With the development and application of high and new technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, related research on the integration of humans, machines and things has attracted widespread attention in the world.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology of the Academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences that the rapid development of emerging technologies represented by information technology and artificial intelligence has greatly expanded the scope of time, space, and people’s cognition. The era of intelligent interconnection of all things with the ternary integration of man, machine and thing.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" has made arrangements for my country's core technological breakthroughs, intelligent transformation and application of artificial intelligence.
Specially invited experts in this issue will have an in-depth discussion.
Guest
Liu Peng, Director of the Artificial Intelligence Expert Committee of China Big Data Application Alliance
Professor Yang Tianruo, School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University
Zhang Huanxi, Secretary-General of the Working Committee of China Robotics Summit
host
Sun Shifang, Member of the Editorial Board of Economic Daily and Dean of China Institute of Economic Trends
People-centered ternary integration
Moderator: As a deeper artificial intelligence model, what changes will the ternary integration of man, machine and material bring to the production methods and social lifestyles of the industry?
What are the goals and technical ways to achieve it?
Liu Peng: The ternary integration of man, machine and matter emphasizes the organic integration of physical space, information space, and social space. Physical space continuously interacts with information space and social space, while information space and social space are recognizing Intelligent fusion of knowledge and calculation attributes.
The core of the ternary integration of man-machine-object is artificial intelligence. The relationship between man-machine is the key to the ternary collaboration. When the two cognition and combination can work together and effectively, it is like adding a "motor" to the ternary integration. Under the guidance of the brain, it will move forward in an orderly and benign manner.
The in-depth application and high integration of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence will further promote the efficient collaboration of humans, machines, and nature.
In terms of production, ternary fusion enhances the perception, empathy, behavior, and adaptability of machines, and realizes the complementarity of the capabilities of machines and humans, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality; in terms of life, ternary fusion eliminates more understanding Deviations and interaction restrictions, machines can make full use of the physical world and natural resources, tailor more personalized products and services according to human needs, and bring high-quality life.
It is a huge project to realize the harmonious symbiosis of human, machine and nature, realize intelligent, refined and dynamic management, and create a new social ecology. It will take time and even the efforts of several generations to realize this goal.
Therefore, the short-term goal of human-machine-object integration is to help improve the level of machine intelligence, greatly enhance the machine's perception and resilience, and promote the development of the human-machine relationship.
It is necessary to focus on building artificial intelligence systems. On the basis of the existing speech recognition, machine vision, and actuator system research and development, focus on breakthroughs in the research and development of cognitive behavior systems, and realize the weak artificial intelligence from voice assistants, search engines, and navigation systems to humans. The development of strong artificial intelligence of thinking and mind allows machines to better understand the external world.
Yang Tianruo: The hub of human-machine-object interaction is "information." Although "machines" can efficiently capture and store information from the physical environment, they cannot analyze information autonomously.
Humans can perceive the physical environment from a higher level, extract useful information, and transmit the perceived information to the machine in the process of human-computer interaction, so that the machine reflects the true intentions and intelligent attributes of humans in the process of acting on the physical environment.
With the improvement of the autonomous intelligence of machines, the relationship between humans, machines and things will evolve into a "symbiotic relationship" in which the three cooperate with each other to create a smart society.
From the perspective of short-term goals, under the impetus of human-machine-physical intelligence technology, the use of various information resources will enable human society, information space, and physical space to interact and communicate, digital twins, dynamic coupling, and virtual and real integration to form a human-centered person. The intelligent new social form of the ternary integration of machine and material provides more active and accurate intelligent services in innovation and entrepreneurship, leisure and entertainment, medical and health, etc.
Zhang Huanxi: The ternary integration of man-machine-things must deeply integrate the Internet of Things, communication and other technologies, so that things can be interconnected between things and people, and intelligence can be integrated into all things to achieve seamless docking and collaborative computing.
In particular, the industrial Internet in the "Internet +" era is giving birth to the formation and development of the human-machine-material integration network space, presenting the characteristics of big integration, big data, intelligence and virtualization.
The application and development of the ternary fusion technology of man-machine-object will bring many changes to our production and life.
Extensive connections generate massive amounts of data. The high concentration of these data will enable cross-industry and cross-regional flows, which in turn will give birth to more new models and new formats.
If the first half of the Internet's revolutionary impact on the social economy belongs to the consumer Internet, then the second half belongs to the industrial Internet.
The Industrial Internet is the product of the in-depth integration of a new generation of information technology and production technology. It promotes new industrial manufacturing and new service systems through the deep interconnection of people, machines, and things, and the comprehensive links of all elements, the entire industry chain, and the entire value chain. .
The key to human-machine-object fusion computing is how to effectively extract and integrate the ternary information of human, machine, and object, and to provide universal services to effectively integrate and utilize the value of "people". In terms of people-oriented computing and services.
Some technical problems need to be solved and optimized
Moderator: What is the current status of the research on the ternary fusion of humans, machines and objects in my country?
What are the key challenges currently facing?
Yang Tianruo: With the continuous development and emergence of high technology such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, the deep integration of the ternary space of man, machine and thing has attracted the attention of countries all over the world.
Among them, digital economy, smart factories, smart cities, etc. are all typical applications of the historical process of human society moving towards a society with intelligent integration of humans, machines and objects.
In recent years, my country has successively issued some strategic plans to actively promote the research and development process of the ternary space integration of man-machine-objects.
From the perspective of national science and technology development, the State Council issued the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" in 2017, taking knowledge-driven man-machine-object ternary synergy theory as the basic theoretical system and key tasks of the new generation of artificial intelligence.
From the perspective of social application, the ternary integration of man-machine-object has been widely used in smart home, smart transportation, smart medical and other aspects.
From a technical perspective, the government and scientific research institutions have been committed to the intelligent construction of society, from early cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, to the recent edge computing, digital twins, and "Internet +", all of which have laid the foundation for human, machine, and IoT intelligence. Established a solid theoretical and technical foundation.
However, there is still a lack of comprehensive research on the scientific theory, system structure and practical application of the ternary fusion of man, machine and matter.
One is the lack of a universal human-machine-physical system design method.
Most of the existing system design methods are aimed at specific applications, and fail to comprehensively consider multiple design factors, especially human social relationships, lack versatility, and cannot well meet the growing, interconnected, smart application needs.
The second is the lack of a unified analysis platform for big data of humans, machines and things.
The big data generated by the human-machine-physical system has the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneous, cross-space, cross-platform, high-level, massive, and time series. It still lacks methods and platforms for unified representation, fusion, calculation, analysis and processing of human-machine-physical big data .
The third is the lack of an automatic evolutionary human-machine-physical system design model.
Existing design models are often static models, which cannot be optimized and iterated adaptively as user needs and environment change.
Liu Peng: As early as 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences released the "Roadmap for the Development of Information Technology from China to 2050", which put forward the idea of a ternary world of man, machine and material and information technology for the benefit of the public.
The "White Paper on China's Digital Economy Development (2021)" released by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology shows that my country's digital economy will reach 39.2 trillion yuan in 2020, accounting for 38.6% of GDP.
The integration of man, machine and material led by information technology is making great strides forward.
However, looking at the current actual situation, the ternary integration of man-machine-objects still faces some difficult technical problems that need to be solved and optimized.
First, the artificial intelligence system has not reached the level of strong artificial intelligence and cannot work completely independently. For example, in the automobile manufacturing process, it still needs manual control when encountering accidents such as failures and network intrusions; robots still have some advantages in intelligence, flexibility and flexibility. Lack, part of the assembly work still requires manual intervention.
Second, the application of human-machine-object integration is still relatively fragmented, just like the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. How to get through is still the problem.
At the same time, how to share data between upstream and downstream under the premise of protecting privacy, make scientific predictions based on the sharing situation, and realize refined management is also the meaning of the research topic of the ternary integration of man, machine and material.
Towards a society with intelligent integration of humans, machines and objects
Moderator: From concept to wide application, what are the typical application scenarios for the ternary integration of man, machine and material?
How to promote effective synergy and integrated development so that it can become a strong support for addressing the country's major needs?
Yang Tianruo: Human-machine-physical intelligence is a major change in the current information society. The rapid development and emergence of various high-tech artificial intelligence technologies effectively synergize and integrate human-machine-physical elements. Typical application scenarios include smart homes, smart communities, Smart economic circle, etc.
At present, the research can be deepened from the following aspects: one is to explore the internal coordination law and interaction mechanism of man-machine-object; the second is to build a new type of intelligent computing and service system; third is to strengthen the top-level design of man-machine-object adaptive system; fourth is to make breakthroughs in man-machine-object The key technology of data analysis; the fifth is to realize the security of data and system.
To promote the deep integration and harmonious development of the ternary space of humans, machines and objects, the government needs to strongly support the construction of new urban infrastructure and public service platforms represented by intelligent technologies for humans, machines and objects, so that intelligent technologies for humans, machines and objects continue to be a new type of intelligent city Empowerment.
At the same time, innovatively use artificial intelligence technology to change the development model of human-machine-object intelligent application, break through the bottleneck of inclusive human-machine-object intelligence, and build a high-quality and open basic software ecosystem.
Liu Peng: The rapid development of artificial intelligence, and the human society is moving towards a ternary intelligent integration society of humans, machines and objects. Unmanned docks, unmanned factories, and smart cities are all typical application scenarios.
Take the unmanned factory as an example. Most of the automobile production processes are automated. Some tasks that are technically immature and cannot be completed by computers, such as the inspection of integrated panels, are completed by humans. The operating production environment.
To promote the effective collaboration and integration of humans, machines, and things, on the one hand, we should vigorously build strong artificial intelligence and improve the level of artificial intelligence; on the other hand, we should focus on the overall situation, share industry data, and build comprehensive coverage through the comprehensive connection of people, machines, and things. The new system of the industrial chain and the entire value chain realizes from partial integration to industry integration to social integration, and finally to social integration.
In this regard, many technical and policy issues still require efficient coordination and strong support from the government and society.
Technically, carry out data governance, resolve data conflicts, and ensure the authenticity, objectivity and security of data; based on global optimization strategies, carry out scientific forecasts and provide forward-looking guidance for the integration of man-machine-objects; initiate failure mechanisms to perform self-reliance when problems arise Adapt to adjustment.
In terms of policy, there is an urgent need to formulate and promote corresponding upstream and downstream convergence standards, regulations and policies, clarify the content of shared and open data, and the scope and authority of openness, so as to achieve effective convergence and moderate and appropriate openness.
Zhang Huanxi: With the rapid development and accelerated integration of the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence technologies, the Intelligent Internet of Things (AIoT) is growing into an emerging frontier field with broad development prospects.
The intelligent Internet of Things first collects all kinds of data in real time through the networking of various sensors, and then uses data mining and machine learning methods for intelligent processing and understanding on terminal devices, edge devices or the cloud.
In recent years, the application of smart Internet of Things has gradually integrated into the major national needs and various fields of people's livelihood, such as smart cities, smart manufacturing, and social governance.
A typical example is the development and application of industrial Internet technology, which promotes the construction of a new industrial manufacturing and service system through the comprehensive interconnection of people, machines, and things.
The intelligent Internet of Things is the main body of the integration of a large number of people, machines, and things. The collaborative integration of humans, machines and things has become a new development trend, and will also promote the generation of a new generation of smart perception computing.
The integration of human-machine-object group intelligence computing faces the international academic frontiers in the field of Internet of Things and pervasive computing, exploring the basic theoretical innovations of heterogeneous group intelligence collaboration, and promoting the organic connection, collaboration and enhancement of human, machine, and material elements through key technological breakthroughs. A smart space with self-organization, self-learning, self-adaptation, continuous evolution, etc., is of great significance to promote the formation of new models and new business formats in areas of major national demand such as smart cities and smart manufacturing, and to promote the development and transformation of a new generation of smart IoT technologies. .