• According to Banco de España, the big losers of the Covid-19 economic crisis: women and young people under 35

"Women's income from work" in Spain "fell by 11% in the first year after the birth" of their first child. Instead, "men's earnings are barely affected by parenthood." And this impact "is even greater ten years after birth", with a " 28% child penalty ".

These are the figures calculated by the Bank of Spain, which today published the document The child penalty in Spain and which also offers a comparison of the Spanish situation with respect to other European countries. Thus, the aforementioned 28% penalty is " similar in magnitude to that found in Sweden and Denmark , and less than that of the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany and Austria". Especially high are the figures for the last two countries, since in the German case the penalty shoots up to 61% and in the Austrian the figure is 51%.

The reason for this notable wage gap is, generally and specifically in the Spanish case, that after being mothers, women reduce the number of days worked , either through shorter hours or directly working fewer days. The difference in this case, according to the BdE, responds to the educational level of the workers.

"Women with a university education react to motherhood more in the intensive margin [working part time], while women without a university education are relatively more likely to do so in the extensive margin [working fewer days]," the document said.

The document concludes that the reduction in the number of days worked by mothers in Spain is 9.8% after the first year, a figure that ten years later reaches 23%. In addition, women who have been mothers are 30% more likely to work part-time , while for men who have been parents the probability decreases by 8%. And to all this she adds that mothers have greater exposure to fixed-term jobs, while no changes are seen for men.

According to the criteria of The Trust Project

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