The employment situation in the first three quarters was better than expected-

How to achieve 8.98 million new jobs in urban areas

　　Han Bingzhi, reporter of Economic Daily and China Economic Net

　　At present, the employment situation is generally stable, picking up gradually and better than expected.

In the first nine months of this year, the country achieved 8.98 million new jobs in urban areas, which is close to completing the expected target of 9 million. The employment situation of key groups such as university students and migrant workers has stabilized.

This is mainly due to the basic effect of economic recovery, the hedging effect of the employment stabilization policy, the boosting effect of service training, and the joint effect of all aspects of society.

　　"With the joint efforts of all parties, the employment stabilization policy has been effective, the employment of key groups has been better guaranteed, and the overall employment situation has been stable." On October 28, at the State Council policy briefing held by the State Council Information Office, Human Resources and Li Zhong, deputy minister of the Ministry of Social Security, said that from the perspective of comprehensive statistical monitoring and research, the current employment situation can be summarized in 12 words-the overall situation is stable, gradually picking up, and better than expected.

Main indicators "one increase, one decrease, one rise"

　　Li Zhong said that since the beginning of this year, the employment situation in my country has been generally stable, which is mainly reflected in the three aspects of "one increase, one decrease and one rise":

　　One increase refers to the steady growth of new urban employment.

In the first nine months of this year, the country achieved 8.98 million new jobs in urban areas, which is close to completing the expected target of 9 million people for the year.

One drop refers to the gradual decline in the surveyed unemployment rate.

In February, the nationwide surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas reached a record high of 6.2%, and then the fluctuation fell to 5.4% in September, which was lower than the expected control target of around 6%.

A rise refers to an increase in labor market activity.

According to online recruitment data of human resources market institutions, after the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, market demand has fallen sharply. The number of recruitment needs decreased by 25.9% year-on-year in the first quarter, and has now turned from negative to positive.

　　Under the multiple challenges of the sudden change of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the tightening of the international economic and trade environment, and the increasing downward pressure on the economy, why can the employment situation remain generally stable?

　　In Li Zhong's view, the fundamental reason is that the Party Central Committee coordinates the promotion of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and attaches great importance to employment work and strong leadership.

Specifically, it is the result of multiple factors.

　　Benefit from the fundamental effect of economic recovery.

my country's epidemic prevention and control has achieved major strategic results, the resumption of work and production has been fully promoted, the economic operation has improved quarter by season, and the main indicators have restored growth. This has provided strong support for the overall stability of employment.

　　Benefit from the hedging effect of the employment stabilization policy.

Unprecedented tax cuts and fee reductions have stabilized enterprises and saved jobs.

Continue to deepen the reform of “delegating management and service”, encourage innovation and entrepreneurship, support the development of flexible employment and new employment forms, and expand new space for employment growth.

Focus on key groups such as college graduates and migrant workers, implement classified and precise policies, and strengthen the guarantee.

　　Benefit from the boosting effect of service training.

Relevant departments innovated and carried out uninterrupted employment services, and activities such as online "Spring Breeze Action", "Hundred Days Ten Million" online recruitment special activities, and Golden Autumn Recruitment Month were successively carried out.

Especially at a time when the epidemic was relatively serious, offline recruitment was blocked, and online recruitment played an important role, raising the market's popularity.

In addition, the in-depth promotion of vocational skills upgrading activities and large-scale vocational training have also buffered the risk of unemployment.

　　Benefit from the synergy effect of all aspects of society.

In the face of difficulties and challenges, various regions and departments have issued a series of policies to implement vigorously and take responsibility.

Many companies actively fulfill their social responsibilities and try to avoid layoffs or layoffs as little as possible. The vast majority of workers do not rely on them and find themselves employed and entrepreneurial.

Employment of key groups stabilized

　　Affected by the epidemic, the 2020 college graduates face many difficulties in obtaining employment, the market demand has declined, recruitment has been delayed, and job search has also encountered new resistance.

　　Zhang Ying, director of the Employment Promotion Department of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, together with relevant departments, will implement a series of actions such as employment and entrepreneurship promotion to provide continuous employment services for college graduates and promote market-oriented and socialized employment.

With the joint efforts of all parties, the employment situation of the 2020 college graduates is generally stable, and the pressure is reduced compared with the previous period.

　　"The most important job feature is to'unblock one channel and strengthen four services.'" Zhang Ying said that unblocking one channel is to unblock the channels for graduates to seek help, and to strengthen the four services is to strengthen job expansion, strengthen recruitment organization, and strengthen capacity improvement , Strengthen assistance for difficulties.

According to statistics, 2.8 million college graduates are currently employed by the public sector.

A series of special activities such as the intensive offline private enterprise recruitment month and joint recruitment of large and medium cities have released a total of 1.5 million recruitment positions.

At the same time, by expanding the scale of employment internships, 340,000 young people have participated in employment internship activities this year.

　　Data from the National Bureau of Statistics show that in September this year, the surveyed unemployment rate for people aged 20 to 24 with a college degree and above dropped by 2.4 percentage points from the previous month.

Zhang Ying said that many college graduates of 2020 are still seeking jobs, and college graduates of 2021 will also enter the job market.

In the next step, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will step up the implementation of policies, expand enrollment, launch a series of activities such as entrepreneurial support, internship promotion and "employment cloud services", and do its utmost to promote the employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates.

　　Under the influence of the epidemic, some migrant workers are facing difficulties such as hindering their migration to work, and increasing employment pressure.

Zhang Ying said that with the approval of the State Council, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and 15 departments issued special policy documents to promote the employment and entrepreneurship of migrant workers, and carried out a series of employment and training service activities to stabilize and expand the employment of migrant workers.

As of the end of the third quarter, there were 179 million migrant workers, an increase of 2 million from the end of the second quarter.

　　In terms of optimizing employment services for migrant workers, the top priority is to implement equal employment services.

Zhang Ying said that migrant workers can register for unemployment at the place of employment and insured area, and the relevant departments will expand the scope of unemployment insurance accordingly.

At the same time, the continuous online "Spring Breeze Action" and "Ten Thousand Days" online recruitment and other special service activities have actively promoted the development of offline recruitment activities.

　　In addition, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has implemented a vocational skills training program for migrant workers to stabilize employment, vigorously carry out training on behalf of workers, targeted job placement training, special training for urgently needed occupations, job conversion training and entrepreneurship training to meet the diversified skills improvement needs of migrant workers.

Statistics show that in the first three quarters of this year, 5 million migrant workers have been trained nationwide.

Significant effect of social security fee reduction

　　Market entities with hundreds of millions of dollars are an important carrier for creating jobs and absorbing jobs. When companies are there, jobs are there, and jobs are there.

At the meeting, Nie Mingjun, director of the Department of Pension Insurance of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, stated that as of the end of September this year, three social insurance premium policies have benefited 11.299 million enterprises, with a reduction of 910.7 billion yuan and deferred payment of social insurance premiums of 61.6 billion yuan.

In addition, the policy of lowering social insurance rates reduced corporate contributions by RMB 232.2 billion, reducing corporate costs in total by RMB 1204.5 billion.

　　"Especially in the second half of this year, while alleviating the difficulties of enterprises, the relevant departments have also included the difficult groups participating in social insurance into the scope of the policy. For example, the current pension insurance premiums are mainly paid in accordance with the lower limit of the payment base. Enterprises and their employees, as well as most of the flexible employees. The new policy stipulates that the lower limit of the payment base this year will not change, which can help these enterprises and individuals to reduce the payment pressure." Nie Mingjun said.

　　Nie Mingjun revealed that since 2015, my country has lowered corporate social insurance premium rates six times. The total unit premium rate has been reduced from 41% to 33.95%. The six reductions have reduced or exempted corporate payments by nearly one trillion yuan.

The reduction and exemption policy introduced this year is expected to reduce corporate payment by 1.6 trillion yuan a year.

In the next step, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will continue to strengthen the guidance on the implementation of the corporate social insurance premium reduction policy, so that enterprises and individuals will receive more benefits and add more vitality to economic and social development.