China News Service, February 22. Zhang Taolin, Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said on the 22nd that at present, my country’s crops, especially grain seeds, can be solved on their own. The planting area of ​​independently selected varieties accounted for more than 95%, and it has achieved "China Food Mainly use Chinese species".

Data map: Aerial photography of rural rice fields in Guangxi.

Photo by Zhou Yigang

　　The State Council Information Office held a press conference on the 22nd to introduce the situation of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating agricultural and rural modernization.

Talking about the situation of my country's seed industry, Zhang Taolin revealed the above information.

　　Zhang Taolin emphasized that in general, the safety of agricultural seed use in our country is guaranteed and the risks are controllable.

Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's seed industry technology and industrial development have achieved remarkable results.

At present, my country's crops, especially grain seeds, can be solved on their own. my country's self-selected and bred varieties account for more than 95% of the planting area, achieving "China's grain is mainly grown in China."

The source of livestock and poultry such as pigs, cattle and sheep, as well as some characteristic aquatic products are guaranteed based on the domestic security. Now the core species of livestock, poultry and aquatic products have reached 75% and 85%, respectively. These are all for the stable production of grain and important agricultural and sideline products Provides key guarantee and support.

　　Zhang Taolin also pointed out that compared with the international advanced level, we still have to see that there are still many incompatibility and shortcomings in the development of our seed industry, which urgently need to work hard to solve.

　　First of all, from the perspective of variety level, the gap is quite obvious.

The current yield of soybeans and corn is not high, only less than 60% of that in the United States, and the planting area of ​​foreign varieties of vegetables accounted for 13%. Of course, the proportions of different varieties are different.

Among them, the import ratio of a few special varieties such as tomatoes and sweet peppers that are resistant to storage is still relatively large, exceeding 50%.

The breeding efficiency of pigs, feed conversion rate and annual milk production of dairy cows are only about 80% of the international advanced level, especially white feather broilers, whose ancestral breeders mainly rely on imports. The development level of these breeds is directly related to my country The quality, speed and efficiency of the development of agriculture-related industries.

　　Second, from the perspective of the seed industry itself, the problem is still quite prominent.

Mainly manifested in the insufficient protection and utilization of germplasm resources, including some local soil species and some rare and endangered germplasm resources, the risk of disappearing is still increasing.

The ability of independent innovation is not strong, especially in terms of breeding theory and key core technologies. Compared with the advanced level, we still have a large gap. The main enterprises of seed industry innovation are not very competitive, and there are small, scattered, low Reiterate some of these problems.

　　Third, judging from the requirements of the times, the situation is urgent.

Based on the domestic security of food and important agricultural products, the need to ensure the safety of the use of agricultural products is more urgent. The people have a growing demand for diversified agricultural products, especially some high-quality varieties and products with special functions are still lacking, and more high-yield products are needed High-efficiency, green, high-quality, water-saving, feed-saving, and machine-friendly (suitable for mechanization) professional and fine varieties.

At present, the world seed industry is ushering in a technological revolution in modern biological breeding marked by the integration and development of technologies such as gene editing, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence. We need to seize opportunities, accelerate innovation, and fight for the seed industry to turn around. Leapfrog development of the industry.

　　What's next?

Zhang Taolin introduced that the No. 1 Central Document has made top-level design and system deployment for the turnaround of the seed industry. It involves protection of germplasm resources, research on breeding, and market management of the seed industry, which are all links of the entire seed industry chain.

In general, we must adhere to the bottom line thinking and problem orientation, focus on the national food security and the "three guarantees" requirements of ensuring the quantity, diversity, and quality of important agricultural and sideline products, follow the law of innovation and development of the seed industry, break stuck points and make up for shortcomings. Board, strong advantages.

Specifically, there are mainly five aspects of work.

　　One is to preserve germplasm resources.

This is also the source of technological innovation in the seed industry.

We must expedite the investigation and collection of crops, livestock, poultry, and aquatic resources, and do a good job in these basic tasks.

Implement accurate identification and evaluation of germplasm resources, build a national germplasm resource bank, and establish a sound germplasm resource protection and utilization system.

　　Second, independent innovation must be brought to life.

This is the key to the development of the seed industry.

It is necessary to strengthen the research on core key technologies of the seed industry, especially the current major scientific and technological projects of modern agricultural biological breeding, in-depth implementation of joint research on crops and livestock and poultry breeding, and orderly promote the industrial application of biological breeding, and at the same time strengthen basic and cutting-edge research In particular, it is necessary to promote the construction of innovation bases such as Nanfan Silicon Valley.

　　The third is to strengthen seed industry enterprises.

This is a key subject for the development of the entire seed industry.

It is necessary to select a group of superior enterprises to give priority support, deepen the reform of "delegation, management and service" in the seed industry, promote the integration of production, education and research, and the integration of breeding, reproduction and promotion, and establish a sound commercial breeding system.

　　The fourth is to raise the base level.

This is the basis of provenance guarantee.

It is necessary to develop a modern crop seed production base, build a national core livestock and poultry breeding farm and aquatic original fine seed farm, and improve the emergency guarantee system for the supply of fine seeds.

　　Fifth, the market environment should be improved.

This is the guarantee of seed industry innovation.

To purify the seed industry market, the core is to strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. To protect intellectual property rights is to protect innovation, and to strictly manage varieties and market supervision.

　　Zhang Taolin said that in summary, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a seed industry innovation system, including the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, the industrial system and the governance system, and comprehensively improve the four capabilities of independent innovation, enterprise competition, seed supply guarantee and legal governance.