The key to a good grain harvest lies in disaster prevention and mitigation
——A series of comments on enhancing the confidence of Duanlao's "Chinese Rice Bowl"①
Jin Guanping
In recent days, Henan and many other places have continued to experience heavy rainfall, floods have occurred in some areas, and some rivers have also seen over-alarm water levels.
The heavy rainfall not only aggravated the flood control situation, but also caused a threat to food production.
Rejuvenating water conservancy and eliminating water hazards has always been a major event in our country's peace and prosperity.
In order to get rid of the appearance of relying on the sky for food, after the founding of New China, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has vigorously implemented farmland water conservancy construction and popularized water-saving irrigation. The effective irrigation area of farmland has increased to 1.037 billion mu by the end of 2020, saving water. The irrigated area is 567 million mu, and the grain output has increased year after year.
This year’s summer grain harvest again, the total output increased by 5.9 billion jin compared to last year, and the output reached a new high. This won the initiative for the annual grain output to remain above 1.3 trillion jin, and also made a good start for the 14th Five-Year Plan , To promote high-quality economic and social development and provide strong support for the construction of a new development pattern.
However, the output of summer grain plus early rice only accounts for about 25% of the annual grain output, and the bulk of the grain is still autumn.
July, August, and September are the most urgent, critical, and important periods for autumn grain production, but they are also periods of frequent recurrence of disasters such as droughts, floods, and typhoons.
According to forecasts by the Meteorological Department, the overall climate conditions in the second half of the year will deviate, extreme weather may occur frequently, and regional storms, floods and droughts will be heavier than normal.
At present, the production base of autumn grain is relatively good, and the area is stable while increasing.
It can be said that the most critical factor affecting the harvest of autumn grains is meteorological disasters.
From the perspective of grain production history, meteorological disasters are one of the important factors causing grain production to decrease.
Without adequate disaster prevention preparations, river basin floods and large-scale droughts will have a serious impact on autumn grain production.
By then, the loss of autumn grain will not be a small number.
The prevention of agricultural disasters is complex and changeable. To win the year-round grain harvest, it is extremely important to tighten the strings of flood prevention and drought relief, and disaster prevention and reduction.
Therefore, the adverse effects of disasters must be fully estimated.
On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring, early warning, and early disaster preparedness.
Only by taking precautions can you be prepared.
Agriculture, meteorology, emergency, water conservancy and other departments should strengthen communication and consultation, encrypt moisture and drought monitoring, find signs and trends early, and propose targeted active disaster avoidance and scientific disaster prevention technical measures to let farmers know what to prevent , How to prevent and prepare for it early.
At the same time, it is necessary to prepare adequate emergency supplies such as drought and flood relief equipment, guide agricultural machinery cooperatives and other social service organizations to prepare for drought and flood relief, actively seek support from finance and other departments, and coordinate and allocate agricultural production disaster relief funds in a timely manner.
On the other hand, we insist on flood prevention and drought fighting with both hands.
In areas such as the Huanghuaihai River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, southern China, southwestern and northwestern regions, it is necessary to make preparations for major floods, prepare flood control plans, give full play to the flood control and drought resistance functions of reservoirs, prepare sufficient drainage equipment, and promptly drain accumulated water.
At the same time, for areas where drought is likely to occur, on the basis of ensuring the safety of flood prevention, increase the storage capacity of reservoirs, mountain ponds, etc., where conditions permit, use water diversion and pumping projects and water storage projects to actively reserve drought-resistant water sources, and early Do a good job in the maintenance of drought-resistant motorized wells and dredging of agricultural irrigation channels, improve water diversion conditions, and ensure emergency water for drought.
Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture.
Practice has proved that in the face of the same disaster, where the farmland water conservancy facilities are good, the loss caused by the disaster is small, and the production recovery is quick; while the farmland water conservancy facilities are weak, the loss caused by the disaster is heavy, and the production recovery is slow.
Only by continuously strengthening the basic construction of farmland water conservancy and improving the ability of agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation can we provide a solid guarantee for food security.