China Shipbuilding "Enters Shanghai", China Electronics Moves South to Shenzhen, Three Gorges Group returns to Wuhan
The headquarters of central enterprises accelerate the move out of Beijing industry
On February 15, China Shipbuilding Corporation officially moved to Shanghai; in the same month, China Electronics also moved south to Shenzhen.
This marks a successful conclusion to the departure of the headquarters of central enterprises from Beijing in 2021.
Throughout the year, the number of state-owned enterprises that are planning to move out of Beijing or "settled" outside Beijing this year has reached seven, which is significantly faster than that of one in the previous two years.
Some experts told the Red Star Capital Bureau that in the future, in principle, there will be no central SOE headquarters in Beijing's third ring road, and its secondary units "should go all out."
What impact will the departure of the headquarters of central enterprises have on Beijing and the places where they moved?
Is this an opportunity for Beijing to "vacate the cage for a bird"?
go with
The departure of the central SOE headquarters from Beijing is not a "temporary intention."
In 2014, the state clarified the four core functions of Beijing as a “political center, a cultural center, a center for international exchanges, and a center for scientific and technological innovation”, and clearly put forward the policy orientation of “dissolving non-capital core functions”
Three Gorges Group:
Not all have been moved out yet, and the relocation is not "one-time"
According to the reporter's analysis, there have been 7 central SOEs planning to leave Beijing or "settled" outside Beijing this year, including China Satellite Networks Group, China Sinochem Holdings Group, China Huaneng Group, China Electric Equipment Group, China Three Gorges Group, China State Shipbuilding Corporation, and China National Shipbuilding Corporation. electronic.
But if you don’t count as those who settled and registered directly outside Beijing, only Three Gorges Group, China Electronics, China Shipbuilding and China Huaneng actually moved from Beijing.
Recently, the Red Star Capital Bureau visited the current progress of the relocation of these central enterprises.
As the first state-owned enterprise to propose to relocate from Beijing this year, the relocation conference held by China Three Gorges Group in Wuhan on September 26 attracted much attention from outsiders.
During the visit, the reporter discovered that the relocation did not happen overnight, and there are still people working on multiple floors of the headquarters building.
As for the second-tier enterprise across the road from the headquarters of the group, Three Gorges Asset Management Co., Ltd., the company's trademark logo has been removed, and there are still people working in the office building.
The new headquarters also moved. On December 7, Yangtze Three Gorges Investment (Hubei) Co., Ltd. was established in Jiang'an District, Wuhan.
According to Tianyan Check, Yangtze Three Gorges Investment (Hubei) Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Yangtze Three Gorges Investment Management Co., Ltd. with a registered capital of 2 billion yuan.
A person familiar with the matter told the Red Star Capital Bureau that at present, the Three Gorges Group has held a kick-off meeting on the relocation, but it has not yet completely moved.
"The preparations of various central enterprises are different. Some are to move out in batches; some are to mobilize first, then prepare, and then go together." The insider also said that generally all employees move out, but Beijing will also leave a small part of it. For units and employees, many docking matters still need to be handled by Beijing personnel.
Chinese ships:
Moved to Shanghai at the end of the year, and employees return to Beijing to visit relatives and reimburse transportation expenses
As China Electronics and China Shipbuilding Corporation, which have clarified that they will move away by the end of the year, they have already "moved away".
An employee of China Electronics revealed to reporters that the evacuation is already underway, and some people will move out by the end of the year.
However, there are still some departments in Beijing, and not all personnel have moved out.
An employee of China State Shipbuilding Corporation told reporters that the group's headquarters will move to Shanghai by the end of the year with the size of 300 or 400 people.
The employee also revealed that the company has stated that employees who go to Shanghai will currently arrange dormitories for employees, and the transportation expenses for returning to Beijing to visit relatives will also be reimbursed.
The relocation of China Huaneng Group has also been put on the agenda. An employee of China Huaneng told reporters that Huaneng’s timetable for leaving Beijing is set for 2022.
According to its official website, on August 6, Shu Yinbiao, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Chairman of China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd., held talks with Zhang Guohua, Member of the Standing Committee of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee, Deputy Governor, Secretary of the Party Working Committee and Director of the Management Committee of the Xiongan New Area in Xiongan New Area. In-depth exchange of views on supporting the development of Xiongan New District, promoting high-quality relocation work, and strengthening cooperation in related fields.
After the central enterprise headquarters are evacuated, what will the vacant buildings do?
An employee of China Electronics told reporters that other units will take over the headquarters building at that time, and it is hard to say which units will be.
■Perspective
Behind the accelerated departure of central enterprise headquarters from Beijing:
The importance of staying in Beijing has dropped significantly
Some employees of central enterprises analyzed to reporters that the departure of the headquarters of central enterprises was mainly to relieve the overcrowding of traffic and living in the main urban area of Beijing. “Because the central enterprises and their subsidiaries generally have better locations.” The reporter learned that the general staff of the headquarters of central enterprises It ranges from a few hundred to a thousand.
So how much effect will the relief of a few people play in solving the congestion problem in Beijing?
"Although the number of employees in the headquarters of central enterprises is not large, it has a great impact." State-owned enterprise reform scholar and chief expert of the SASAC News Center Li Jin explained to reporters that the headquarters, as the head agency, may have as many as hundreds of subordinate units. Put pressure on Beijing traffic.
"Once the headquarters moves out, the evacuation function is still obvious."
However, it may be "difficult to choose" for employees in Beijing at various headquarters.
An employee told the Red Star Capital Bureau: “This involves many people settling in their homes and children transferring to another school. It is very complicated.” However, if you are unwilling to leave Beijing, you may want to consider leaving.
In fact, the departure of the headquarters of central enterprises from Beijing is not a "temporary intention."
In 2014, the state clarified the four core functions of Beijing as a "political center, cultural center, international exchange center, and scientific and technological innovation center", and clearly put forward the policy orientation of "dissolving non-capital core functions", which means that Beijing's industrial structure will welcome Come to reorganize.
The relocation of the headquarters of central enterprises also officially kicked off.
From 2014 to 2018, central enterprises will move out of Beijing every two years.
But in 2021, this speed seems to be significantly faster.
Liu Xingguo, a researcher at the China Enterprise Confederation, told the Red Star Capital Bureau that this year's intensive relocation, on the one hand, is that newly formed central enterprises can reconsider their layout in the choice of headquarters, so that the new headquarters can be deployed in accordance with the new requirements; on the other hand, For those old central enterprises, after years of planning, and the SASAC of the State Council is also vigorously promoting, the number of relocations this year is correspondingly higher than in previous years.
"From the perspective of corporate development, the importance of the central SOE headquarters staying in Beijing has declined significantly; on the contrary, closer proximity to the market, resources, and core competence assets of the company has increasingly prominent influence on the location of the SOE headquarters." Liu Xingguo pointed out that the headquarters of central enterprises in Beijing had historical problems. In the early days when central enterprises needed more administrative resources, this layout was appropriate.
"However, in the current environment, the development of enterprises depends more on market resources and on their core capabilities. Obviously, it is no longer necessary to keep the headquarters away from the market and away from core capabilities and assets in Beijing."
Keep
In recent years, the relocation of traditional manufacturing-based companies out of Beijing has not significantly affected the development of advanced and high-end manufacturing. On the contrary, it has provided high value-added, high-precision, new, high-growth technology companies and highly dynamic start-ups. Precious room for growth
Separated from the headquarters of central enterprises
Beijing Ushered in a Good Opportunity for "Freeing the Cage and Changing the Bird"
Liu Xingguo pointed out that the relocation of the headquarters of central enterprises will definitely have a negative impact on Beijing's fiscal revenue, which will directly lead to a decline in fiscal revenue, but the impact will not be too great, and it will be short-term.
In the long run, the relocation of central SOE headquarters will have limited impact on Beijing's GDP.
Comparing the data, we know that after the curtain on the deconstruction of non-capital core functions was opened in 2014, Beijing's GDP volume and growth rate did not drop significantly compared to Shanghai.
From 2015 to 2017, the ratio of Beijing's total GDP to Shanghai's total GDP remained stable at over 90%.
In the past three years, this proportion has increased significantly.
In the GDP rankings of the first three quarters of this year's provinces and cities, the GDP gap between Beijing and Shanghai has further narrowed, and the total proportion has risen to 96.39%.
Some experts believe that in recent years, the relocation of traditional manufacturing-based enterprises out of Beijing has not significantly affected the development of advanced and high-end manufacturing. On the contrary, they are high-value-added, high-precision, new, high-growth technology enterprises and high-energy enterprises. Of start-ups provide valuable room for growth.
Beijing no longer retains central enterprises, pointing to Beijing's adjustment of its industrial structure.
"Beijing definitely needs to consider introducing and developing new industries to make up for the possible impact of the relocation of the headquarters of central enterprises." Liu Xingguo said.
Now Beijing is also actively deploying. Last month, the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government clearly stated the goal of building a new engine for an international science and technology innovation center.
The "Plan" clearly stated that by 2025, the Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center will be basically formed and become a world science center and an innovation highland.
The relocation of state-owned enterprises at the moment is an opportunity for Beijing to "vacate the cage and change the bird."
Li Jin said: "Beijing wants to take this opportunity to adjust and transform, and the advantageous industries should seize the opportunity to reorganize the industrial chain."
Where to stay after leaving Beijing?
Central SOE Headquarters Aiming at "Three Cities and One District"
Where will the state-owned enterprises that leave Beijing settle?
Judging from the migration trajectory of the headquarters of central enterprises in recent years, some of the headquarters of central enterprises are concentrated in Xiongan New Area, while the other part is close to the frontier areas of related industries, including Shanghai, Shenzhen, Wuhan and other places.
Take this year's 7 companies as an example. Xiongan is the main undertaking site, with 3 state-owned enterprises settling in; the rest are 2 in Shanghai, and 1 each in Shenzhen and Wuhan.
Xiong'an, as a new highland for the headquarters of central enterprises in the future, has long established a clear timetable.
In January 2020, the State Council approved the "Regulatory Detailed Plan for the Startup Zone in Xiong'an New District, Hebei", which mentioned that the 2022 construction goals include close cooperation between Beijing and Hebei, perfecting the undertaking of the relief policy, and ensuring the first batch of Beijing non-capital functional relief projects Landing.
At the end of January this year, Beijing proposed in the "14th Five-Year Plan" to promote the transfer of non-capital functions to the Xiongan New Area, and support the orderly transfer of some central administrative institutions, headquarters enterprises, and higher education institutions in Beijing to the Xiongan New Area.
Many analysts believe that this has released a clear policy signal that the Xiongan New District will become a new highland for the headquarters of central enterprises in the future, with the focus on forming the scale effect of technological innovation.
In addition to Xiong'an, Li Jin told the Red Star Capital Bureau that the choice of the headquarters of central enterprises mainly depends on the needs of market operations. "From an economic point of view, it is also based on various market factors, including talents, products, technology, and raw materials. "
"The choice of foothold is either to get closer to the market or to get closer to core capability assets." Liu Xingguo also believes that more should be closer to core capability assets, which will help strengthen the headquarters' management of core capability assets. , So as to better promote the overall competitiveness of enterprises.
The relocation of the Yangtze Three Gorges Group and China Shipbuilding Corporation is more "going home".
In terms of historical development, Shanghai is the birthplace of China's shipbuilding industry and an important town of China's shipbuilding industry.
At the same time, China State Shipbuilding Corporation has many enterprises and scientific research institutions in Shanghai and East China.
The Yangtze Three Gorges Group was established in 1993 for the construction of the Three Gorges Project, with its headquarters in Hubei and later moved to Beijing.
The relocation of the headquarters of central enterprises has various benefits to the relocation place.
Li Jin believes that large enterprises can drive urban development, no matter in terms of output value, taxation, or employment opportunities, they can help.
"The revenue of a single CNPC company exceeds one trillion, which has exceeded the output value of several provinces. Enterprises of this level will play a great role in the modernization and transformation of the entire city."
Chengdu Commercial Daily-Red Star News Reporter Wang Tian