As of June 8th, the wheat harvest in the main winter wheat producing area has exceeded 65%-this
year's summer grain harvest is in sight
Economic Daily · China Economic Net reporter Qiao Jinliang
Food security is a job for my country’s 1.4 billion people. Summer grain production accounts for a quarter of the total grain output for the whole year. Can the Chinese hold the rice bowl firmly in their own hands, first look at summer grain. At present, summer grains are entering a concentrated harvest period. More than 40,000 agricultural machinery service organizations and more than 3 million agricultural machinery operators across the country are investing in the mechanization of summer harvesting and summer planting. The daily harvest area exceeds 10 million mu for 12 consecutive days. The person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that this year's summer grain harvest is in sight.
Mai Lang billowed, and the sound of the machine rumbled. At present, in the main wheat production area of Huanghuaihai, agricultural machinery drivers chased the wheat wave with a harvester, and harvested from south to north across the region. For China with a population of 1.4 billion, the foundation of agriculture cannot be ignored or weakened at any time. Summer grain production accounts for a quarter of the total grain output for the whole year. Can the Chinese hold the rice bowl firmly in their own hands, first look at summer grain.
Wheat is the mainstay of summer grain and the second largest ration crop in the country. As of June 8, the main winter wheat producing areas across the country had harvested 219 million mu, the wheat harvest progressed over 65%, and the daily harvested area exceeded 10 million mu for 12 consecutive days. At present, the wheat harvest in Henan has entered the closing stage. The progress in Jiangsu is over 70%, half in Shaanxi, over 30% in Shandong, and over 10% in Hebei. The wheat harvest in Anhui, Hubei and Sichuan has ended. The person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that this year's summer grain harvest is in sight.
"Internet + machine collection" guarantee particles return to warehouse
The weather has been fine since late May. my country's summer grains have entered the concentrated harvest period from south to north, and the main producing provinces have successively harvested. "The weather is good this year, the wheat is ripe early, and the wheat harvest is about 3 days earlier than usual. More than 40,000 agricultural machinery service organizations and more than 3 million agricultural machinery operators across the country have put the summer harvesting and summer tube mechanization operations into the front line, becoming the main production of'Three Summers' Army." Zhang Xingwang, director of the Department of Agricultural Mechanization Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that this year, the total investment in machinery and tools has been steadily increasing, the operating level has been steady and rising, the operating market is stable and orderly, the wheat harvest is progressing quickly and the efficiency is high, in order to ensure the summer grain harvest Provides strong support.
In early June, in Dasunjia Village, Guoyang County, Anhui Province, Zhao Kai, a farmer from Weifang, Shandong, was driving a Lovol Gushen GM80 harvester. The local villagers broadcast the process live on a network platform. "This screen in the upper left corner is the Beidou locator, which shows the number of acres of operation, etc.; the screen below shows the running status of the machine. I know where I work on the cloud platform, and any faults will also be displayed on it." In the gap, Zhao Kaixin enthusiastically introduced the various high-tech of the harvester to the netizens of the online platform.
The harvester driven by Zhao Kai was produced by the agricultural machinery company Lovol Heavy Industries, which produced more than 60% of the wheat harvesters in my country. "The harvester is equipped with intelligent terminal equipment. Relying on these devices to build a cloud service platform, the regional distribution and real-time working conditions of the harvester across the country are clear at a glance. Combined with the big data of the Internet of Vehicles, weather data, regional operation progress, and the amount of agricultural machinery, we analyze The national road map for cross-regional operations is provided and provided free of charge to the community." Shi Haibo, director of the Lovol Service Center, said that the operation road map was updated 24 hours, which improved the income of agricultural machinery manual operations and ensured the timely harvest of summer grain. The company has also established an "online farming machinery" platform. As of the end of May, the platform has reached a total of nearly 40,000 online orders for agricultural machinery operators and growers, and completed an online booking operation area of more than 10 million mu.
Nowadays, many farmers feel that the number of casual flights that blindly go out to work has been significantly reduced, and the degree of organization of cross-regional operations has been continuously improved. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs opened the nationwide “three summers” agricultural machinery cross-regional operation information service platform, and established the “three summers” inter-regional operation command centers in major wheat producing areas. Agricultural machinery enterprises have developed an “Internet + machine harvesting” model. Provide accurate information such as supply and demand of operations, weather, transportation, health and epidemic prevention. The use of informatization means plus organization and scheduling are more efficient. The continuous daily harvesting area of the country exceeds 10 million mu, and the harvest time in the same area has been shortened from about 7 days to about 5 days.
While grabbing wheat, Xia Guan and Xia Bo immediately began. All localities vigorously promote green and efficient mechanized technologies such as returning straw to the field, no-till seeding and drying at the production site. According to the data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in the "three summers" this year, the total investment of agricultural machinery is sufficient, and the equipment is optimized and upgraded. 16.4 million agricultural machines of various types will be put into production service throughout the country. The crop harvesting, straw treatment, and drying of production areas will be carried out in one stop. It is expected that the wheat machine yield and corn machine sowing rate in the main producing areas of Huanghuaihai will reach 96% and 90% respectively.
Early detection and early prevention and control
It takes 8 months for winter wheat from planting to harvest. As the first crop to be harvested each year, summer grain production is subject to multiple factors such as weather, pests and diseases. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs launched a 100-day campaign to capture the summer grain harvest. In the past few days, the wheat expert guidance group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the expert team of the national wheat industry technical system have comprehensively guided all regions to increase wheat production capacity. The yield of wheat is composed of the number of ears per mu, the number of grains per ear, and the weight of 1,000 grains. What's the harvest this year? The reporter interviewed experts.
At the beginning of the summer harvest, Guo Tiancai, a consultant from the Wheat Experts Guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and a professor at Henan Agricultural University, made a special trip to Yancheng District, Luohe City, Henan Province. In the local high-standard farmland demonstration area, the harvester is busy in the field, and the threshing wheat grains are full. "In the agricultural technology extension station in Yuncheng District, the remote monitoring system can monitor the microclimate in the field in real time, collect moisture and insect disease information, and the field management and pest control are more scientific and efficient." Guo Tiancai said that this year, Henan wheat stripe rust and other diseases have occurred early and come violently. , But through early detection and early prevention, pests and diseases are well controlled. Compared with last year, the number of ears per mu of wheat in the province has generally increased, the number of grains per ear has remained the same, and the actual production of 1000-grain weight has also increased.
"Although the drought in the later period has a certain impact on individual regions, the overall growth of wheat this year is ideal. From the perspective of indicators such as the number of acres and thousand kernel weight, it is better than normal years, especially the overall performance of rice stubble wheat is better than last year, and the yield has increased significantly." Anhui Province Wang Jian, chief scientist of the wheat industry technology system, said that before and after the fall of last year, Anhui suffered the worst drought in the past 40 years. The province is centered on combating drought, promoting autumn planting, and protecting seedlings. It has made every effort to combat drought and ensured the completion of the 43 million mu wheat sowing task. Since the beginning of this year, in the face of the New Coronary Pneumonia epidemic, farmers across the country have been mobilized in different times to focus on top dressing, weeding, drainage, and prevention of pests and diseases to promote spring field management, and promote the continuous transformation and upgrading of wheat seedlings in the province.
The production of wheat is a matter of food. This year, the history of Anhui wheat scab prevention and control efforts and investment levels are rare. Starting in mid-April, Anhui implemented daily scheduling for the financing and control progress of Gibberella disease control in 15 major wheat-producing cities and 35 major wheat-producing counties. Yuan Song, the person in charge of the Anhui Provincial Plant Protection General Station, said that all levels of the province have increased investment in elements of financial security and implemented a total of 628 million yuan of financial funds for the prevention and control of scab, which is 3.1 times the previous year. The province invested 6,193 ruling and pest control organizations and 23,439 sets of modern plant protection machinery, and carried out a total of 86.928 million mu of scab control.
Order production to promote high-quality varieties
The bumper harvest has to increase. This year, my country continues to implement the minimum purchase price policy in the main wheat producing areas. Approved by the State Council, the minimum purchase price of wheat (third-class) is 1.12 yuan per catty. The relevant person in charge of the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau said that it is expected that the purchase price of summer grains will be mainly stable, and that some regions are more likely to initiate the minimum purchase price to implement the plan. All localities should strengthen the docking of agricultural enterprises, deepen cooperation in production and marketing, support and guide diversified entities to enter the market, and invigorate market circulation.
Henan is the first major wheat producing province in the country. In northern Henan, "Xinmai 26" has become the favorite of many farmers. Xiao Shihe, chief scientist of the National Wheat Industry Technology System, introduced that "Xinmai 26" is a strong gluten wheat variety, which has the advantages of lodging resistance, high temperature resistance in the later period, and fast filling speed. It is the 4 super strong announced by the national wheat industry technology system this year. It is one of the gluten varieties, which can replace imported strong gluten wheat and is widely planted in northern Henan.
This year, the area of high-quality special wheat in Anhui Province reached 22.98 million mu, accounting for 53.4% of the province's sown area, an increase of 14.4 percentage points over the previous year. In order to solve the problems of different wheat varieties and low benefits, Anhui Province has focused on 307 slices based on high-quality wheat and developed order production. Each piece of single variety is concentrated and planted more than 10,000 mu, and the total area of 307 pieces is 6.46 million mu, accounting for 15% of the province's wheat area. "In order to improve the efficiency of wheat, local governments have also strengthened the guidance for the fulfillment of high-quality wheat orders and aimed at the matching of production and sales. We have played the role of the country's first high-quality special wheat planting map, and guided various grain users according to the demand for wheat according to the demand to promote high quality and high prices. "Zhang Yun, director of the Plantation Bureau of the Agriculture and Rural Office of Anhui Province, said.
"At present, the country's summer grain harvest has laid the foundation for the annual grain harvest, showing the strength of stabilizing the Chinese rice bowl. Taking Henan as an example, the wheat yield per mu has exceeded 430 kg, and eating white noodles will not be a problem in the future. Let everyone not only eat enough but also eat well. While maintaining the important task of food security, we must actively promote structural reforms on the supply side, improve the quality of wheat, reduce water, fertilizers, and medicines, and increase the benefits of growing grain. Go up and achieve the unity of food security and high quality and efficiency." Guo Tiancai said.
Qiao Jinliang