Liu Shangxi, Dean of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences: Fiscal policy must be more proactive and promising

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 25 -

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Yu Qiongyuan and Shen Cheng

　　Since the beginning of this year, in the face of a complex situation where risks and challenges at home and abroad have risen significantly, the proactive fiscal policy has become more proactive, focusing on doing a good job in the "six stability" and implementing the tasks of the "six guarantees", enriching the policy "toolbox" and creating a "combo "Fist" has played a key role in stabilizing the economy.

　　How to understand the new development pattern?

How to further do the "six stability" and "six guarantees" work?

In the next step, how can the fiscal power that is the foundation of national governance be used?

A reporter from Xinhua News Agency recently interviewed Liu Shangxi, president of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences.

Actively respond to challenges with a new development pattern

　　"Our subject this year is mainly about the various impacts brought about by the impact of the epidemic. The impact of the impact of the epidemic is all-round and unprecedented." As a senior scholar in the financial field for many years, Liu Shangxi combined his own research Talk about views on current economic issues.

　　Liu Shangxi said that under the epidemic, the global economy, trade, investment and other patterns have been and are undergoing major changes. The world is facing unprecedented changes, and the world economy has suffered severe impacts, bringing major challenges to the development of all countries.

China is building a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles mutually promoting each other, and it is precisely to respond to this impact and challenge.

　　"Building a new development pattern not only involves the adjustment of industrial structure, but also means a major shift in the entire system and policies. This change will not be achieved overnight." Liu Shangxi said.

　　He suggested that from the perspective of concepts, policies, especially institutional changes and adjustments, more efforts should be made to smooth the internal circulation.

It is necessary to further deepen the reform of the government itself, further accelerate the transformation of government functions, break through the blocking and pain points in various systems and mechanisms, optimize the business environment, and stimulate more development momentum and vitality.

"Six Stability" and "Six Guarantees" The key to protecting small, medium and micro enterprises

　　This year, my country has further proposed the "six guarantees" on the basis of the "six stability", and put more emphasis on keeping the bottom line and keeping the basics well, in order to respond to the impact of the epidemic and promote the stable operation of the economy.

　　Liu Shangxi introduced that from the research carried out by the Chinese Academy of Finance, one of the key issues to implement the "six guarantees" tasks proposed by the central government is to help small, medium and micro enterprises tide over the difficulties.

　　"Small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households are an important part of urban employment. These market players can keep their jobs; if they keep their jobs, they can keep their income; if they keep their income, they can really effectively protect people's livelihood." Liu Shangxi said. Now that there are more and more flexible employment such as self-employment employment, it means that we must change the traditional employment concept, further promote the adequacy, stability, and equality of employment, and improve the quality of employment.

　　According to Liu Shangxi, from the perspective of policies, the central government has issued more than 300 related policies and more than 800 local policies to protect the market entities of small and micro enterprises.

　　"There is no shortage of policies now. The focus is on how to implement these policies. To further strengthen policy evaluation, we must evaluate the effect of the policy, but also evaluate the policy itself, whether there are still some areas that need to be improved." Liu Shangxi said, if It is costly and difficult to enjoy the support policy, so such a policy is not implemented, and further improvement is needed.

Fiscal policy must be more proactive and promising

　　With the sudden emergence of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the fiscal revenue and expenditure situation in some regions is relatively severe, and grassroots operations are facing challenges.

　　"This year, the grassroots operations in some places are experiencing difficulties, and a major background is the impact of the epidemic. In some places, fiscal revenue has fallen sharply, and grassroots revenue and expenditure are facing greater pressure." Liu Shangxi said.

　　Liu Shangxi said that in the face of the impact of the epidemic, the fiscal sector is faced with dual tasks: on the one hand, we must live a tight life, make careful calculations, adjust the expenditure structure, and ensure fiscal sustainability as much as possible; on the other hand, even if the pressure on fiscal revenue and expenditure increases, fiscal policy We must be more proactive, hedge risks, effectively protect people's livelihood, and ensure grassroots operations.

　　"The central government has taken many measures, such as adding a trillion yuan in deficit and issuing a trillion yuan in special national debt to fight the epidemic, so that funds can go directly to the grassroots and relieve local financial pressure." Liu Shangxi said, in the complex domestic and foreign situations , A proactive fiscal policy must be more proactive and effective and maintain a certain expenditure intensity.

　　The increase in fiscal expenditure and the continued debt scale will bring risks?

　　Liu Shangxi believes that debt risk depends not only on the debt itself, but also on the effect of the use of debt funds.

"If the use of debt funds can form a virtuous circle with economic growth and the improvement of people's lives, then even a little more debt is not a problem; if this virtuous circle is not formed, even if the debt is less, the risk may increase. A comprehensive and dialectical assessment of debt risk cannot be one-sided and static on debt."

　　"In addition, how the government'spends good money' is still facing some challenges." Liu Shangxi said, from the survey, we have seen that financial funds are now following the project. This idea is correct, but it is necessary to further clarify that the project will follow. Whatever to go, really spend precious funds on urgently needed and long-term effective projects, on projects with economic and social value, and avoid spending money on projects, blindly paving the way for short-term goals, and setting standards.

We must focus on judging the economic and social value of fiscal expenditures in the medium and long term.

Only in this way can we hedge current risks and avoid risks in the future.