According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), central banks around the world should remain vigilant with regard to inflation.

You could prove to be "more persistent" if delivery bottlenecks persist, the fund has now warned.

Another risk is that inflation expectations can get out of hand.

IMF spokesman Gerry Rice said US inflation is likely to decline next year.

But the monetary authorities should remain vigilant about the upside risks.

In view of the rapidly rising prices in the USA, economists are increasingly anticipating an interest rate hike in the coming year.

The 42 experts surveyed by the Reuters news agency expect a first step upwards on average by the end of 2022.

Accordingly, the key interest rate would then be raised by a quarter point to the range of 0.25 to 0.50 percent.

After that, further steps upwards are expected in the first half of 2023.

At the end of 2023, the interest rate should then be in a corridor of 1.25 to 1.5 percent.

Most of the participants in the survey published on Friday also advise the US Federal Reserve to tackle the rate hike earlier - by the end of September 2022, due to the risk of inflation.

Fed is watching price pressures

New York Borough Chief John Williams said at a digital conference that the United States is definitely seeing a surge in underlying price pressures that needs to be investigated. In technical jargon, underlying inflation means price pressure, in which fluctuations-prone components and special factors are excluded - such as energy or food prices or the cost surges caused by the current shortage of materials. Williams said that while it was to be welcomed that inflation expectations were moving upwards. But one does not want to see an even more pronounced increase in the long term.

The ECB's chief economist Philip Lane said at the same conference that the European Central Bank expects the rate of inflation to decline over the coming year.

There are also no signs that inflation expectations are loosening their anchoring.

Due to delivery bottlenecks and exploding energy prices, the inflation rate in the euro area was 4.1 percent in October, the highest it has been in over 13 years.

In the US, the inflation rate is much higher at 6.2 percent.