The continuous supply of frozen pork from the central reserve is relatively stable and the price of pork has declined

The frozen pork from the central reserve has been put on the market continuously, and the pork price is relatively stable.

A total of 270,000 tons of reserve meat was put in 13 times

Still afraid of not eating enough pork? On April 2nd, 20,000 tons of reserve meat was put on the market again, and the people were given a "heart-pill." This is the 13th delivery of reserve meat this year, with a cumulative delivery volume of 270,000 tons. According to data from the Ministry of Commerce, the wholesale price of pork from March 23 to 29 was 47.57 yuan per kilogram, down 2.1%.

What does the 13 intensive stock meat releases show? What is the current market supply? The reporter launched an investigation.

"Buy cheap and affordable reserve meat, feel 'earned'"

——The meat reserve system is an important means to stabilize meat prices and regulate market supply and demand, which is conducive to stabilizing consumer confidence

Since last year, the continued rise in pork prices has caused problems for consumers. During the epidemic prevention and control period, although pork prices were still high, they did not fluctuate violently and remained relatively stable. The intensively invested central reserve meat during the year was a major help to stabilize pork prices.

Aunt Zhang, who lives in Beijing Heping, recalled that she had bought a central reserve meat in a supermarket two years ago. "The pork price was very expensive at that time. Other ordinary pork was more than 30 yuan per pound, but the reserve meat was very cheap, as long as about 20 yuan a pound." Aunt Zhang said, "You can buy such cheap and affordable pork when the New Year is approaching, I feel that I'm 'earning', and the government's distribution of reserve meat to the people makes me feel warm. "

Zhao Ping, director of the International Trade Research Department of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, introduced that putting meat in the central reserve is an important way to stabilize the price of meat in the event of a crisis, that is, to regulate market supply and demand through national reserves to protect people's livelihood and maintain social stability. "The meat reserve system was established in 1979. Since the 1980s, the central meat reserve system has been continuously improved, and it has gradually become an important means of implementing macro-control." Zhao Ping said, "There are two main purposes for establishing the meat reserve system. First, in the event of emergencies such as natural disasters, major sanitation, and public safety, it is necessary to effectively protect the basic needs of the people; second, through the deployment of reserve meat, effectively stabilize the market, stabilize prices, and avoid excessive price increases. "

Starting from the launch of 30,000 tons of central reserve meat on January 3, and the delivery of 20,000 tons on April 2, the central government has successively released 13 reserve meats this year, with a total of 270,000 tons. "In four months, the country has conducted 13 stocks of reserve meat, indicating that during the rapid rise in pork prices, the central government has paid special attention to maintaining the stability of pork prices, so as to avoid the rapid rise in pork prices and bring more people's daily lives. Big negative impact. "Zhao Ping believes that the release of reserve meat has a very positive effect on stabilizing pork prices.

From the perspective of pork demand, China's pork consumption in 2018 was about 55 million tons, which is equivalent to more than 4 million tons per month. "Although relative to the demand of more than 4 million tons per month, the cumulative amount of 270,000 tons in more than 3 months is not large, but for regions where meat reserves are concentrated, it can effectively alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand in the market in the short term and protect the pork Supply also has a positive effect on guiding prices to fall reasonably and stabilizing price expectations. "Zhao Ping said.

Liu Xiangdong, deputy director of the Economic Research Department of the China International Economic Exchange Center, believes that, overall, the purpose of the state ’s stockpile of meat is to stabilize consumer confidence and provide the market with more choices. "Because the stock of meat reserve accounts for a small proportion of market consumption, the change in market supply and demand will not be too great, but it can really alleviate panic by guiding expectations and at the same time play a role in combating hoarding."

"It is basically the same as ordinary pork"

——Some consumers have doubts about the reserve meat and prefer to buy ordinary fresh meat. In fact, the quality of the reserve meat is completely guaranteed

The reporter came to the Beijing Future Fresh Heping Street store on the weekend. A batch of fresh pork is displayed in the refrigerated freezer. No reserve meat has been seen for the time being.

Master Li, who sells meat, told reporters that the supermarket had a batch of stocked meat purchased before the New Year. The sales were good at the time, but ordinary pork sold better in comparison. "Most consumers prefer ordinary cold meat, because the reserve meat is mostly frozen pork, and many customers feel that the taste may be worse." Master Li said, "But in fact, I have tasted it myself many times, both taste There is really no difference, but people do n’t know enough about it. "

Sister Liu, who lives near the supermarket, is picking pork in the freezer in front of Master Li. When asked about reserved meat, Sister Liu said, "I have heard of reserved meat, but currently the fresh pork in the supermarket has been normally supplied and the price is stable, so it is still Willing to buy fresh meat. "

Liu Xiangdong said that many consumers do not yet understand the national reserve meat system, and even less understand the source and quality of reserve meat, so they will have some concerns about its quality. In fact, the national reserve meat system takes into account both living and frozen meat reserves, and the reserve meat put on the market is not necessarily all frozen meat, and part of it is cold fresh meat. "Moreover, the stock meat that the country puts on the market is certified by the quarantine quality and is guaranteed by the national credibility, so consumers don't have to worry about the quality of the stock meat." Liu Xiangdong said.

Industry insiders pointed out that the live pigs and frozen meat that are stored in the meat are not kept or frozen all the time, but are constantly replaced in order to ensure the freshness of the meat. The meat that the residents eat is only frozen for about 4 months. In principle, live animals are reserved for 3 rounds per year, and each round is stored for about 4 months, and it is rotated in time according to the fattening situation. In principle, frozen pork is reserved for 3 rounds per year, and the rotation is completed every 4 months. Frozen beef and frozen lamb are not rotated in principle. Each round is stored for about 8 months.

In addition, the state also implements the qualification review and dynamic management system for storage enterprises, establishes a reserve hog monitoring system, and manages and monitors the basic conditions of the storage enterprises and the dynamic management information of reserve hogs. In the stocking structure of hoarding enterprises, the undertaking enterprises must reach more than 50% of live pigs over 30 kg, over 40% of live pigs over 60 kg, and over 10% of live pigs over 85 kg.

To eliminate consumers ’doubts and misunderstandings about stored meat, Zhao Ping believes that first of all, it is necessary to increase publicity efforts so that consumers have a better understanding of the process of purchasing, storing, and selling central reserve meat. The national certification statement is made on the basis of the traceability mechanism to let consumers know the information such as the pork storage time and product number, so as to avoid the wrong perception that consumers have stored meat as "zombie meat." Secondly, celebrity celebrity chefs and famous restaurants can also be invited to make some dishes that use reserve meat, and people's wrong perception of frozen pork can be changed through the comparison of nutrition experiments.

Sufficient market supply, meat prices fell

——The meat reserve system still needs to be continuously improved, with innovative mechanisms and transparent information to make consumers more pragmatic

The front tip of pork is 29.9 yuan / jin, the rear tip is 32.9 yuan / jin, and the peeled Tongji is 43.9 yuan / jin ... The reporter saw in Beijing Future Fresh Supermarket that the price of pork has dropped significantly compared to the beginning of the year.

At the press conference of the State Council Joint Defense and Joint Control Mechanism on March 28 to restore the circulation of commodities and commercial order, Wang Bin, head of the Consumer Promotion Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said that the current Chinese market is generally well-supplied, prices have fallen steadily, and market sales have touched Bottom up. Since March, the prices of grain, oil, meat, poultry and eggs, vegetables and other necessities have all dropped. The wholesale price of vegetables on March 27 has fallen by 16.5% from the end of February, and the price of pork has fallen by 7.4% from the high point in mid-February.

Liu Xiangdong said that the recent price of pork has dropped to a certain extent, and the reasons must be analyzed from both supply and demand. According to the monitoring of 400 designated counties in the country by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the number of breeding sows in February increased by 1.7% month-on-month, a five-month sequential increase and a 10.0% increase from September last year. There are 27 provinces nationwide where the number of capable sows has increased month-on-month, an increase of 5 provinces from January. "From the supply side, last year, the country's measures to increase pork production stability and guarantee supply played an effective role. The supply of live pigs began to gradually increase, effectively alleviating the problem of tight supply." Liu Xiangdong said, "From the demand side, affected by the epidemic, catering, etc. The consumption in the service industry has fallen sharply, and the consumption demand for pork has also decreased significantly, so prices will naturally fall. "

Liu Xiangdong believes that in the short term, the 12 consecutive releases of pork in the central reserve have effectively eased the contradiction between supply and demand in the pork market, thereby stabilizing price expectations. However, at present, China ’s meat reserve system is still facing limited scale, delivery timing and reserve updates And many other issues. "The reserve meat system focuses on short-term adjustment of market supply and demand to suppress price fluctuations, but it will not change the long-term trend of market supply and demand. Therefore, on the basis of further market predictions, it is necessary to determine the reasonable size and rotation cycle of reserve meat. Improve the accuracy of adjustments put on the market. "Liu Xiangdong said.

In the future, how can we innovate the meat reserve mechanism and improve it continuously?

Zhao Ping said, first of all, we must continue to strictly control the quality of the central reserve meat. "When collecting and storing, we must strictly control the quality of the reserve meat, conduct regular inspections on each batch of reserve pork, and avoid the receipt and storage of unqualified products, so as to ensure that the quality and quantity of the central reserve meat can timely and effectively protect market demand. Zhao Ping said, "Second, the living reserve system of pigs should be further improved according to the consumption characteristics of Chinese residents who like cold meat, and the government ’s ability to respond to emergencies and risks should be improved to ensure that the pork supply is not out of stock at all times. . "

Regarding the innovation of the reserve meat system, Liu Xiangdong believes that the traceability mechanism of the reserve meat should be improved, including the production environment, slaughter time, freezing time and delivery channel, etc., so that the information is transparent and consumers can rest assured. At the same time, the reserve meat must be put on the market to ensure the quality and price, and a reasonable price should be set according to the quality of the meat; the rotation time of frozen meat must also be perfected, and the reserve adjustments should be updated in time.

Kong Dechen