Towards the goal of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality", this is a fierce race of new technology and new market competition——

　　Actively move towards the "3060" dual carbon goal

　　【Economy Interface】

　　Achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality is an extensive and profound systemic change in the economy and society.

The “3060” target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality has opened a new era of low-carbon. It is also like a “baton” with extraordinary power, which is driving the huge enthusiasm of the entire society and becoming a huge driving force for social transformation.

Government agencies, experts and scholars, and business decision makers have all taken active actions for this goal, introducing policies, devoting themselves to research, and investment layout.

　　How to meet historic opportunities?

What are the challenges on the road to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality?

How to achieve carbon neutrality through innovation, technology and market-oriented means?

The changes brought by the "3060" goal are beyond imagination. Many disruptive "redefinitions" are taking place. China will use concrete actions to fulfill its promises and achieve the goal of clean and low-carbon.

　　Accelerate the "switching channel" to clean energy

　　my country has proposed that carbon dioxide emissions will reach the peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, which is called the "3060" target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

　　With the "3060" target put forward, many energy central enterprises have planned their own timetable and roadmap to achieve carbon neutrality, and have accelerated their "switching channels" to clean energy.

The Three Gorges Group has determined to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040; the National Energy Group proposed that the new installed capacity of renewable energy will reach 70-80 million kilowatts; Datang Group stated that by 2025, the installed capacity of non-fossil energy will exceed 50%, and it will achieve carbon five years ahead of schedule. Dafeng; Huaneng Group will make every effort to build three major supports for new energy, nuclear power, and hydropower, and actively implement coal and carbon reduction...

　　To build "China's largest hydrogen energy company"-On April 13 this year, Sinopec Chairman Zhang Yuzhuo announced a new big goal.

In the context of the goal of "carbon neutrality", hydrogen energy is regarded by the industry as the ultimate clean energy, and major companies have stepped forward. At present, there are 26 central enterprises carrying out hydrogen energy-related businesses or layouts.

　　Data shows that currently, there are only more than 500 hydrogen refueling stations in the world, and there are more than 100 hydrogen refueling stations in operation in China, of which 10 of Sinopec’s hydrogen refueling stations are in operation.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Sinopec proposed to build 1,000 hydrogen refueling stations within five years.

　　Focusing on the vision and goal of building the world's leading clean energy chemical company, Sinopec has proposed to unswervingly move towards net zero emissions. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, 7,000 distributed photovoltaic power generation sites will be deployed. There are 160 photovoltaic power generation sites in Yunnan and other places.

Accelerate the creation of a comprehensive energy service provider for "oil, gas, hydrogen, and electricity services", and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 10 years ahead of the national target.

　　Coincidentally, on June 3, PetroChina issued the "2020 Environmental Protection Bulletin."

The communiqué shows that PetroChina's natural gas output equivalent in 2020 will exceed 50% for the first time.

The essence of "gas super oil" is the increase in the proportion of clean energy in my country's primary energy structure, which provides support for accelerating the transformation of economic development and the pace of clean energy replacement.

　　At the same time, PetroChina has placed new energy sources in a more prominent position, and hydrogen refueling stations have been completed and put into operation, and a new pattern of multi-energy complementarity is taking shape.

　　"The next 5 to 10 years will be an important window for the realization of the energy transition." Dai Houliang, Chairman of PetroChina, judges the future: the international energy supply and demand pattern is accelerating the adjustment, the green and low-carbon transition has become a new consensus, and the development of new energy has entered an active period. , Digital and intelligent technology promotes the reshaping of the industry.

　　PetroChina proposes to vigorously implement the five strategies of “innovation, resources, market, internationalization, and green and low-carbon”, seize the opportunities for the development of low-carbon transformation in the energy industry, actively deploy clean production and green and low-carbon business models, and follow the “clean alternative, “Strategic succession and green transformation” will follow the overall deployment in three steps, and strive to achieve carbon peaks around 2025 and “near-zero” emissions around 2050.

　　"A full-scale competition to quickly transition from an existing system based on fossil energy to a zero-carbon energy based on non-fossil energy is accelerating. my country must seize the innovative development opportunities brought about by the low-carbon transition." Chang and member of the National Climate Change Expert Committee Zhou Dadi pointed out at the Fifth Energy Internet Technology and Application Summit that the key to achieving carbon peaks in advance during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period is to take low-carbon transition actions as soon as possible and not delay the traditional high The transformation of carbon expansion cannot blindly increase carbon emissions.

Ensuring high-level consumption and utilization of new energy

　　Globally, dozens of countries have introduced policies and even timetables to ban the sale of fuel vehicles.

The "lane" is changing, and new energy vehicles are standing in the air.

In the first five months of this year, my country's auto market continued to grow rapidly, and new energy vehicles performed well.

According to statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, the sales volume of new energy vehicles from January to May was 950,000, a year-on-year increase of 2.2 times and a year-on-year increase of 94.2%.

At the same time, capital from all parties has entered the market to seize the new energy vehicle market.

　　Are electric vehicles really zero-emission and pollution-free?

This is a sensitive topic in the field of new energy vehicles, which has aroused heated discussions and concerns both at home and abroad.

Experts generally believe that emissions assessments must be made on the energy production process and the entire life cycle of the automobile production process in order to scientifically evaluate whether electric vehicles are clean.

　　Since the current source of electricity production for electric vehicles is mainly from coal-based thermal power generation, which generates smoke, sulfides, and high carbon emissions, and there are certain emissions in the production process of electric vehicles themselves, many voices believe that thermal power is used The electric vehicles in China are still not environmentally friendly, but they unify the decentralized combustion, and treat the symptoms rather than the root cause.

　　Under the “3060” carbon neutral target, non-fossil energy will account for about 25% of primary energy consumption by 2030, and the total installed capacity of wind and solar power will reach 1.2 billion kilowatts.

"To achieve the strategic goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, we must promote new energy to become the main body of power supply, so we must build a new power system, and take multiple measures to ensure the high-level consumption and utilization of new energy." Zhang Jianhua, director of the National Energy Administration, pointed out .

　　In the future, new energy vehicles will become truly clean products because they become the carrier of new energy power generation, and the attributes of vehicles will further evolve into mobile new energy energy storage devices.

“Charging electric vehicles by the power system seems to be a power supply task, but through technological development, including economic measures, it is entirely possible for electric vehicles to promote the improvement of system capabilities.” Zhang Jianhua said: “When electric vehicles are at a low point, the system will It charges; at the peak of power consumption, let the electric car discharge the system. An electric car may become an energy storage device of the electric system. If there are thousands of large-scale electric cars, it is a very favorable factor for the system In the future, China will accelerate the large-scale development of energy storage, promote the full digitization of the power system, build an efficient and intelligent dispatch operation system, and accelerate the construction of charging and swapping infrastructure."

Implement alternative actions to ensure energy security

　　"Carbon neutrality" means the end of a development era dominated by fossil energy and the beginning of a new era of green development.

Renewable energy will grow from a new force of energy green and low-carbon transition to a main force of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

By the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is expected that the proportion of renewable energy such as wind, wind and water in the increase in electricity consumption of the whole society will reach about two-thirds, and the proportion in the increase in primary energy consumption will exceed 50%.

　　However, new energy has the characteristic of relying on the sky for food. How to ensure future energy security?

　　During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the boundary conditions, development logic and development mechanism of renewable energy development will undergo a series of major changes.

Li Chuangjun, director of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Department of the National Energy Administration, pointed out that in the future, it is necessary to coordinate and optimize the development of new energy, vigorously improve the flexible adjustment capability of the power system, and build a long-term mechanism for new energy consumption.

　　"It is necessary to build a new power system and provide flexible adjustment capabilities to better absorb new energy. On the power generation side, strengthen the flexibility of thermal power transformation, including promoting the construction of pumped storage power stations and natural gas peaking power stations." Zhang Jianhua pointed out, On the power grid side, increase infrastructure construction and improve the ability to optimize the allocation of resources. In particular, the role of large power grid resources must be brought into play.

On the user side, promote the replacement of terminal electric energy, especially green electric energy, to improve the responsiveness of the demand side.

　　The National Energy Administration proposed that it will formulate more active new energy development goals, accelerate the implementation of renewable energy substitution actions, focus on improving the capacity of new energy consumption and storage, and actively build a new power system with new energy as the main body, and perfection will benefit the whole society Joint development and utilization of renewable energy institutional mechanisms and policy systems provide a strong guarantee for the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system.

　　Key enterprises in the electric power sector have taken active actions to solve the "bottleneck" facing the development of renewable energy with high-tech technologies.

By the end of 2020, the installed capacity of grid-connected new energy in the State Grid's operating area reached 450 million kilowatts, accounting for 85% of the total installed capacity of new energy in the country, and the utilization rate of new energy reached 97.1%. The goal of the National Three-Year Action Plan for Clean Energy Consumption has been fully completed. .

"To achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the development of new energy, and the promotion of energy transformation are the keys." Xin Baoan, chairman and party secretary of the State Grid Corporation of China, pointed out.

　　Achieving carbon peaks and carbon neutrality is a tough battle, and achieving low-carbon transformation is undoubtedly a fierce race for new technologies and new markets.

　　(Reporter Zhang Yi)

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　　Expert: "Dual Carbon" Target Leads Future Economic Development Model Reform

　　["Dual Carbon" Goal]

　　In September 2020, President Xi Jinping announced at the General Debate of the Seventy-fifth United Nations General Assembly: China's carbon dioxide emissions will strive to reach a peak before 2030, and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.

　　In December 2020, President Xi Jinping further announced at the Climate Ambition Summit: By 2030, China’s carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will drop by more than 65% from 2005, and non-fossil energy will account for about 25% of primary energy consumption. The forest stock volume will increase by 6 billion cubic meters compared with 2005, and the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power will reach more than 1.2 billion kilowatts.

　　"Carbon neutrality" generally refers to achieving net zero emissions of all greenhouse gases, that is, the emission of greenhouse gas sources and the absorption of sinks are balanced.

At present, the annual source emissions of most countries are much higher than the absorption of new sinks. Therefore, the main countermeasure to achieve the long-term carbon neutrality goal is to reduce emissions, especially for the energy system to achieve its own net zero carbon dioxide emissions.

　　The world's response to climate change is becoming more and more urgent, and many countries around the world have established long-term carbon neutral goals.

Such a trend will intensify revolutionary changes in the world’s economy and technology, reshape the competitive landscape of major powers, and also change international economic and trade rules and business development formats.

　　【expert's point】

　　He Jiankun, deputy director of the National Climate Change Expert Committee:

　　The new climate goal will become a long-term strategic orientation, triggering a fundamental change in the future economic development model.

"Carbon peaking" refers to the inflection point of the total carbon dioxide emissions and the decline thereafter, that is, a definite point in time for controlling the total carbon dioxide emissions from increasing to decreasing.

It means that by 2030, the consumption of fossil energy that emits carbon dioxide such as coal and oil will no longer increase in general, and it will be goal-oriented to force economic transformation and the use of new energy.

Carbon dioxide emissions must quickly turn into a continuous and rapid decline, and after another 30 years of hard work, we will strive to achieve "carbon neutrality."

The way to achieve this is to strengthen industrial structure adjustment, transformation and upgrading, energy conservation and efficiency improvement, speed up the transition to low-carbon and zero-carbon energy, and increase carbon sinks, that is, through afforestation, forest management, vegetation restoration and other measures, to use plant photosynthesis to absorb the atmosphere And fix it in vegetation and soil, so as to reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere through processes, activities or mechanisms, etc., to achieve net zero emissions of greenhouse gases from anthropogenic activities.

　　The adjustment of the industrial structure is mainly to save energy, and the adjustment of the energy structure is mainly to vigorously develop low-carbon clean energy.

On the one hand, by vigorously developing the digital economy, high-tech industries and modern service industries, the capacity expansion of high-energy-consuming heavy chemical industries such as coal power, iron and steel, and building materials will be restrained.

At the same time, through the upgrading of industrial technology, the promotion of advanced energy-saving technologies to improve energy efficiency and achieve technical energy conservation; on the other hand, it is necessary to accelerate the development of new and renewable energy sources to optimize the energy structure.

　　my country has renewed and strengthened its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target for addressing climate change. The reduction in carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP and the proportion of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption have both increased by about 5 percentage points. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, effective measures should be adopted to reduce or even offset the increase in carbon emissions due to economic growth.

The task is very arduous, and we must promptly formulate an action plan for peaking carbon emissions by 2030, and support places where conditions permit to reach the peak first.

　　The core of responding to the climate change crisis is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Energy-saving, green and low-carbon is the trend and future of world development.

To achieve the peak of carbon by 2030, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to strengthen the proportion of non-fossil energy and the decline in GDP carbon intensity indicators to show strong signals and policy guidance for the society of low-carbon transition.

Achieving a carbon peak by 2030 is a phased goal guided by the long-term carbon neutral goal. The earlier the carbon peak time, the lower the peak emissions, and the more conducive to achieving the long-term carbon neutral goal.

　　(Compiled by our reporter Zhang Yi)