Promote small and micro enterprise loans to achieve "two increases"
——Comments on the "Strengthening Financial Support for the Real Economy" Series ③
Our reporter Chen Guojing Qian Qingni
Recently, the executive meeting of the State Council proposed to further strengthen small and micro financial services to ensure that the banking industry achieves the growth rate of inclusive small and micro loans and the "two increases" in the number of households.
How to achieve the goal of "Two Increases"?
On this topic, the reporter interviewed industry insiders.
Accelerate product and service innovation
The growth rate of inclusive small and micro enterprise loans by large commercial banks has been maintained at more than 30% for two consecutive years. This year, five large state-owned commercial banks have set a goal of increasing inclusive small and micro loans by more than 30%.
Where is the stamina for achieving continuous high growth rates?
China Postal Savings Bank analyst Lou Feipeng said that the banking industry must first support old customers.
"There is no need for a mortgage guarantee. You can use it on the day you apply for the loan. It's so convenient." Jiang Kailiang, a small and micro business owner in Li County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province said happily.
Jiang Kailiang’s company has seen rapid growth in orders and insufficient liquidity this year, but it is difficult to obtain loans due to lack of collateral.
In the end, he learned that the Agricultural Bank of China has an "account e-loan" product, which is based on internal and external data such as account behavior, taxation, industry and commerce, and transaction flow of small and micro enterprises and their business owners, and is automatically calculated by the system for customers. Provide online self-service revolving loans.
This solved Jiang Kailiang's urgent need.
According to reports, the "account e-loan" product relies on big data analysis to reduce dependence on customers' "hard assets".
At present, this product has been launched on a trial basis in Guangdong, Hebei, Shanghai and other places.
“Bank-based financial institutions should accelerate innovation in products and service models to better meet the financial needs of small and micro enterprises, and strongly support corporate development and economic growth.” said Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of China Merchants Finance, said that financial technology innovation is a solution for small and micro enterprises. The difficulty and costly financing of micro-enterprises provide new ideas, especially the intelligent risk control technology based on big data, which not only expands the breadth of data coverage, makes the portraits of small and micro enterprises "comprehensive", and helps to improve the efficiency of small and micro financial services , Reduce labor costs.
Fintech innovation is also an important breakthrough for many banks to strengthen financial services for small and micro enterprises.
According to the person in charge of the Beijing Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, through cooperation with various industry information platforms, the bank has developed "settlement loans" with historical operating flow data as the core, and "bank tax loans" and "bank tax loans" with small and micro enterprise tax data as the core. Puhui Tax Loan" and so on.
Solve the first kilometer of small and micro financing
Experts in the industry believe that the key to the increase in the number of inclusive small and micro loans in the banking industry lies in the first borrowers.
"We must increase market development for first-lenders." Lou Feipeng believes that more original ecological customers should be developed, serving more small and micro enterprises, and focusing on supporting high-quality small and micro enterprises in areas such as technological innovation and green development.
This year's "Government Work Report" proposed to guide banks to continue to increase first loan customers.
The China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission clearly requires large banks and joint-stock banks to play a leading role in the industry, strengthen first-lender services, and strive to achieve that the number of new small and micro-enterprise first-lenders in 2021 is higher than that in 2020.
"The first loan difficulty is the'first kilometer' of the financing dilemma of private and small and micro enterprises. Increasing first loan households is of great significance." Dong Ximiao said.
Research has shown that after obtaining the first loan, small and micro enterprises are more likely to obtain loans in the future, and the loan interest rate is expected to decline, and the loan speed will also accelerate.
This year, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has made it clear that large banks will include first-lenders as internal assessment indicators.
Dong Ximiao believes that it is especially important to highlight the assessment of first-lenders.
If a bank incorporates the proportion of small and micro enterprises' first-lenders into its internal performance indicators, it will use first-lenders as an important service object in the service process.
The financial department may also consider appropriate subsidies for the first loan interest of small and micro enterprises, and the financial supervision department should consider relaxing the requirements for the first loan interest rate and non-performing loan rate.
Lou Feipeng believes that different banking institutions have different advantages in serving small and micro enterprises.
Large banks and national joint-stock banks can increase market research and product research and development from an industry perspective, while regional banks should give full play to their advantages of high compatibility with the regional economy and serve regional small and micro enterprises.
Establish a long-term financial mechanism for small and micro enterprises
How to maintain the continuity of serving small and micro enterprises?
Experts believe that the next step should be to start with fiscal, taxation, currency, regulatory policies and other aspects, strengthen financial infrastructure construction, establish a long-term financial mechanism for small and micro enterprises, and create a better policy and institutional environment for financial services to small and micro enterprises.
Lou Feipeng believes that maintaining the rapid growth of loans to small and micro enterprises not only requires banking financial institutions to better serve the real economy, but also to provide a better development environment in terms of finance, taxation, industry and commerce, and improve the development capabilities and quality of small and micro enterprises. Let financial institutions be more assured and more active in serving small and micro enterprises.
Dong Ximiao believes that while playing the "head goose effect" of large commercial banks, we will actively promote in-depth cooperation between large banks and small and medium banks, mainstream banks and Internet banks, financial institutions and technology companies, and accelerate the construction of multi-level and sustainable small and micro finance. Ecosystem.
"We also need to provide policy support for financial institutions to serve individual industrial and commercial households in terms of credit information." Lou Feipeng said that individual industrial and commercial households often have incomplete financial information. Localities must strengthen the construction of information platforms to alleviate information asymmetry between banks and enterprises. Problem, improve the accuracy of matching the supply and demand of financial services.
For the financial institutions themselves, Dong Ximiao believes that the incentive and restraint mechanism should be optimized, and the principles of due diligence and exemption, fault tolerance and correction should be implemented, so that grassroots institutions and customer managers "dare to lend, can lend, and are willing to lend."