Chinanews client, Beijing, March 8th (Reporter Wu Tao) The "14th Five-Year Plan" has a good start, planning first.

At present, the "Draft Outline" of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is being submitted to the two sessions of the country for review and discussion.

　　In the 74,000-word "Draft Outline", there are no specific quantitative targets for GDP and other "firsts", which has attracted widespread attention.

On March 8, the National Development and Reform Commission responded to many hot issues.

On March 8, the State Council Information Office held a press conference on the in-depth implementation of the new development concept to ensure a good start in the "14th Five-Year Plan".

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Why not set a specific GDP target for the first time?

　　Hu Zucai, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, stated at the press conference of the State Council Information Office that the "Draft Outline" retains GDP as the main indicator, and at the same time sets the indicator value as the average annual growth "maintained within a reasonable range and proposed in each year as appropriate." This expression is the first in the history of the five-year plan.

　　"Our country's economy has shifted to a stage of high-quality development. We cannot simply use GDP growth as a hero, let alone ignore the consequences of quality, efficiency and the ecological environment for economic growth. On the other hand, achieving modernization also requires reasonable growth, and development is still The basis and key to solving all problems, the "Draft Outline" has effectively addressed both needs."

　　Hu Zucai said that economic growth targets are mainly qualitative and implicitly expressed, which does not mean that GDP growth is not necessary. "For example, indicators such as unemployment rate, energy consumption intensity, and carbon emission intensity are related to GDP. These indicators Given the specific figures, it implies that we must work hard to keep the economic growth rate in line with the potential economic growth rate."

　　Hu Zucai also said that considering that the external environment is still uncertain in the past five years, not setting a specific quantitative growth target will help more actively, proactively and calmly respond to various risks and challenges, and enhance development flexibility. , Leaving room to deal with uncertainty is also conducive to guiding all parties to focus on improving the quality and efficiency of development.

Why do the people's livelihood and welfare indicators have the largest number?

　　The five-year plan is both a "state affair" and a "family affair."

　　According to Hu Zucai, the "Draft Outline" of the "14th Five-Year Plan" has the largest number of indicators for people's livelihood and welfare, and 7 of the 20 main indicators are people's livelihood and welfare, accounting for more than one third. The five-year plan is the highest, covering all areas of people’s livelihood, including employment, income, education, medical care, elderly care, and childcare. This fully reflects the importance of improving people’s livelihood and well-being.

　　In terms of employment and income, it is mainly to promote fuller and more quality employment and continuously increase residents’ income.

Implement the employment priority strategy, put the promotion of employment at the top of economic and social development, expand the employment capacity, improve the employment support system for key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and veterans, and help the disabled and zero-employment family members to find employment. , The urban surveyed unemployment rate is controlled within 5.5%.

Data map.

Photo by China News Agency reporter Zhang Bin

　　In terms of education, the main thing is to build a high-quality education system.

Newly renovated and expanded 4,000 primary and secondary schools; 20,000 kindergartens were built, renovated and expanded, and more than 4 million inclusive kindergartens were added. The problem of "difficulty in entering kindergartens" and "expensiveness in kindergarten" has been solved. More than 90%; the gross enrollment rate of high school education has increased to more than 92%; the construction of 100 undergraduate colleges and universities in the central and western regions has been supported, and the gross enrollment rate of higher education has increased to 60%.

　　In terms of medical and health care, it is mainly to comprehensively promote the construction of a healthy China.

Improve the universal medical insurance system, promote the provincial-level coordination of basic medical insurance, improve the medical insurance and assistance system for major diseases, implement settlement of medical treatment in different places, and actively promote the reform of centralized procurement and use of medicines and consumables, and effectively reduce the burden of medical treatment.

　　In terms of social security, it is mainly about keeping the bottom line, weaving dense nets, and establishing mechanisms.

Increase the basic pension insurance participation rate to 95%, realize the national overall plan for basic pension insurance, promote the provincial overall plan for unemployment and work-related injury insurance, relax the conditions for flexible employees to participate in insurance, and achieve full coverage of the statutory population of social insurance, so as to achieve “all insurances should be covered. ".

Gradually raise the basic pension standards for urban and rural residents, and promote the continuation of social security transfers.

　　In terms of elderly care and childcare, the main focus is to improve the "one old and one small" service system.

It is expected that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, my country will enter a moderately aging stage and will actively respond to the rise of population aging as a national strategy.

Vigorously develop inclusive elderly care services.

Develop an inclusive childcare service system, increase the number of childcares for infants under 3 years old per 1,000 population from the current 1.8 to 4.5, and encourage kindergartens to develop integrated childcare services.

What direction does the first basic research funding indicator convey?

　　Technology is the driving force for development, and industry is the vital foundation for development.

Accelerate the self-reliance of science and technology. In 2020, my country’s total R&D investment will reach 2.4426 billion yuan, accounting for 2.4% of GDP, which is the highest in history and the total amount is firmly ranked second in the world.

　　According to Hu Zucai, the "Draft Outline" of the "14th Five-Year Plan" puts basic research in a more important position and uses a special section to explain it. This indicator is also set for the first time in the text, which is the proportion of basic research expenditures to R&D expenditures.

　　"This proportion will be 6.16% in 2020," Hu Zucai said. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the proportion of basic research funding will reach 8% by 2025, which is very positive.

Calculate, it will be 150.4 billion in 2020, and it can reach about 280 billion yuan in 2025 (constant price in 2020). In actual work, it should be as large as possible.

This is a very clear direction, and we must pay more attention to basic research.

　　In addition, Hu Zucai said that the "Draft Outline" of the "14th Five-Year Plan" also set up a special chapter on security development for the first time, making specific arrangements for strengthening the national security system and capacity building, ensuring food, energy resources, and financial security.

Data map: The staff accepts household registration business.

Photo by China News Agency reporter Liu Ranyang

What are the new changes in urbanization and urban settlement policies?

　　Urbanization is the only way to modernization, the source of my country's greatest domestic demand potential and a strong domestic market, and an important support for building a new development pattern.

　　Hu Zucai said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's urbanization rate was between 60% and 70%.

"At present, there are still more than 200 million agricultural migrants who have not settled in cities, and some of those who have already settled still have the problem of low quality of urbanization. Promoting the urbanization of agricultural migrants is still the primary task of new urbanization."

　　Hu Zucai said that, on the one hand, we will continue to lower the threshold for settlement, and achieve "wishfulness".

We will relax restrictions on settlement in cities other than some mega-cities, and try out a household registration system with places of usual residence to promote the orderly settlement of agricultural migrants who live in stable employment.

On the other hand, promote equal access to basic urban public services for the permanent population, and achieve "equal treatment and everything."

　　Specifically, for cities with an urban resident population of less than 3 million, the settlement restrictions must be completely lifted; for Type I large cities with an urban resident population of 3 to 5 million, settlement conditions must be fully relaxed; for super large cities with an urban resident population of more than 5 million, Improve the points settlement policy, streamline the points items, ensure that the social insurance payment period and residence period scores account for the main proportion, and encourage qualified cities to cancel the annual settlement quota.

At the same time, the rural "three rights" of peasants who settle in cities and settle down are well protected in accordance with the law.

　　In terms of urbanization, Hu Zucai said that it is necessary to optimize the layout of urbanization and promote the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities.

Super-large cities must promote "slimming and fitness"; large and medium-sized cities must improve their functions; county towns must speed up filling up shortcomings and promote urbanization with county towns as an important carrier.

　　Hu Zucai also said that the overall quality of the city will be improved to promote livability and industry.

Promote to complement the shortcomings of public transportation, parking lots, charging piles, etc., which are strongly demanded by the masses, strengthen the construction of flood control and drainage systems, promote urban waterlogging management to achieve significant results, and complete the renovation of 219,000 old communities in cities and towns completed by the end of 2000. Digital technology improves urban governance and enables urban residents to enjoy a higher quality of urban life.

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