Since the beginning of this year, the financial regulatory authorities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen have carried out special inspections on operating loans and found many cases of violations.
However, under the siege, there are still fund intermediaries acting against the trend, and the illegal entry of credit funds into the property market has been repeatedly prohibited.
Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen strictly investigate illegal credit
Purchase a real estate by paying the full amount in a lump sum, set up a company the next day, hold 100% of the shares, and apply for a real estate business loan from Shenzhen Branch of Ping An Bank for just 6 months after holding the real estate, with a loan amount of 2.26 million yuan; entrusted payment To Zhang's personal account in the Agricultural Bank, Zhang paid a total of 2.17 million yuan to Liu and other 16 people, of which 1.877 million yuan was paid to Liu to purchase a residential building on behalf of Zhong.
Behind the case investigated by the Shenzhen Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Shenzhen Z Real Estate Brokerage Co., Ltd. provided "one-stop" services for Zhong Mou's house purchase, business establishment, loan consultation and other links.
The Shenzhen branch of Ping An Bank, the lender, has not strictly reviewed the qualifications of operating loan borrowers and has not thoroughly checked the flow of loan funds.
In this round of rigorous investigations, the Guangdong region (excluding Shenzhen) banking financial institutions self-examined and found that the amount of problematic loans suspected of illegal inflows into the real estate market was 277 million yuan; the self-examination of Beijing banks found that personal operations suspected of illegal inflows into the Beijing real estate market Sexual loans amounted to approximately 340 million yuan; Shenzhen received 21 loans in advance of 51.8 million yuan for suspected violations, punished 4 institutions that violated regulations, and punished 14 persons responsible for accountability violations, with a total penalty amount of 5.75 million yuan; Shanghai has found 123 loans with 3.39 100 million yuan business loans and consumer loans are suspected of being misappropriated for the real estate market.
Through the audit and investigation, the Shanghai Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau found 6 typical cases of violations, including personal business loans used to pay the down payment for house purchases; corporate business loans used to pay for the house purchase in violation of regulations; consumer loans used for the bank’s housing loan down payment; Some shell companies concentratedly acted as entrusted payment counterparties, receiving multiple personal business loans, and some of the loan funds were suspected to be returned to borrowers and used to purchase houses; real estate companies illegally provided down payment funds to house buyers; loans from microfinance companies were used to subscribe for house purchases .
Fund intermediary still commits crimes against the wind
Although banks are rigorously investigating the inflow of operating loans and consumer loans into the property market, Banyuetan reporters have recently received multiple calls from fund intermediaries asking whether they need business loans or consumer loans.
The Banyuetan reporter's survey found that there is a significant spread between the interest rate of operating loans and mortgage loans.
In 2020, the operating loan interest rate was once as low as 3.80%, but the housing mortgage loan interest rate was around 5%, and the second set of housing will rise by 60 basis points.
Moreover, personal business loans can be applied for for 20 years, and repayment methods such as equal principal and interest, and principal and interest later can be operated.
Intermediaries told Banyuetan reporters that due to the current strict inspection by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the interest rate of operating loans has risen from 3.80% to 3.95% in the previous year to the current 4.15% to 4.35%.
There are still requirements for operating a business, and the practice of buying a "shelf company" in the past is easy to detect.
When the Banyuetan reporter asked how to get the money through the bank, the intermediary said that loans of more than 3 million yuan can be transferred to third-party corporate accounts, and loans of less than 3 million yuan can be transferred to third-party personal accounts other than oneself and immediate family members.
"You can provide the bank account. We don't change hands, but we need to withdraw cash to avoid supervision."
Intermediaries often seize the mindset of buyers hoping to obtain low interest rates and large amounts of capital, and instigate clients to avoid strict inspections by regulatory authorities.
-Instigate customer packaging companies and prepare contracts.
"We will provide templates to teach you how to operate. Consumer loans provide decoration contracts, luxury goods purchase contracts, and business loans provide contracts for computer consumables. If spot checks are found, we will cooperate with customers to provide corresponding materials."
——Two people handle mortgage loans and business loans separately.
"For example, when there was a new house purchase record last year and a business loan was just made, this kind of people will be spot-checked. Generally, state-owned banks check strictly, but small banks check loosely. It is recommended that the husband and wife handle the home purchase mortgage loan and the business loan separately."
—— Raise a "shell company" in advance for future use.
"Newly registered companies or newly transferred companies go to handle business loans, this kind of key spot check. Customers in need can register for company maintenance first, and they can be used for business loans after 3 months. Note that banks do not do entertainment For business loans in the industry, beauty and hairdressing industry, we will match the corresponding bank according to the type of business you have registered."
Supervision needs continuous efforts to rectify
Experts believe that it is necessary to intensify the crackdown on illegal intermediaries.
Banks must not only proceed from their own interests, and must strictly abide by the regulatory requirements; the regulatory authorities must also continue to maintain a high-pressure state, otherwise they will only fall into the water.
According to the investigation by the reporter of Ban Yue Tan, many people have a fluke mind about the risks related to fraudulent and illegal use of loans under the advocacy of illegal intermediaries: "Banks only conduct random checks and will not draw loans even if there are inquiries." If it's still not up, you can at most ask for credit."
"We must strengthen public education, improve risk awareness, let the public understand that fraudulent loans are illegal, and increase the cost of illegal misappropriation of funds by borrowers." A local regulator said.
For banks, the competition for credit is now fierce, and it is not easy to find a safe and reliable target. A real estate mortgage is even a high-quality customer.
As long as it meets the requirements in terms of the loan process, it is generally not a lot of trouble to check the flow of funds, and usually open one's eyes and close one's eyes.
Banks need to change their thinking of focusing on business development and lightly managing post-loan, earnestly strengthen their awareness of compliance operations, and improve their post-loan management capabilities.
Financial supervision must also be sustained and normalized.
Li Yujia, chief researcher of the Guangdong Provincial Housing Policy Research Center, said that in April 2020 and March 2021, Shenzhen conducted two special inspections on operating loans, but the amount of illegally inflowed into the property market operating loans was very small. Is it due to oversight or relaxation of supervision? ,unknown.
"With such data, there are only 40,000 to 60,000 active real estate intermediaries in Shenzhen, but how many financial intermediaries are there? More than 80,000. Real estate intermediaries and financial intermediaries are all eating real estate. It can be said that they This round of Shenzhen's property market price increase has played an important role. In fact, banks can greatly reduce these arbitrage behaviors as long as they pay attention to the post-loan inspection of operating mortgage loans." Li Yujia said.
(Reporter: Sang Tong and Wu Yanting)