The double-season yield per mu of hybrid rice broke new records-
What does 1500 kg per mu mean
Economic Daily · China Economic Net reporter Liu Lin Xie Yao
On November 2, the third-generation hybrid rice new combination experiment and demonstration base in Hengnan County, Hunan Province ushered in the production of late rice. The average yield of late rice was 911.7 kg per mu, plus the average yield of early rice measured in July was 619.06 per mu. Kilogram, the double-season hybrid rice developed by the team of "Father of Hybrid Rice" Yuan Longping broke through the 1500 kg mark, setting a new record again.
3,000 catties per mu can feed more than five people
On the morning of the 2nd, in the third-generation hybrid rice "Sanyou No. 1" experimental demonstration base in Qingzhu Village, the continuous rain did not block people's enthusiasm for harvest.
More than 10 academicians and experts from all over the country participated in the production test on site.
During the production test, the experts determined three test production fields by drawing lots, and supervised the test and acceptance of the whole process.
At 12:26, after a rigorous production process, the final on-site production results were announced, with an average yield of 911.7 kg per mu.
Prior to this, the average yield of early rice varieties grown in the same base was 619.06 kg per mu.
This means that the double-season yield per mu of hybrid rice grown in the same base has reached 1530.76 kg.
At the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, which is more than 200 kilometers away from the experimental base, 90-year-old Academician Yuan Longping learned about the scene through a video connection.
"For rice, the weather this year is very bad. In this weather, the late rice can reach a yield of eight or nine hundred kilograms per mu, which is a very remarkable result." After hearing the results of the production test, Yuan Longping was very excited. What does it mean to produce 3,000 catties per mu of seasonal rice? It means that I can feed 5 more people, and it also means that I am one step closer to my dream of enjoying the coolness under the grass."
Previously, the hybrid rice studied by Yuan Longping and his team repeatedly broke world records for rice yields of 700 kg, 800 kg, 1,000 kg, and 1149 kg.
It is understood that the third-generation hybrid rice technology is regarded by Yuan Longping as the key to breaking through the "ceiling" of yield per mu.
In 2019, the third-generation hybrid rice pioneer combination "Sanyou No. 1" was cultivated as single-season late rice in Hengnan, achieving a yield of 1046.3 kg per mu, achieving a major breakthrough in the yield of conventional ecological single-season late rice.
In 2020, in the same plot, continue to carry out the double-cropping late rice super-high-yield experiment.
After investigation, the number of spikelets per mu in the demonstration sites is more than 50 million, among which the amount of spikelets per mu in Hengnan is as high as 58 million.
Especially in this year's southern rice areas encountered extreme weather during the grain-filling period, the third-generation hybrid rice "Sanyou No. 1" showed strong cold tolerance and high yield.
The third generation of hybrid rice is super "resistant to fight"
"The characteristics of high yield, disease resistance, cold resistance, and lodging resistance are the advantages that the third generation hybrid rice generally has compared with the previous two generations. This is also the production test that can exceed the yield of double crop rice per mu under extreme weather conditions The key reason is 1500 kg." said Li Xinqi, the host of the third-generation hybrid rice project of the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center.
Academician Yuan Longping submitted the "Super Hybrid Rice Breeding Research Plan" to the State Council in 1998 and initiated the research on China's super hybrid rice.
At present, the National Hybrid Rice Engineering Technology Research Center has established a mature third-generation hybrid rice breeding technology system, selected a batch of third-generation hybrid rice sterile lines, and cultivated “Sanyou No. 1” and other strong and excellent combinations .
As a new type of hybrid rice, the third-generation hybrid rice is prepared by using common recessive male sterile lines as female parents and conventional varieties and lines as male parents.
The third-generation hybrid rice sterile line not only has the advantages of stable fertility of the three-line method (first generation) sterile line and the free combination of the two-line method (second generation) sterile line, but also overcomes the three-line sterile line The matching group is limited and the two-line sterile line breeding and seed production have the disadvantages of risk.
"This is an ideal way to utilize rice heterosis in the future." Yuan Longping said in an interview with reporters. Compared with the requirements of fertilizer and water for the previous two generations of hybrid rice, the third generation of hybrid rice seed production and propagation is very simple and the most prominent. Its characteristic is to give full play to its hybrid advantage, its own vigorous vitality can save farmers' cost and energy, and is more conducive to industrialization, from experimental fields to ordinary farmers.
Hold the rice bowl tighter
Food security concerns the survival of 1.4 billion Chinese people.
There is grain in hand, so don't panic in my heart.
The double-season hybrid rice yield per mu has exceeded 1500 kg, which is not only a major breakthrough in rice breeding, but also marks that my country's hybrid rice breeding technology continues to lead the world, fully demonstrating the national scientific and technological innovation achievements.
“Ensuring food security depends on increasing the yield per unit area and expanding the area. The annual yield per mu of double-cropping rice has exceeded 3,000 catties.'One arrow has two birds with one stone.' This not only increases the annual yield per unit area, but also promotes the expansion of the double-cropping rice area. This is to increase rice planting. Effective measures for the area.” On November 3, Yuan Longping’s team experts said in an interview with reporters that especially in the year of the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, the production of staple foods such as rice encountered extreme weather that has not been seen in many years. Hybrid rice research has achieved such results. It is even more rare.
Based on these results, Yuan Longping put forward the idea of the "3000 Jin Project", that is, starting from 2021, a double-cropping rice annual production target of 3000 Jin per mu will be launched in 8 southern provinces.
"This is of great strategic significance for ensuring my country’s food security and supporting the country’s construction and development. The next step is to make breakthroughs. The goal is to achieve a yield of 1,200 kg per mu of rice for one crop and 2,000 kg per mu for double cropping. 'Hexia Dream in the Cool'." Yuan Longping, who successfully completed the "big exam", once again proposed a new "exam question."