This year marks the 65th anniversary of the founding of China’s nuclear industry, and also the 50th anniversary of my country’s first nuclear submarine on-land mode to run at full power to generate China’s first degree of nuclear power. On August 24, the media activity "Into the New China Nuclear Power" organized by the China National Nuclear Corporation under the guidance of the Internet Evaluation Bureau of the Central Cyberspace Administration of China was launched in Sichuan. This is also an important part of the series of activities of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission News Center "Entering New State-owned Enterprises".
Hualong No. 1 Demonstration Project Exterior Scene
More than 100 kilometers away from Chengdu, in the depths of a large mountain, there is a base code-named 909. This is the location of my country’s first nuclear submarine on-land model reactor, where my country’s first nuclear energy was sent out. Now, Hualong No. 1 has been bred here, giving my country the world's leading third-generation nuclear power technology.
"The confidence and confidence of China's nuclear power from scratch, from weak to strong, was poured in this mountainous area in southwest Sichuan." According to China National Nuclear Corporation, which was born here and grew up here, now returning here to guard the base. According to Tang Bin, deputy base director of the Power Research Institute, the party and state leaders have high hopes here, and it also carries the dream of a strong nuclear power in the new era.
"Nuclear" builds the Chinese dream: my country's first nuclear energy is sent from here
On August 30, 1970, 50 years ago, my country's first-generation nuclear submarine land-based model reactor was officially completed. The first generation of nuclear industry people used their wisdom and sweat to fulfill Chairman Mao's great call of "Nuclear submarines will be built in 10,000 years." In the course of listening to the report, Premier Zhou Enlai mentioned nuclear power and said that the onshore model reactor "lays the foundation for thermonuclear power plants. In the future, if you have more fuel, you can build it yourself! If it succeeds, there will be an onshore nuclear power plant, which is the starting point for nuclear power. , We can do better in the future..."
Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Secretary of the Party Committee of China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute Wan Gang said when reviewing the development of nuclear energy in China, “China’s ability to develop and design a third-generation nuclear power technology with completely independent intellectual property rights, Hualong No. 1 is derived from China’s profound nuclear power technology accumulation over the past 50 years , And these core technologies cannot be bought."
It is understood that in 1958, when my country launched the nuclear-powered submarine project, Chairman Mao once made a bold statement: "Nuclear submarines will be built in ten thousand years!". In August 1965, my country's first-generation nuclear submarine officially began development. In the absence of external information to refer to and no practical experience to learn from, the older generation of scientists represented by Peng Shilu and Zhao Renkai, relying on their wisdom and the strength of unity and cooperation, succeeded in just a few years. China's first-generation nuclear submarine land-based model reactor was built.
"Without a computer, there is only a hand-cranked calculator, which relies on sliding slide rules and planning disks. On December 26, 1970, the first nuclear submarine independently developed by China was successfully launched. There are 46,000 parts on board, and the materials needed There are as many as 1,300 kinds, all independently developed, and without a foreign screw, our country has become the fifth country in the world with nuclear submarines." Wan Gang said.
"At the same time, the completion of the onshore model reactor has also given China China Land’s first nuclear power generation, which is of great significance to the development of nuclear power in China. Since the onshore model reactor was built, we have relied on our own strength and successively designed independently. Various types of research reactors have been built, laying a solid foundation of talents and technology for China's independent R&D and design of nuclear power," Wan Gang explained.
In 1980, the Nuclear Power Institute independently designed and built a high-throughput engineering test reactor with neutron flux ranking first in Asia and third in the world, providing a research and development platform for the development of nuclear power in my country. In the late 1980s, the Nuclear Power Research Institute successfully built my country's first pulse reactor, thus breaking the US monopoly on this technology.
When the country decided to build a nuclear power plant, the Nuclear Power Institute provided a large number of talents and technical support for the Qinshan Phase I Nuclear Power Plant and the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, and completed many important test verifications. In the bidding process for the second phase of Qinshan nuclear power plant, the Nuclear Power Institute finally won the bid in the design of the reactor and the main coolant system.
"In the next ten years of construction, the Nuclear Power Research Institute has undertaken not only engineering design but also test verification and scientific research, and has made important contributions to China's nuclear power autonomy in the fields of nuclear power plant reactors and primary circuit systems. Qin Shan Since the Phase II nuclear power plant was connected to the grid for power generation, its main economic and technical indicators have approached or reached the international advanced level, indicating that China has the ability to independently design, build, and operate large-scale nuclear power plants.” said Wang Conglin, president of the China Nuclear Power Institute.
"It was also during the construction of the second phase of Qinshan that we planted the seeds of the Hualong No. 1'China Core'." Wang Conglin recalled that in 1997, the main part of the second phase of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant was under construction, and the designed installed capacity was two units. 650,000 kilowatt pressurized water reactor nuclear power unit. One afternoon that year, in the 909 base, a two-story office building reverberated with fierce controversy. Mr. Zhang Senru, then deputy dean of the Nuclear Power Research Institute at the time, discussed China with more than 20 scientific researchers. The main technical parameters of the independent million-kilowatt nuclear power program. Although the second phase of Qinshan is still under construction, everyone was already discussing when China will have its own million-kilowatt nuclear power unit.
High flux reactor core
Wu Lin, deputy dean of the China Nuclear Power Institute, who has experienced the research and development, further explained, “In that seminar, China National Nuclear Corporation innovatively proposed the concept of the '177 core'.” It is understood that this design is not only The power generation of nuclear power plants can be increased by 5% to 10%, and the power density in the core is also reduced, which improves the safety of nuclear power plants. It may be difficult for them to imagine that the "seeds" planted at that time will blossom and bear fruit more than 20 years later and become Hualong No. 1-the third-generation nuclear power technology achievement with independent intellectual property rights in my country.
"From the concept to the construction of Hualong No.1, we have solved the problems of neck choking one by one." Wu Lin said, in Hualong No. 1 there are many stories about no longer being stuck.
The steam generator is known as the "lung of nuclear power". In the past, the design technology and intellectual property rights of the steam generator of large nuclear power plants were in the hands of the United States and France. In the early design stage of Hualong No. 1, relevant parties had talked with foreign companies about the purchase of third-generation nuclear power steam generator technology. However, the other party insists that if nuclear power technology using this steam generator technology is to be exported in the future, it must be approved.
"Faced with unreasonable demands from abroad, since then, the Nuclear Power Institute has been more determined to develop third-generation nuclear power technology with completely independent intellectual property rights." Wu Lin recalled that the Nuclear Power Institute has since raised funds and formed a research team to engage in Zhang Fuyuan, an expert in steam generator design research for nearly 30 years, served as the leader of the research team and expert team. Only 27 months later, the third-generation nuclear power ZH-65 steam generator for Hualong No. 1 came out.
National Business Card: Show the enduring vitality of Hualong No. 1
In recent years, focusing on "the highest standards, the best quality, and the best price-performance ratio", starting from the implementation of the Fuqing demonstration project in Fujian, the overseas project in Karachi, Pakistan has achieved zero breakthroughs, and then the road to mass construction in Zhangzhou, Fujian, Hualong No.1 The development path fully shows that the former lays the foundation for the latter, and the latter stands on the shoulders of the former to continue to inherit, optimize and innovate, and gradually become better and stronger.
Xing Ji, chief designer of China National Nuclear Corporation Hualong No. 1 and deputy general manager of China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd., said that the Hualong No. 1 unit built at home and abroad pays great attention to experience feedback, and even the construction of Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 and 6 The same is true between.
Indeed, it can be clearly felt from the appearance of the two units that the nuclear island of Unit 5 is cylindrical, while the cylinder of Unit 6 has a triangular slope outside. According to reports, on the basis of Unit 5, Unit 6 optimized and improved the construction technology of the containment structure, adding a steel structure supporting beam for the external water tank. This change can directly eliminate the need for more than two months to build scaffolding, reduce the difficulty of construction, reduce the amount of work, and further ensure construction safety.
“We continued to feed back our experience to subsequent projects when we built the first unit of Hualong No. 1, so that the units that are started later will be continuously optimized and improved in terms of safety and economy, and the indicators will be better.” Xing Ji said Every time he goes to the Hualong No. 1 project site, he is most concerned about the experience feedback. He often convenes the operation and construction units and the participating construction parties to communicate, solicit suggestions for improvement, and implement them in subsequent projects.
From the landing in Fuqing in May 2015 to the start of mass construction of Zhangzhou Nuclear Power in October 2019, the drawings of each "Hualong No. 1" unit were different during the construction. The most prominent change was the nuclear island plant except the containment. The double layer was changed to a single layer.
Panorama of Zhangzhou Hualong No. 1 Construction
"To maintain the vitality of the Hualong No. 1 brand, what we must do is to open cooperation and continue to innovate around the two dimensions of safety and economy." Xing Ji further explained that at that time the United States and France already had their own three-generation nuclear power plants and had already started construction. Construction. China must first solve the problem of existence and produce its own products, so it adopts a more conservative two-tier design. However, with the batch construction of Hualong No. 1, the design team carried out special research on the defensive capabilities of the single-story plant, and determined the engineering design plan, which greatly improved the economy. Therefore, the design of the single-story nuclear island plant was adopted in the Zhangzhou project. .
Xing Ji said that since the commencement of Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5, the design optimization of Hualong No. 1 has achieved remarkable results. Take Fuqing Nuclear Power Project and Zhangzhou Nuclear Power Project as an example. Based on the design plans of Fuqing No. 5 and 6, in the design of Zhangzhou No. 1 and No. 2 units, it is planned to implement more than 50 design improvements such as power enhancement, design and expansion of working conditions. Projects, and more than 100 design optimization projects based on the owner’s operating experience feedback, and fully absorb the domestic and overseas engineering experience feedback, so as to meet the latest nuclear safety regulations and guidelines, and improve the unit performance and operation and maintenance convenience.
Technology Empowerment: Hualong No. 1 Intelligent Manufacturing Starts a New Era
The builder of Hualong No. 1 under the scorching sun
Zhangzhou in August is extremely hot. The construction site of Zhangzhou nuclear power plant was full of people, but compared with the busy scene of tens of thousands of people at the construction site of Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 in the same period, the number of on-site operators was further reduced.
In this regard, Wu Min from China Nuclear Construction explained that this is mainly because the Zhangzhou project has carried out intelligent, automated exploration and transformation design during the general layout stage. The processing of steel bars has been automated, and the processing of embedded parts has realized robot operations. The job is done in the workshop.
It is understood that Zhangzhou Nuclear Power Unit 1 has carried out full-cycle planning at the project site since the start of construction, effectively improving the standardization, modularization, informationization, automation, and intelligence level of the project, and focusing on promoting technological innovation, efficient tool application and other technical optimization work , To achieve multiple optimizations such as safety, quality, schedule, and cost.
Among them, the steel lining is further strengthened on the basis of the modular construction of the Hualong No. 1 demonstration project. A large number of processing, assembling, and welding operations are preceded to the workshop and assembling site, which not only avoids crossover operations from top to bottom, but also makes the construction quality more reliable. , The construction efficiency is significantly improved, the construction environment is more comfortable, and the safety risk is further reduced.
Compared with the demonstration project, the outstanding feature of the Zhangzhou project is the extensive use of high-efficiency tools. Wu Min introduced that from the containment steel lining to the embedded steel bars, the stainless steel pool cladding and the embedded parts production line, the automation scope and degree of automation have been steadily improved, and the comprehensive application accounted for about 30%. Some core products such as the containment steel lining, The modular assembly of large sleeves and stainless steel pool cladding can be installed on site to realize full implantation applications. Especially laser cutting, automatic bending machines, crawling robots and other equipment are used in the construction of nuclear power projects for the first time, which not only improves the automation and efficiency of the production and installation of large steel components, but also greatly improves the stability of product quality, with an accuracy of 0.5 mm. The efficiency is increased by at least 2 to 3 times.
"Zhangzhou Nuclear Power has invested a lot in intelligence and automation. This is a good phenomenon. It can not only ensure quality, improve efficiency, but also reduce operational risks, and truly open a new era of nuclear power intelligent construction." General Manager of China National Nuclear Power Zhangzhou Energy Co., Ltd. Song Fengwei said that nuclear power construction must keep pace with the times and be good at using technological means, such as the introduction of modern technological means such as intelligence, automation, and informatization. If it sticks to conventions, it will be eliminated by the times.
New base construction: Hualong No. 1 mass production is realized here
The cold test site of Hualong No. 1 main control room
"Hualong’s demonstration landed in Fuqing and took off in the clouds." Since being transferred from Fuqing Nuclear Power to Zhangzhou Energy in April this year as Party Secretary and Chairman, Chen Guocai has been thinking about how to build Zhangzhou nuclear power and how to make Hualong, China’s independent third-generation nuclear power technology. Take off.
If Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 answers the question from scratch, Zhangzhou Energy is answering the question from existence to excellence. Chen Guocai, who has invested in the new battlefield, puts being stronger first, and his main focus is experience feedback and design optimization. "The bitterness we suffered in Fuqing, Zhangzhou can no longer eat, and we can't get stuck on the same problem." He said.
It is understood that as the world's first reactor of Hualong No. 1, Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit No. 5 is exploring the way ahead, forming many good practices and practices. Faced with these magic weapons, Chen Guocai combined China National Nuclear Corporation's strategic positioning requirements for Zhangzhou Energy and deployed specific measures at the beginning of the construction phase.
Chen Guocai said: “We must resolutely implement General Secretary Xi’s high-quality development, safe development, and ecological development, and adhere to the people-centered thinking. Not only do we need to build a power generation project in Zhangzhou, but we must achieve the leadership of Hualong technology. Zhangzhou Energy has become a new base of Hualong No. 1 and an important model for presenting China's third-generation nuclear power technology to the world and promoting Hualong No. 1. It is also an important strategic support for promoting and upgrading the development of China's third-generation nuclear power technology."
More importantly, Hualong No. 1 has not only laid the foundation for my country to build a nuclear power technology powerhouse, but also brought huge economic benefits and opportunities for transformation and upgrading to my country's equipment manufacturing industry. Hualong One contains more than 50,000 sets of equipment, involving more than 5,300 equipment suppliers. The batch construction of Hualong No. 1 in Zhangzhou will give full play to scale and integration effects, drive domestic equipment manufacturing companies to continuously improve their technology and management levels, and promote the overall transformation and upgrading of high-end equipment manufacturing.
In response, Yu Jianfeng, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Chairman of China National Nuclear Corporation, stated that under the new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the main body and the mutual promotion of the domestic and international dual cycles, the vigorous development of nuclear power is important to expand domestic demand and drive the high-quality development of the domestic cycle. Initiative. Accelerating the construction of a batch of nuclear power units such as Hualong No. 1 can expand effective investment, optimize the energy structure, and drive a complete industrial chain of the nuclear industry and optimization and upgrading of related industries. China National Nuclear Corporation will actively expand open cooperation, promote independent nuclear power brands to speed up the "going global", and accelerate the formation of a development pattern in which domestic and international markets, two resources are efficiently linked, and mutually promoted. (Written by: Wang Lisheng Anling Li Xiaoxiang)