Author: President of Public Policy Studies, Xiamen University, Ministry of Education, "Cheung Kong Scholar" Professor Chen Zhenming; deputy director of the Public Service Quality Research Center of Xiamen University Li Deguo
In his important speech at the National Poverty Alleviation Summary and Commendation Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that we must put the promotion of common prosperity for all people in a more important position, be down-to-earth and work for a long time, and make more active efforts towards this goal.
Common prosperity is the fundamental principle of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will establish "the common prosperity of all people to achieve more obvious substantive progress" as one of the long-term goals of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035.
In the new era, we must steadily promote common prosperity and constantly innovate the new situation of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the era.
Building a well-off society in an all-round way and decisively fighting against poverty are not only our own business, but also a manifestation of the responsibility of a responsible great country.
In the new era and the new development stage, we must continue to strengthen institutional construction, improve the institutional system, strengthen the implementation of the system, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities in the new development pattern, and achieve sustainable, inclusive and lasting economic growth and continuous enhancement The people's sense of gain, happiness, and security will accelerate the realization of common prosperity for all people and provide the world with a sample of systems that take into account fairness and efficiency.
Build an institutional infrastructure for coordinated regional development
At present, my country is constructing a new pattern of dual-cycle development, which provides a new opportunity for solving the problem of uneven regional development.
To promote the economic development of underdeveloped areas as the goal, formulate differentiated regional development goals and strategic priorities.
On the basis of poverty alleviation policies, the infrastructure, public resources, ecosystems, human capital, history and culture of backward areas should be incorporated into the strategic regional development plan, comprehensive consideration, and overall improvement.
It is necessary to establish a more effective new mechanism for regional coordinated development, explore the establishment of higher-level specialized regional coordination agencies, form a normalized mechanism for regional coordinated development, and integrate more external resources through a strong coordination mechanism to improve the development of backward areas. Infrastructure, economic foundation and public services.
Explore a regional development model that places equal emphasis on industry and human resources, highlight human capital as the core element of economic development in underdeveloped areas, protect and enhance the regional talent pool in underdeveloped areas, and actively encourage college students, migrant workers, and rural sages who go out to work to return to their hometowns to start businesses. Support backward areas to retain college students who graduated from local universities.
Improve the inter-governmental fiscal transfer payment mechanism, strengthen the fiscal supply capacity of public services in backward areas, and promote the regional equalization of basic public services.
Establish a higher-quality urban-rural integration development system, mechanism and policy system, coordinate the promotion of urban circle construction, new urbanization and rural revitalization, promote the development of rural classification and characteristics, and create a circle-level development system that integrates urban and rural areas.
It is worth noting that the role of regional development strategy is to focus on development goals and fully mobilize the development enthusiasm of backward regions, so that they can use endogenous and exogenous opportunities more efficiently.
You can't put your hopes on major projects and embrace a "golden doll" at once. The correct way is to start from the local reality, make full use of the existing conditions, and firmly grasp agriculture and other infrastructure to achieve gradual development.
Deepen the reform of the income distribution system and strengthen the bottom line function of social security
Income distribution is the most important and direct way to ensure and improve people's livelihood and realize that the fruits of development are shared by the people.
At present, my country has the world's largest and most growing middle-income group, which has laid a solid foundation for achieving common prosperity by the middle of this century and building a modern socialist country.
Focusing on the relationship between fairness and efficiency, continue to “big the cake”, mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of various element owners through a more flexible and effective distribution system, implement a distribution policy oriented to increase the value of knowledge, and continue to increase the share of labor income. The proportion of national income.
For example, to promote the development of on-demand economy, expand the labor force with flexible employment, and expand the ways for low- and middle-income groups to increase income.
At the same time, efforts should be made to form a reasonable social wealth distribution system through active measures such as anti-monopoly, preventing the disorderly expansion of capital, and regulating excessively high incomes, and establish an institutional foundation for narrowing the income distribution gap.
It is also necessary to actively build an anti-poverty policy system that promotes employment, promote the development of public welfare jobs and sustainable development, and establish a linkage mechanism between the minimum guarantee and the promotion of employment.
In the link of redistribution, it is necessary to strengthen the bottom-up function of social security for the poor.
In accordance with the requirements of the bottom line, weaving dense nets, and building mechanisms, with social assistance, social insurance, and social welfare systems as the main body, a multi-level social security system has been comprehensively established.
Efforts will be made to create a large-scale assistance model that "the weak have some assistance", and establish a social assistance system based on minimum living security, supplemented by temporary assistance for relatively poor groups, and full participation of social forces.
Strengthen the effective connection between the rural minimum guarantee system and poverty alleviation development policies, and earnestly give play to the guarantee function of the rural minimum guarantee system.
Reduce differences in employee medical insurance, urban and rural residents’ medical insurance financing models, and treatment guarantees, gradually realize the provincial-level coordination of medical insurance funds, and promote the transformation of the basic medical security system to a national health security system with a wider coverage and a higher level of equalization.
Intensify the unemployment insurance policy to aid enterprises and stabilize jobs, and give full play to the role of unemployment insurance in "guaranteeing livelihood, preventing unemployment, and promoting employment".
Vigorously optimize the spatial layout and security level of social welfare service facilities such as child welfare, minor protection, mental health, and basic funerals.
Strengthen disability prevention and rehabilitation of the disabled, guarantee the employment rights of the disabled, and build an integrated service system for the rehabilitation, education and employment of the disabled.
Improve the public service system and enhance the individual's feasible ability to pursue a better life
The fundamental goal of socialism is to achieve common prosperity, but the journey is the sea of stars-to realize the free and comprehensive development of people.
Common prosperity is to enable more people to have the feasible ability to pursue a better life.
Therefore, we should improve the public service system and consolidate the micro-foundation of common prosperity from the perspective of improving the feasible ability of individuals to pursue a better life.
We must strengthen and regulate public services in accordance with the law, so that the government can promptly strengthen public service legislation in accordance with changes in the development stage, so that development results can benefit all people more and more equitably.
At the practical level, on the one hand, it is necessary to increase the adequate supply of high-quality public services, and strive to achieve a higher level of education, learning, education, labor, medical care, elderly care, and housing. To live and provide support for the weak will provide more adequate conditions for the people to have a high-quality life.
Coordinate the allocation of urban and rural public cultural resources and promote the empowering development of cultural undertakings.
Expand the supply of elderly care services, establish a multi-level supply system, prosper the elderly care supply business, and meet the diverse needs of elderly care services.
On the other hand, we must promote the balanced supply of basic public services, implement a series of urban and rural public service integration development projects, establish a long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation through education, health, and employment, and vigorously improve the basic public service capabilities of backward areas.
Promote the integrated design of urban and rural public service systems, and strengthen the integrated construction of public services between coastal areas and inland mountainous areas.
In short, the solid promotion of common prosperity requires not only to strengthen the research and deployment of systems that are urgently needed for national governance, to meet the people’s new expectations for a better life, and to establish a complete system of systems, but also to pay close attention to implementation, strengthen the system’s execution, and vigorously Advocate the work spirit of "do it right away" and implement the system and policy system that benefits and enriches the people and common prosperity to the "last mile".
It is necessary to strengthen the goal pursuit and accountability of common prosperity in the high-quality development evaluation index system.
It is necessary to strengthen the empowerment of science and technology, and use advanced technology to quickly and conveniently transform the people's good expectations for improving people's livelihood into a realistic picture.