Pay attention to alleviating structural employment contradictions, and adhere to the employment orientation of economic development

"Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" to Draw a Blueprint for Promoting Employment (Rui Finance)

　　Our reporter Li Jie

　　"People's Daily Overseas Edition" (September 01, 2021 Edition 03)

　　By 2025, more than 55 million new jobs will be created in cities and towns, the average number of years of education of the working-age population will reach 11.3 years, and the proportion of newly-increased labor force who have received higher education will reach 55%... Recently, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Employment Promotion" (Hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), systematically planned the work of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and outlined the blueprint for the future period of development.

On August 30, the State Council Information Office held a regular briefing on the State Council’s policies, and officials from relevant departments introduced the relevant situation.

Strong economic support

　　In 5 years, 65.64 million new urban jobs were created, and the average urban unemployment rate was controlled at 5.2%. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, employment was a good report card.

How to study and judge the employment situation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period?

　　“There are still many difficulties, challenges, and a lot of uncertainties in promoting employment, but overall we are confident that employment will remain stable and provide a solid foundation for more adequate and higher-quality employment.” Deputy National Development and Reform Commission Secretary-General Gao Gao said.

　　From the perspective of positive factors, the long-term economic improvement has provided important support for employment promotion; the continuous development and growth of the service industry and the private economy have provided broad space for expanding employment; the accelerated development of dual innovation and digital economy has provided continuous employment for expansion. Powerful new kinetic energy.

　　At present, China's economic operation is steadily strengthening and improving while maintaining stability, which has led to the gradual stabilization of employment.

In the first seven months of this year, 8.22 million new jobs were created in cities and towns across the country, achieving nearly 75% of the annual target; the average urban unemployment rate was controlled at 5.2%, a decrease of 0.6 percentage points from the same period last year.

This will lay a solid foundation for the completion of the annual employment goals and tasks and the start of the "14th Five-Year Plan".

　　From the perspective of risks and challenges, first of all, structural employment contradictions are more prominent and will become the main contradiction in the employment field.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is expected that technological progress and industrial transformation and upgrading will further accelerate, and the structural contradiction of the shortage of high-quality labor may become more prominent.

　　Second, the pressure on total urban employment still exists.

In the coming period, the newly-growing labor force such as college graduates who will be employed in cities and towns is expected to exceed tens of millions each year.

In the process of industrialization and urbanization, there will still be a considerable amount of rural surplus labor that needs to be transferred for employment, and the task of promoting employment for key groups is arduous.

Clear goals and focus

　　Faced with the new opportunities and challenges during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the "Plan" clarified the main goals: to achieve more than 55 million new jobs in urban areas, to control the urban surveyed unemployment rate within 5.5%, the employment situation is generally stable, and the quality of employment Steady improvement, effective relief of structural employment contradictions, continuous release of the employment momentum driven by entrepreneurship, and significant enhancement of risk response capabilities.

　　Li Zhong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, introduced that the main focus of the "Plan" can be summarized in three sentences: two-way effort for capacity expansion and quality improvement; two-wheel drive for training and service; and bilateral coordination of key points and risk prevention.

　　Expansion and quality improvement work in both directions.

Expansion means to adhere to the employment orientation of economic development, and to focus on supporting employment through macro policies such as fiscal and monetary policies, and do everything possible to expand employment capacity.

Quality improvement means to promote the increase of labor remuneration basically in line with the increase of labor productivity, improve the social security system covering urban and rural laborers, strive to eliminate employment discrimination, effectively protect women's legitimate rights and interests in employment and entrepreneurship, and promote equal employment.

　　Training and service two-wheel drive.

Pay more attention to alleviating structural employment contradictions, and the key lies in vocational training.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we will continue to implement vocational skills upgrading activities, and strive to achieve subsidized vocational skills training for more than 75 million person-times.

It will strengthen the protection function of public employment services and give full play to the effectiveness of operational human resources service agencies.

　　Two-sided coordination of key protection and risk prevention.

The key point is to focus on the employment of key groups such as college graduates, veterans, rural migrant laborers, and those with employment difficulties.

Preventing risks is to improve the employment and unemployment statistical monitoring and investigation system, strengthen the application of big data and other technologies, enhance risk early warning and disposal capabilities, effectively prevent and resolve large-scale unemployment risks, and secure the bottom line of people's livelihood.

　　In addition, the "Plan" has also innovatively proposed action plans for the support and guarantee of flexible employees and workers with new forms of employment, and the promotion of employment through labor brands to adapt to changes in the new employment situation.

Promote high-quality employment in manufacturing

　　In recent years, the manufacturing industry has seen prominent problems in employment and recruitment. What measures will be taken during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period to support the employment of the manufacturing industry and promote high-quality development?

　　Gao Gao analyzes that in the long run, the employment problem in the manufacturing industry is due to the in-depth adjustment of the population structure, the decline in the number of working-age people, and the decrease in labor supply.

On the other hand, the industrial structure is undergoing transformation and upgrading, and there is a continuous shortage of skilled and skilled workers, especially the strong demand for technical and skilled personnel, and there is a structural gap.

　　The "Plan" made special arrangements to promote employment in the manufacturing industry.

It is necessary to promote high-quality employment in the manufacturing industry, and clearly implement the “reduction of costs and burdens” in the manufacturing industry. While increasing the employment absorption capacity of the manufacturing industry, it also increases the income level of employees, enhances the attractiveness of the manufacturing industry to young people’s employment, and eases the manufacturing industry. Difficulties in recruitment.

　　In response to the structural employment problem in the manufacturing industry, the "Plan" emphasizes the need to promote the effective connection of the manufacturing industry chain, the entrepreneurial chain and the training chain. In the process of industrial upgrading, innovation and development, talent training must keep up.

In addition, further strengthen the employment services of manufacturing enterprises, including improving the normalized service mechanism for key enterprises, and establishing a public employment service linkage system for some key enterprises with strong employability and large-scale employment.

"While promoting the stable development and transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, we must provide more high-quality jobs for the majority of workers." Gao Gao said.