Play a good "first move" to ensure food security,
Gao Ming
Focusing on the guarantee of the supply of primary products such as grain, the recent Central Economic Work Conference put forward that “we must insist on giving priority to conservation and implement a comprehensive conservation strategy.” “We must put the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity in a more prominent position, and continue to promote the construction of high-standard farmland. In-depth implementation of the seed industry revitalization action, improving the level of agricultural machinery and equipment, and ensuring the reasonable income of grain farmers, the Chinese people's rice bowl must be firmly in their own hands at all times."
"Hongfan eight political affairs, food is the head of politics", and solving the food problem of more than 1.4 billion people is always the top priority of the country.
my country's grain output has remained above 1.3 trillion catties for seven consecutive years, achieving the "18 consecutive harvests", which has laid a solid foundation for high-quality economic and social development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
However, when we are in peace, we cannot relax the string of food security.
Under the impact of the epidemic in the century, the changes in the past century have accelerated and the external environment has become more complex, severe and uncertain. my country’s economic operation is facing new downward pressure. The protection of national food security can give us more confidence and confidence in responding to various risks and challenges. Therefore, we must Persist in bottom-line thinking and enhance awareness of distress.
At present, guaranteeing national food security is facing some problems and challenges on both sides of supply and demand.
In the medium and long term, my country’s grain demand still has room for growth in quantity and room for improvement in quality. The tight balance of food supply and demand will continue to be maintained for a relatively long period of time in the future.
The phenomenon of food and food waste still exists to a certain extent.
From the perspective of production and supply, since 2020, various localities have strengthened incentives and constraints and implemented grain production responsibilities to prevent the "non-graining" of arable land from achieving initial results. However, the problem of low income from farming grain is still prominent. Continue to prevent arable land" "De-grainization" still has greater pressure.
In addition, floods and other extreme weather occur frequently, and how to do a good job in preventing and reducing disasters in food production has become a key and difficult point in the work of stabilizing and increasing food production.
In the context of comprehensively advancing the rural revitalization strategy and accelerating the realization of agricultural and rural modernization, to ensure national food security, it is necessary to make a good “first move”, focusing on improving the overall grain production capacity, and promoting grain reduction and loss reduction to achieve obvious results.
It is necessary to thoroughly implement the strategy of storing grain on the ground and storing grain on technology.
In the implementation of the storage of grain on the land, we must adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion acres of arable land, curb the "non-agriculturalization" of arable land, prevent the "non-grainization" of arable land, and speed up the construction of high-standard farmland with drought and flood protection and green ecology.
In the implementation of grain storage technology, on the one hand, we must fully implement the seed industry revitalization action, and continue to play the role of variety improvement in increasing grain yield per unit area, especially to narrow the gap between corn yield per unit area and the world's leading level; on the other hand, we must Develop and expand the agricultural socialized service system, promote the cost-saving and efficiency increase of small farmers' grain growing, and realize its organic connection with modern agriculture.
It is necessary to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain and local governments to grasp grain.
Continue to improve and improve the agricultural support and protection policies represented by farmers' income subsidies and the reward funds of large grain-producing counties, as well as the benefit compensation mechanism for major grain producing areas, further improve the efficiency of financial subsidies, and tap the potential of the policy.
In addition, it is necessary to actively guide the formation of agglomeration of the grain processing industry, accelerate the construction of a national food security industrial belt with the “three-chain coordination” of the grain industry chain, value chain, and supply chain, and promote the transformation of the resource advantages and production advantages of the main grain production areas into industrial advantages And economic advantages.
We must continue to promote food loss reduction work.
The first is to promote system detriment, improve the system of food loss and waste reduction through legislation and other methods, and introduce relevant policies and measures to strengthen the awareness of conservation.
The second is to promote the reduction of facilities, strengthen the construction of grain storage and circulation facilities, and increase the proportion of grain bulk storage, bulk transportation, bulk, and bulk unloading of "four bulk" transportation.
The third is to promote technological loss, using technological innovation and process improvement as a means to enhance the degree of mechanical refinement in the grain sowing and harvesting links.
The fourth is to promote disaster prevention and loss reduction, strengthen the application of information technology, strengthen the monitoring and early warning of meteorological disasters, diseases and insect pests, and improve the food disaster prevention and mitigation system.
The fifth is to promote consumption reduction, increase the publicity and education of food reduction and loss, continue to create a good atmosphere for the whole society to love food and save food, and resolutely stop "waste on the tip of the tongue."
(Author unit: Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)
Gao Ming