China News Service, July 23. According to the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Technical Guidelines for Animal Epidemic Prevention after Flood Disasters" (hereinafter referred to as "Technical Guidelines") on the 23rd.
The "Technical Guide" proposes to strengthen the harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry, and not to buy, sell, process, or dispose of dead livestock and poultry at will.
According to the “Technical Guide”, flood disasters caused by heavy rains and typhoons can easily lead to exposure of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, floating and rotting of dead livestock and poultry carcasses due to disasters, and decreased immunity of livestock and poultry under stress conditions. The risk of occurrence and spread of major animal diseases such as swine fever and highly pathogenic avian influenza and zoonotic diseases such as anthrax and schistosomiasis has increased significantly.
In order to do a good job of animal epidemic prevention after flood disasters in a scientific and effective manner, efforts should be made to strengthen prevention and control measures in eight areas to prevent "a major epidemic after a major disaster."
Data map: flooded houses and farmland.
(Aerial photo) Photo by China News Agency reporter Zou Hao
The "Technical Guidelines" require timely salvage and collection of dead livestock and poultry.
Implement the territorial management responsibility and the main responsibility of the breeder, and timely salvage and collect the dead livestock and poultry carcasses due to the disaster.
Increase the intensity and frequency of investigations in key areas and key periods, and verify and handle the situation reflected in all aspects.
The dead livestock and poultry found in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other waters shall be collected and processed by the local people's government at the county level; those found in urban public places and villages shall be collected and processed by the local neighborhood office or township government.
Strengthen the management of dead livestock and poultry transportation.
Transport vehicles for dead livestock and poultry should be waterproof, anti-seepage, corrosion-resistant, and easy to clean and disinfect.
During transportation, try to avoid passing through populated areas and densely populated livestock and poultry breeding areas.
A transportation ledger should be established and the transportation record information should be properly kept.
Strictly harmless treatment.
It is not allowed to buy, sell, process, or dispose of livestock and poultry that have died due to the disaster at will.
In accordance with the requirements of "Technical Specifications for the Harmless Treatment of Diseased Animals and Dead Animals", the treatment should be standardized, and methods such as chemical systems should be preferred. Where conditions are not available, deep burying can be used for treatment.
If the deep burial method is adopted, the site shall be selected in strict accordance with the regulations and the operation shall be regulated to prevent pollution of water sources and the environment.
The "Technical Guidelines" emphasizes the strengthening of preventive disinfection of key places.
Comprehensive preventive disinfection of livestock and poultry pens, slaughter and processing sites, livestock and poultry trading markets, transportation vehicles, appliances, etc. will be carried out.
Develop disinfection plans based on the risk of disease occurrence, determine the scope and objects of disinfection, and select disinfection drugs and methods that are reliable, easy to operate, safe to humans and animals, and have low environmental pollution.
Increase the frequency of disinfection.
Disinfect the breeding pens (with livestock and poultry) 3-4 times a week, and carry out environmental disinfection at least twice a week to ensure the disinfection effect.
The disinfection frequency should be increased for the areas where the epidemic has occurred and the positive detection is detected, and the disinfection effect should be evaluated.
The "Technical Guidelines" proposes strict cleaning and disinfection of harmless treatment links.
For places and transportation tools for the discovery, collection and treatment of dead livestock and poultry, scientific and standardized cleaning and disinfection shall be carried out to prevent the spread of pathogens.
The polluted area environment and facilities and equipment should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after each treatment activity.
Before the transportation vehicles leave the breeding farms, collection points, harmless treatment plants and other places, the carriages should be closed, and the wheels, the exterior of the carriages, the tools and the working environment should be disinfected.
Strengthen the control and elimination of vector organisms.
In areas prone to insect-borne diseases, spray insecticides on farms and the surrounding environment.
For mosquito larva breeding sites, clear water or fill soil to cover in time, and use insecticides to control mosquito larvae.
Strengthen the measures to prevent rats in breeding farms, repair damaged walls in time, and use high-efficiency rodenticides; after the poisonous bait is put, the dead rats should be searched and harmlessly treated in time.
The "Technical Guidelines" clarify that monitoring of key areas should be strengthened.
Focus on monitoring livestock and poultry in high-risk areas such as disaster-affected areas and epidemic sources, and increase the frequency of monitoring.
Sampling and inspection of dead livestock and poultry, timely detection and elimination of hidden dangers.
Strengthen the monitoring of key diseases.
Strengthen the surveillance of major animal diseases such as African swine fever and highly pathogenic avian influenza, and zoonotic diseases such as anthrax and schistosomiasis, and analyze and determine the occurrence and development of animal diseases in disaster-affected areas in a timely manner.
For schistosomiasis-affected areas, ditch drainage must be dredged to prevent oncomelania breeding.
It is strictly forbidden to go to Binhu Caozhou to graze cattle immediately after the disaster, and to feed praziquantel to repel worms if necessary.
The "Technical Guidelines" require that emergency immunization be organized.
For animal diseases subject to compulsory immunization, immunization should be strengthened in time based on the monitoring of immune antibodies and the epidemic situation around the farm.
For other infectious diseases of livestock and poultry, preventive immunizations should be implemented in accordance with the dynamics of the epidemic situation.
For areas where anthrax, swine streptococcus, and Japanese encephalitis have occurred, risk assessments should be organized, and the scope of preventive immunization should be determined based on the assessment results.
Standardize the management and use of vaccines.
Organize the dispatch and distribution of emergency immunization vaccines to ensure that the storage and transportation process meets the prescribed conditions.
Strictly follow the precautions in the vaccine instructions to vaccinate the animals that meet the vaccination conditions to reduce the stress response of the vaccinated animals due to high heat, high humidity and other environments.
The "Technical Guidelines" stated that strict quarantine of livestock and poultry and their products is strictly enforced.
Standardize the implementation of quarantine of origin and slaughter quarantine. In the event of an abnormal situation, necessary measures shall be taken to restrict the movement of livestock and poultry and the circulation of products, so as to control the risk to a minimum.
Strictly check the animal quarantine certificate and the record of transportation vehicles to prevent the livestock and poultry and their products that are infected or suspected of being infected from entering the circulation link.
Strengthen law enforcement supervision.
Strictly control the slaughter and harmless treatment gates, severely crack down on illegal activities such as the purchase, processing, and transportation of livestock and poultry with unknown causes, strictly prevent disease and death of livestock and poultry from entering the market, and maintain the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products.
The "Technical Guide" points out that clean up farms should be done.
Clean up the environment, dirt and debris around the livestock and poultry farms in time, dredge the drainage channels of the farms, and drain the accumulated water in the farms.
Repair and reinforce damaged livestock and poultry pens. If it cannot be repaired in time, the livestock and poultry should be moved to a dry and safe area as soon as possible.
Strengthen livestock and poultry manure management in farms to avoid overflow of livestock and poultry manure.
Strengthen the management of livestock and poultry breeding.
Keep the farm hygienic, clean up manure in time, and ventilate the pen.
To ensure the supply of nutritious feed and clean drinking water, multivitamins can be added to the drinking water to enhance the resistance of livestock and poultry.
The feed storage room should be ventilated to prevent mildew.
Commercial livestock and poultry that meet the slaughter weight standard must be slaughtered as soon as possible and the stocking density should be reasonably reduced.
Medications can be used to prevent bacterial diseases that are prone to occur under stress.
Orderly resume production.
Guide the disaster-stricken livestock and poultry farms to formulate recovery plans, strengthen technical guidance, and help them resume production as soon as possible.
The "Technical Guidelines" emphasized that emergency supplies should be strengthened.
Check the inventory of animal vaccines, disinfection drugs, protective clothing, gloves and other materials in the jurisdiction to ensure sufficient emergency materials reserves; strengthen the maintenance and management of transportation vehicles, cold storage, refrigerators, freezers and other facilities and equipment to ensure effective operation.
Strengthen emergency duty.
Strengthen the deployment of emergency forces, strictly implement the 24-hour emergency duty system for major animal epidemics, and prepare for emergency at any time.
In the event of an emergency, report and deal with it in a timely manner according to regulations.
The "Technical Guidelines" require that the propaganda of animal epidemic prevention knowledge should be strengthened after the disaster.
Make full use of multimedia methods to push disaster warning, epidemic information and post-disaster animal epidemic prevention knowledge, guide farmers to do epidemic prevention management, improve the biological safety conditions of the farm, evaluate the ability of the farm to prevent waterlogging, and formulate emergency plans for the transfer of livestock and poultry.
The "Technical Guide" also mentioned that personnel should be protected well. Personnel engaged in immunization, cleaning, disinfection, and collection, transportation, and treatment of dead livestock and poultry should be aware of the protection requirements, and should wear protective clothing, masks, gloves, goggles, water boots and other protective equipment during operation. Disposable protective equipment shall be recycled and destroyed; recyclable protective equipment shall be disinfected. When handling livestock and poultry that are suspected of being infected with zoonotic diseases, individuals and the environment should be disinfected in time, and relevant personnel should undergo a health check, and if adverse reactions occur, they should seek medical attention in time.