The "14th Five-Year Plan" proposes to develop service consumption and relax market access in the service consumption field——

　　Enjoying services, the largest room for consumption growth (entering the "14th Five-Year Plan"·Focus on new highlights of consumption①)

　　Li Jie Du Peng

　　The "Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and Long-Term Goals for 2035" puts forward a series of new goals and new deployments for "all-round promotion of consumption."

With a population of 1.4 billion, China's per capita GDP has exceeded 10,000 U.S. dollars, making it the world's largest and most potential consumer market.

Among them, there are more than 400 million middle-income people, the absolute largest in the world.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, where will we focus on promoting consumption?

What impact will it have on residents' lives?

What market opportunities will it bring?

We will launch a series of reports from today to analyze for you.

　　--editor

　　From medical and health care, education and training to tourism, catering, and housekeeping, service as a commodity is entering more and more ordinary households, and its proportion in consumption is also increasing.

　　Under the epidemic, telemedicine, online education, and smart sports are booming, and traditional services such as in-depth cleaning and car maintenance have also "touched the Internet", allowing consumers to experience the indispensability of services.

　　Many views believe that the largest space for future consumption is in the service sector.

So, what do you think about service trends?

How can consumption further release its potential?

"Service consumption is really more than expected"

　　What is your daily consumption?

In kind, service, which type of consumption is large?

　　"It should still be eaten and used to account for the bulk. There must be a lot of physical consumption, at least 60% to 70%." It was Zhang Haiyang who said this. His answer is similar to that of many people interviewed by this newspaper. .

　　Zhang Haiyang, 35 years old, lives in Jinan, Shandong. He has a family of five. The couple works full-time, the children go to kindergarten, the parents take care of them, a car, a house, and the monthly mortgage payment-such a family is in the city Quite representative.

　　Let’s take a look at the actual cost of a month.

　　Zhang Haiyang detailed the bill.

In-kind consumption: buying food, buying clothes and toys, car refueling, water, electricity, gas, etc., which add up to nearly 3,000 yuan; service consumption: family and friends gatherings, entertainment, children’s kindergarten, parents’ insurance, family medical care, In addition, the property and transportation...to be counted down, there are more projects, and the total is only a lot more than 3,000 yuan, but it accounts for the majority.

　　"It's really more than I thought. The main reason is that service consumption is not like physical consumption. I bought something invisible. I always thought it didn't cost much. This is really a lot." Zhang Haiyang said.

But he has a little feeling that it is obvious that now the living conditions have improved, and some money is willing to spend.

For example, in recent years, family expenditures have risen the fastest. They are family and friends gatherings, taking children to watch movies, and visiting amusement parks. They all spend money on relaxation, entertainment, and leisure; while children’s education and parental health have Conditions must be spent.

　　There are many categories and rapid growth. In fact, service consumption has quietly occupied "half of the country" of Chinese residents' consumption.

Statistics show that in 2019, China's per capita consumption expenditure in the service industry was close to 10,000 yuan, accounting for 45.9% of the per capita consumption expenditure of residents.

　　Looking closely at the sub-items, the growth is also obvious.

According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, per capita consumption expenditure on transportation and communication was 2,862 yuan, an increase of 7.0%; per capita consumption expenditure on education, culture and entertainment was 2,513 yuan, an increase of 12.9%; per capita consumption expenditure on health care was 1,902 yuan, an increase of 12.9%.

　　The shift from commodity consumption to service consumption is also an objective law of residents' consumption.

"At present, China's per capita GDP has exceeded 10,000 U.S. dollars, and the degree of satisfaction of material needs continues to increase, and the demand for spiritual aspects is also increasing. Service consumption mainly meets people's needs in this area, and the growth rate and proportion continue to increase." China Said Zhao Ping, vice president of the Institute for the Promotion of International Trade.

Insufficient supply imbalance is still prominent

　　In August last year, "post-90s" Jiang Bo started a business with a few like-minded friends, focusing on the elderly care industry.

"Our current main business is to provide elderly care planning solutions based on the needs of the elderly. Nowadays, the demand for elderly care is increasing, but many elderly people do not understand the nursing homes in the society. Our job is to provide convenience in consulting services. "

　　Both Jiang Bo and his companions were born in the elderly care industry. It is their past work experience that gave them insights into market demand.

Although it has not been in business for a long time, there are many customers and the company is already profitable.

In the future, they also plan to further expand their business to travel and vacation and housekeeping services related to the elderly, including home care for the elderly and rehabilitation for aging.

"Elderly care is now a sunrise industry, and many large companies are doing it. We are very optimistic about the future." Jiang Bo said.

　　From elderly care and childcare, health care to cultural tourism, education and training, the market in these fields has gradually increased in recent years, attracting more social actors to participate.

And from the consumer side, this is also the highlight of future consumption growth.

Vice Minister of Commerce Qian Keming said at a forum recently that the greatest space for China's consumption growth lies in the service sector.

　　Zhang Haiyang made an estimate of the family's future consumption, "In a few years, when the children are older, enrolling in extracurricular interest classes and tutoring classes is not a small expense. When the parents are older, the medical and health expenses will definitely be indispensable."

To say that there is something to worry about, it is that "the choice is still a little less on the market, either the price is too expensive, or the standard is not too standard."

　　With the rising demand for service consumption, its development shortcomings have gradually emerged.

In Zhao Ping's view, the current imbalance in service supply is still prominent, which has also become the main factor restricting service consumption.

　　"On the one hand, it is caused by the stage of economic development. As a developing country, China is entering the late stage of industrialization from the middle and late stages of industrialization. The scale and proportion of the service industry continue to increase, but compared with the people’s growing needs for a better life, The quality and level of development still need to be improved. On the other hand, compared with the manufacturing industry, the service industry opened up late and needs to achieve great development in further reform and opening up.” Zhao Ping said.

　　Dong Chao, director of the Research Institute of Circulation and Consumption of the Ministry of Commerce, believes that there are lagging laws and regulations in the field of service consumption in my country, unreasonable service network layout, shortage of certain business formats, unreasonable access conditions in certain fields, cumbersome license processing procedures, and insufficient supervision These issues restrict the development of service consumption.

Relaxing access and speeding up "touching the net"

　　How to tap the potential of service consumption in the future?

　　The 14th Five-Year Plan has clear recommendations to develop service consumption and relax market access in the service consumption field.

　　Zhao Ping believes that the current main areas related to service consumption are transportation and communication, education, culture and entertainment, medical care, and life service industries. Relaxing market access means further liberalizing investment in the service industry and providing more for enterprises to invest in service consumption. Opportunities, orderly expand the opening up of the service industry, and create more opportunities for foreign capital to enter the service industry.

　　"Especially in areas where current demand is relatively strong, such as health, elderly care, childcare, culture, tourism, sports, housekeeping, real estate and other service industries, we must accelerate development in a targeted manner to promote the equalization of basic public services." Zhao Ping Say.

　　On the one hand, it relaxes the “gate” of entry, and on the other hand, it adapts to the situation and develops.

　　Data disclosed by the National Development and Reform Commission shows that in recent years, China's online economy has developed rapidly, but compared with physical consumption, online sales of service consumption are still "short", accounting for less than 20%.

　　However, in response to the impact of the epidemic, the consumption of services such as medical care, sports, education, etc. has "connected to the Internet", ushering in new development opportunities.

"Online service consumption has begun to increase backfeeding offline service consumption, bringing online traffic to offline; it also makes consumers' lives more networked and digital, forcing the supply side of the local service life field to accelerate the transformation, and then promote offline Services continue to innovate and develop in business methods and formats," said Meng Wei, a spokesperson for the National Development and Reform Commission.

　　According to reports, the National Development and Reform Commission will work with relevant departments to further study and introduce new measures to promote service consumption, and actively develop new service consumption models such as "Internet + medical health", digital smart cultural tourism, online education and training, and smart sports, and guide traditional service enterprise lines. Integration of online and offline development.

　　For consumers, income is another key word.

"A lot of service consumption is non-essential consumption, and income elasticity is greater. That is, the higher the income level, the stronger the demand for service consumption." Zhao Ping believes that the reform of income distribution needs to be accelerated to steadily increase the income level of residents.

Efforts should be made to increase the income of low-income groups, expand middle-income groups, and enhance the service consumption capacity of the whole society.