What issues should be paid attention to when SMEs resume production? Which industries need help?
Smooth policy transmission and implementation of preferential measures (New Economic Orientation · Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Passing through the Border ①)
People's Daily, People's Daily reporter Tang Jiayi, Lianpin Jieke Kemeng
Nearly 50% tax, 60% GDP, 70% technological innovation and 80% employment ... SMEs are an important force in expanding employment, improving people's livelihood, promoting entrepreneurial innovation, and stabilizing the supply chain of the industrial chain.
The Politburo meeting held a few days ago emphasized the protection of market players and requested efforts to help small and medium-sized enterprises to overcome difficulties and improve their survival and development capabilities. During the special period, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has been impacted by the new coronary pneumonia epidemic. Helping them to overcome difficulties is a key part of implementing the "six guarantees" task. At present, with a series of policy combinations, many small and medium-sized enterprises are facing difficulties and pressing the accelerator for economic recovery.
This edition is launching a series of reports starting from today. On the one hand, it keeps track of the latest policies and their implementation in a timely manner. On the other hand, it dynamically focuses on the development trends of SMEs in key industries and deeply analyzes typical cases of breakthroughs in adversity. After the wind and rain, sunshine always promotes the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises. It still needs multiple parties to work together to overcome the challenges caused by the epidemic and promote the stability of the Chinese economy.
--editor
As the resumption of production and the resumption of business in various cities has accelerated, strengthening support for difficult industries and small and medium-sized enterprises has become an important starting point for the task of "maintaining the market". In order to help enterprises coordinate and solve practical problems in the process of resumption of work, the People's Daily "Leader's Message Board" United Nations Home Affairs Service Platform launched a platform for soliciting opinions and suggestions on February 8. As of April 29, a total of more than 45,000 messages have been received, with 37.9% of SMEs and individual industrial and commercial households involved.
Among them, catering, accommodation, wholesale and retail, transportation (taxi) and other industries have a higher volume of messages. Statistical analysis shows that the implementation of policies, shortage of funds, approval of resumption of work, tax reduction and exemption, rent costs and other issues have become the focus of attention of SME owners and individual industrial and commercial households. In this regard, the reporter interviewed a number of heads of industry associations, experts and scholars, and looked into the current problems and solutions in the process of resuming production.
Catering and accommodation to resume work
New model needs to speed up popularization
In the epidemic prevention and control, the catering and accommodation industry under the impact is pressing the fast-forward button of resuming production and resuming production. However, some small and medium-sized enterprises still face certain difficulties due to capital shortages, blocked raw material purchases, rent reductions and other issues.
A netizen in Tianjin said in a message on March 27: "I am a homestay practitioner, and I automatically shut down in January this year. I am facing huge financial pressure and I hope to be able to open business as soon as possible." Jinnan District Committee replied after receiving the message request. The epidemic prevention and control measures have been adjusted, and normal operations will begin on March 29.
A person in charge of a small restaurant in Chengdu recently said that due to the epidemic situation, the restaurant's daily turnover is sometimes only a few yuan. When the situation is good, it is only more than 100 yuan, and the monthly rent can be more than 6,000 yuan. Chenghua District Committee Online Recruitment: The rent during the epidemic can be resolved through consultation with the landlord. The small restaurant on the street can place light box advertisements to attract customers without occupying the sidewalk blind path.
Li Xinjian, a professor at the School of Tourism Sciences at Beijing Second Foreign Studies University, said: "Now the support policies introduced in areas such as rent, social security, and financial credit have alleviated the pressure to a certain extent. Enterprises themselves must also actively open up online channels, such as food delivery and accommodation. The pre-sales are all important directions that can be tried, deepen and transform in terms of quality, specialization, branding, chaining, etc., to enhance the ability to resist risks. "
Han Ming, president of the China Hotel Association, believes that after the catering industry resumes, the most important thing is to ensure cash flow and allow small and medium-sized enterprises to survive. The industry should further innovate models, speed up the digitization process, expand marketing channels, and use new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data to develop more products and services that meet consumer needs.
Great impact on wholesale and retail
Integration of the supply chain becomes the key
The offline wholesale and retail industry has been greatly affected by the epidemic this time. This industry is a relatively concentrated area for SMEs. The problem of unsaleable products has plagued some enterprises and local governments.
"Fans, vermicelli, and starch produced by our company are unsaleable. Since the loan of 800,000 yuan is about to expire in April, the sales problem needs to be resolved." Recently, a merchant in Fuyang, Anhui Province, reported that agricultural products are unsaleable. In this regard, the relevant departments proposed that they could help the owner of the enterprise participate in the agricultural products exhibition and sales activities, and suggested that they can open up the market through online live broadcasts.
The mulberries in Gula Town, Binyang County, Nanning, Guangxi are seriously unsaleable. Local netizens leave a message suggesting whether it is possible to buy a fruit dryer to dry fresh mulberries and sell dried mulberries. The government of Gula Town replied that due to the high investment cost of purchasing a set of drying equipment, the fruit farmers could not bear it and could not purchase it. The county will adopt policies to encourage new business entities to develop the mulberry processing industry and provide policy awards to them. Extend the industry chain.
In order to solve the problem of unsalable sales of agricultural products of merchants, the Ministry of Commerce and the Poverty Alleviation Office of the State Council jointly issued the "Notice on Effectively Handling the Poverty Alleviation of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Products", clearly focusing all efforts to solve the problem of unsalable agricultural and livestock products.
Han Wei, Secretary-General of the Modern Service Industry Branch of the Chinese Labor Society, believes that at present, wholesale and retail enterprises are facing multiple pressures such as demand restraint, supply shortages, and understaffing. On the one hand, we must actively adapt to the “Internet +” transformation trend and realize a large-scale online and offline combined sales model; on the other hand, we must seek to expand sales channels downstream, integrate supply chains upstream, and accelerate the construction of supply chain collaboration platforms.
He Wenlong, an associate professor at the International Business School of the University of International Business and Economics, analyzed that live streaming brings new ideas for the slow sale of agricultural products. Stars bring goods and cadres live broadcast to a large extent solved the problem of unsalable products of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households. But these are to help the product attract more customers by using external "halo". Enterprises or farmers should consciously create a brand image to further improve product quality.
Transportation is gradually normal
Industry confidence is recovering
The taxi industry plays an important role in alleviating traffic pressure, facilitating urban tourism, and increasing employment. Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the transportation industry is gradually normalizing. The taxi industry is facing excessive contractions and operating fees that are not reduced, and the government subsidies are not timely. The problems are being gradually resolved, and industry confidence is recovering.
"Will Tuyouqi's taxi charter fees be reduced?" Mr. Lan is a taxi driver in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Local taxis were temporarily closed during the initial epidemic prevention and control period. After resuming work, he left a message saying that he hopes to reduce the charter fee for a period of time. According to the actual situation, the Baotou Municipal Government Office and the Tuyouqi Government decided to reduce or exempt some individual operating companies from the three-month chartered car fee.
Zhang Zhuting, director and professor of the Development Research Center of the Management Cadre Academy of the Ministry of Transport, said that the Executive Meeting of the State Council on March 3 proposed to encourage localities to take periodic measures to reduce or exempt "member money" and other measures to help taxi drivers get through the difficulties. "This encouraging requirement has received positive responses from many local people's governments, transportation authorities, and taxi operators."
On April 13, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Notice on Forwarding and Supporting the Taxi Industry in Responding to the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic Situation, Maintaining Healthy and Stable Development Work Experiences and Practices," Supporting Taxi Enterprises in Reducing Fees and Concerning Caring for Taxi Drivers. According to incomplete statistics, since the end of January, dozens of cities have issued related assistance policies, which have overcome the difficulties with the taxi industry.
Zhang Junfeng, president of the China Taxi and Auto Leasing Association, said that the rate of taxi drivers is increasing, and the rate of taxis nationwide is more than 50%. It is recommended that local governments explore the introduction of preferential policies to help the integration of online car rental and cruise service Win-win situation.
Preferential policies need to be implemented
Enhance your company's sense of acquisition
To help small and medium-sized enterprises to overcome difficulties, many policies have been issued from the central government to local governments. From the netizen's message and problem-solving process, no matter whether it is funds, supply or sales, the key is to smooth the policy transmission, and grasp the "last mile", then the enterprise will feel a sense of gain.
According to a message from a merchant in a hardware city in Guangzhou, Guangdong, although the rent of the store has been reduced in February, the rent in March has to be paid in full, and there is also a management fee of 30 yuan per square meter. The policy of promising two months of reduction has not been implemented. . After being informed, the local authorities immediately ordered the hardware city to adjust the rent reduction plan to free rent in February and March, and the management fee of 30 yuan / square meter was cancelled.
An Internet software development company in Xilinguole League, Inner Mongolia, had insufficient liquidity during the epidemic. The person in charge suggested that the time for loan financing approval should be shortened and financial institutions should open online banking loans for small and medium-sized enterprises. After receiving the message, the relevant person in charge of the local financial office and the Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau said that they will gradually launch online application loans or online appointment loans, and the approval time will be compressed to one working day at the fastest.
"You can establish a long-term supervision mechanism for the implementation of policies, supervise the implementation of local support policies for SMEs, and incorporate the recovery and development of SMEs into the local government assessment index system." He Wenlong suggested that local governments should find out the region as soon as possible The common difficulties of small, medium and micro enterprises encourage mutual assistance and cooperation.
Fan Yong, a professor at the School of Finance and Taxation at the Central University of Finance and Economics, believes that in the period when more preferential policies are introduced, tax legislation or executive departments should try to make it as easy as possible when formulating and interpreting tax preferential policies. SMEs should learn to use the new policy in a timely manner. At the same time, to strengthen the supervision of tax law enforcement by all parties, it is necessary not only to "collect as much as possible", but also "to enjoy as much as possible".
(Feng Yatao participated in the writing)