Agricultural operation is stable and the rice bowl is held well (Ruijing Finance·Mid-year Economic Observation ③)

　　The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recently released data that this year's summer grain harvested again. The output reached 285.6 billion catties, an increase of 2.42 billion catties, an increase of 0.9% year-on-year, a record high; the output of meat, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables also maintained a high and stable trend. The bumper harvest of agriculture has made the Chinese people's rice bowls more secure and the Chinese economy has more confidence to move towards high-quality development.

　　Optimization of output increase structure

　　During the mid-year inventory, China's agriculture turned in a brilliant report card.

　　——Summer crops have harvested again, and the production base for autumn crops is better. According to the actual sampling survey of the main summer grain production area and the key survey of the non-main production area, the total national summer grain production in 2020 is 285.6 billion catties, an increase of 2.42 billion catties from 2019, an increase of 0.9%, a record high. Among them, the output of wheat was 263.4 billion catties, an increase of 1.51 billion catties or 0.6%.

　　——The agricultural planting structure continued to be optimized, and the summer grain planting area decreased steadily and slightly. All regions continue to adjust and optimize the agricultural planting structure, actively increase the planting area of ​​economic crops such as vegetables and rapeseed, and appropriately reduce the planting area of ​​summer grain. In 2020, the sown area of ​​summer grain nationwide was 393 million mu, a decrease of 2.724 million mu from 2019, a decrease of 0.7%, of which wheat was 341 million mu, a decrease of 4.102 million mu from the previous year, a decrease of 1.2%.

　　——Climate conditions are generally favorable, and the yield of summer grain has increased. Li Suoqiang, director of the Rural Division of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that during the wheat growth period of the main summer crops, the light and temperature of the main production areas are well matched, the wheat field moisture is suitable, and it is generally conducive to wheat growth and yield increase. At the same time, local governments have stepped up efforts to prevent and control pests and diseases, and strengthen the specialized services of "one spray and three prevention" in the later stage of wheat, so that pests and diseases can be effectively controlled. In 2020, the national output of summer grain was 363.8 kg per mu, an increase of 5.6 kg or 1.6% over 2019. Among them, the output of wheat per mu was 386.5 kg, an increase of 6.8 kg or 1.8% over the previous year.

　　The relevant person in charge of the National Bureau of Statistics stated that the summer grain production in the special year was again harvested, which laid the foundation for the stable grain production throughout the year.

　　Meat, eggs, vegetables and milk are stable

　　"With the orderly advancement of the resumption of production and production of livestock and poultry enterprises, the gradual smooth flow of livestock and poultry products and transportation of production materials, and the continuous improvement of pig production capacity, livestock production has steadily resumed." Li Suoqiang introduced, despite being affected by the epidemic of African swine fever and new coronary pneumonia, In the first half of the year, the national production of pork, beef, mutton and poultry meat was 34.89 million tons, a decrease of 4.22 million tons or 10.8% from the same period of the previous year, but the decline was narrowed by 8.7 percentage points from the first quarter, and the African swine fever and avian influenza epidemics were promptly and effectively disposed of; The output of poultry eggs and milk increased by 7.1% and 7.9% year-on-year respectively, effectively meeting market demand.

　　From the perspective of the supply of agricultural products, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs introduced that in the first half of the year, we will focus on strengthening the production and supply of agricultural products, carrying out "point-to-point" production and sales matching, mobilizing large-scale e-commerce, wholesale markets, leading enterprises, etc. to carry out emergency supply, food and important agricultural and sideline products supply In general, the quantity and price were kept stable, and the supply of "vegetable baskets" in large and medium-sized cities did not appear out of stock due to the epidemic situation. At the end of the second quarter, there were 339.96 million live pigs in the country, an increase of 18.75 million heads compared with the end of the first quarter, an increase of 5.8% month-on-month; an increase of 33.21 million heads, an increase of 10.8% from the end of the third quarter, which was the third consecutive quarter-on-quarter growth.

　　From the perspective of agricultural product prices, according to the monitoring of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the average monthly price of rice, wheat and maize in the first half of the year was 121.24 yuan per hundred catties, which was the same as the same period last year. The supply of pork continued to improve and prices fell for three consecutive months. Consumption-driven prices have risen for 6 weeks in a row. The average wholesale price in June was 42.1 yuan per kilogram, an increase of 4.1% month-on-month; the price of raw milk rose slightly, an increase of 2.64% year-on-year in the first half of the year; the national total output of winter and spring vegetables was 170 million tons, an increase of 2 %, the average land price of 30 major vegetable varieties fell by 8.4% year-on-year; the price of fruits first rose and then fell, and the average price of the wholesale market of 6 kinds of fruits fell by 13.4% year-on-year. The agricultural product wholesale price 200 index fell for four consecutive months after reaching a high point in February, and fell to 112.92 points in June, which was roughly flat year-on-year.

　　"Summer grain harvest has laid a very good foundation for the stability of grain prices and even the overall food prices. Grain prices currently do not have the basis for a substantial increase, it can be said to stabilize the basic plate." Liu Aihua, a spokesman for the National Bureau of Statistics, said.

　　Promote high-quality development of agriculture

　　The prosperity of agriculture, the beauty of rural areas and the wealth of farmers are the true portrayal of the current high-quality development of China's agriculture.

　　Agriculture is prospering—the rural industry has accelerated its recovery, and its ability to bring poverty has been significantly enhanced. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs introduced that at the end of March, the national agricultural enterprises had basically resumed work. At present, the production capacity has returned to the normal level. It is expected that the operating income of agricultural product processing enterprises above designated size in the first half of the year will be 6.2 trillion yuan. The online retail sales of agricultural products reached 247.62 billion yuan from January to May, a year-on-year increase of 54.3%. In the first half of the year, various forms of agricultural product exhibition and sales activities were held, which led to more than 20 million online transactions and consumer poverty alleviation actions. The cumulative sales of 63,000 poverty alleviation products identified reached 78.46 billion yuan.

　　Rural beauty-Green development has been pushed forward steadily, and the quality of agricultural development has continued to improve. In the first half of this year, the annual target of 40 million mu of northeast black land conservation farming was over-fulfilled, and chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency enhancement actions were continued. In addition, the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products continued to be strengthened, and the water level steadily increased. The qualified rate of sampling inspections in the first half of the year remained above 97.5%, the number of green and high-quality agricultural products increased, and the cumulative certification of green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products exceeded 46,000.

　　Peasants are rich—The situation of increasing farmers’ incomes has improved and employment and entrepreneurship channels have been broadened. In the first half of the year, the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 8,069 yuan, a nominal increase of 3.7%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points from the first quarter.

　　"In the first half of the year, the agricultural and rural economic operations were generally stable and stable, and effectively played the role of the "three rural" ballast stone." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that in the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will coordinate and promote the normalization of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic The key tasks of prevention and control and the “three rural issues” are to ensure that grain output is stable at 1.3 trillion catties and hog production capacity has basically returned to near normal levels, providing strong support for the decisive battle to overcome poverty and build a well-off society on schedule.