China News Service, June 17, according to the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and other nine departments have recently issued "Opinions on Deepening the Implementation of the Cultivation of Leaders in Rural Innovation and Entrepreneurship" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). The opinions set the overall goal, that is, by 2025, the rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment will be significantly improved, the level of innovation and entrepreneurship will be significantly improved, the innovation and entrepreneurship team will continue to grow, and the momentum of rural industrial development will be stronger. The leaders of rural innovation and entrepreneurship reached more than 1 million, and the administrative villages in key agricultural counties basically achieved full coverage.
Data Map: The Land of Harvest. Photograph by Wang Zhongju
"Opinions" clarify the focus of cultivation. One is to support migrant workers who return to their hometowns to start businesses. The rural migrant workers who return to their hometowns with the accumulation of funds, technical expertise, market information, and business acumen are encouraged to innovate and start businesses in the countryside with the appeal of the township, policy attraction, and career cohesion. Select a group of migrant workers with strong entrepreneurial passion to return to their hometowns, strengthen guidance services, and focus on the development of characteristic planting industry, large-scale breeding industry, processing and distribution industry, rural service industry, leisure tourism industry, labor-intensive manufacturing industry, etc., to absorb more rural labor force Employment nearby.
The second is to encourage entrepreneurs in rural areas. Create an attractive, sustainable, and well-done rural business environment, guide college graduates, retired soldiers, and scientific and technical personnel to enter the village and start businesses, apply new technologies, develop new products, develop new markets, and introduce intelligent innovation, Cultural and creative, agricultural innovation, enrich the types of rural industry development, drive more farmers to learn technology, enter the market, create brands, and enhance the level of rural industries.
The third is to discover talented entrepreneurs in the township. Dig up local talents such as "Tian Xiucai", "Tu experts", "Tian Chuang Ke", and skilled craftsmen such as rural craftsmen, cultural talents, and craftsmen to support the establishment of family workshops, handicraft workshops, and rural workshops, and create the "township" and "soil" "Famous" local characteristic products, protect traditional handicrafts, explore rural intangible cultural heritage resources, and drive farmers' employment income.
The "Opinions" propose to strengthen policy support. One is to increase fiscal policy support. Make overall use of existing innovation and entrepreneurship support policies to provide support to qualified entrepreneurs and enterprises returning to their hometowns and villages. Rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders can apply for it according to regulations. Encourage local governments to make overall use of existing funding channels and support rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders in establishing enterprises and expanding industries. Allow the issuance of local government special bonds to support the construction of eligible projects in rural innovation and entrepreneurship parks and incubation training bases. The rural pioneers who start their business for the first time and operate normally for more than one year shall be given a one-time entrepreneurial subsidy according to regulations. Enterprises established by the leaders of rural innovation and entrepreneurship who have settled in entrepreneurship demonstration bases, innovation and entrepreneurship parks and incubation training bases may be granted a certain amount of reduction or exemption for related expenses such as factory rent.
The second is to increase financial policy support. Guide relevant financial institutions to innovate financial products and service methods, and support enterprises founded by rural innovation and entrepreneurial leaders. Implement the interest discount policy for entrepreneurial guaranteed loans, and vigorously support the innovation and entrepreneurship of those returning to their hometowns. Give full play to the role of government financing guarantee systems such as the National Finance Guarantee Fund, and actively provide financing guarantees for rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders. Guide various industrial development funds and venture capital funds to invest in projects created by rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders. Promote rural loan financing models such as "Internet + Return to Home Business + Credit".
The third is to increase support for entrepreneurial land. Newly-developed county and township-level national land spatial plans and provincial-level annual land use plans should be used to ensure the protection of rural innovation and entrepreneurial land. Promote the reform of rural collective operating construction land into the city, support the comprehensive improvement of rural idle housing sites in rural areas, agricultural production and village construction combined land, village free land and other land consolidation, rural collective operating construction land, reclamation and retreat construction land indicators, priority It is used for innovation and entrepreneurship in new rural industries and new formats and returning home. It is allowed to explore innovative land use methods and to support rural innovation and entrepreneurial leaders in establishing new industries and new business formats under the premise of meeting the requirements of national space planning and use control, without occupying permanent basic farmland and ecological protection red lines.
The fourth is to increase talent policy support. Support and encourage scientific research personnel in institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, etc. to leave their posts to establish enterprises in rural areas in accordance with relevant state regulations, and allow scientific and technological personnel to invest in rural innovation and entrepreneurship enterprises at the price of scientific and technological achievements. Bring rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders and their required talents into the scope of local government talent introduction policy incentives and housing subsidies. Eligible rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders and their spouses, children and parents living together will be freed from restrictions on urban settlements, included in the scope of urban housing security, and increased supply of high-quality education and housing. Accelerate the construction of a unified national social insurance public service platform, and effectively handle the transfer of social security relationships for rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders and the talents they need.
The "Opinions" propose to strengthen entrepreneurship training. One is to increase training efforts. Implement the training plan for returning home entrepreneurs to start entrepreneurs, and carry out entrepreneurship training for returning entrepreneurs who have development potential and lead demonstration role, relying on ordinary universities, vocational colleges, high-quality training institutions, public vocational skills training platforms, etc. Incorporate rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders as key targets for entrepreneurship training, and support those willing to participate in entrepreneurship training. Those who meet the conditions shall be included in the scope of vocational training subsidies according to the regulations, and the required funds shall be disbursed from the special account funds for vocational skills improvement actions (2019-2021).
The second is innovative training methods. Support qualified vocational colleges and enterprises to deepen school-enterprise cooperation, rely on large agricultural enterprises, well-known villages and towns, colleges and universities to build a batch of rural innovation and entrepreneurship incubation training bases to provide careers for leaders of innovation and entrepreneurship returning home Basic platform for skill training. Make full use of modern information technology methods such as portal websites, remote videos, cloud interactive platforms, micro-classes, and integrated media to provide flexible and convenient online training, and innovatively set up product development, process transformation, new formats, risk prevention and control, 5G technology, and blocks Chain and other cutting-edge courses.
The third is to improve the quality of training. Actively explore entrepreneurial training + skill training, a training model that combines entrepreneurial training with regional industry. According to the characteristics of innovation and entrepreneurship leaders who return to their hometowns, develop a batch of specialty and demonstration training courses. Vigorously promote interactive teaching, case teaching and on-site observation teaching, and set up entrepreneurship experience seminars for rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders. Establish a professional, large-scale, and institutionalized team of innovation and entrepreneurship mentors and expert advisory groups, and establish a "one-to-one" and "teacher with apprentice" training mechanism.
The "Opinions" require that entrepreneurial services be optimized. One is to provide quality services. The county and township government should set up a rural innovation and entrepreneurship service window in the government affairs hall, open up inter-department information inquiry and mutual recognition channels, and provide one-stop services such as project selection, technical support, policy consultation, and registration agency. Governments at all levels should set up rural innovation and entrepreneurship webpage columns on their portals to promote the "one network communication office" of government services and the "one-click query" of support policies. Give full play to the role of rural industry service guidance agencies, and provide services for policy leaders, project consulting, land transfer, technology promotion, employment and other aspects for rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders.
The second is the aggregation service function. Strictly implement the requirements for the land use review of the park, and rely on modern agricultural industrial parks, agricultural product processing parks, high-tech parks, etc., to build a batch of rural innovation, entrepreneurship parks with strong rural characteristics, outstanding characteristics and complete facilities. Build a batch of rural innovation and entrepreneurship incubation training bases, Zhongchuang Space and Xingchuang Tiandi that integrate "production + processing + technology + marketing + brand + experience" in one, "pre-incubation + incubator + accelerator + stabilizer" industry chain Etc., to help rural innovation and entrepreneurial leaders to carry out upstream and downstream supporting businesses.
The third is to broaden service channels. Actively cultivate market-based intermediary service institutions, give play to the role of industry associations and chambers of commerce, form rural innovation and entrepreneurship alliances, and realize information sharing and group entrepreneurship. Establish the "Internet + Innovation and Entrepreneurship" model, promote rural innovation and entrepreneurship online, real-time and capital, technology, supermarket and e-commerce docking, using 5G technology, cloud platforms and big data and other innovation and entrepreneurship. Improve rural information, transportation, delivery, logistics lines and outlets and other facilities, and improve the logistics network system supported by three-level logistics nodes at the county, township and village levels.