In Zhongguancun, Beijing, two high-tech achievements that happened to be "hit names" have recently attracted attention: one is the world's first heterogeneous fusion chip that combines computer and brain science-the "natural machine" type of brain chip, which was boarded last year. The cover of the world's authoritative academic journal "Nature"; the other is currently the only orthopedic robot in the world that can perform spinal full-segment, pelvic and limb fracture surgery-"Teana", has performed more than 8,000 operations across the country.
In the opinion of Zhai Lixin, the director of the Zhongguancun Management Committee, "These two" hit-name "achievements happen to reflect the innovative features of Zhongguancun's" dominant position ", aiming at the forefront of world science and technology, overcoming key core technologies, and serving the lives of the people. "According to preliminary statistics, in 2019, Zhongguancun Demonstration Zone achieved a total income of 6.5 trillion yuan, and a total of 566 companies graduated from hard technology incubation. 32 domestic and overseas listed companies were added, the most in the past 10 years.
As one of China's and the world's innovation landmarks, Zhongguancun's vigorous innovation climate is a microcosm of China's increasingly leading role in science and technology innovation. In 2019, China ranked 14th in the global innovation index, up 3 places from the previous year. China's investment in innovation has continued to increase. In 2019, the national R & D expenditure increased by 10.5% over the previous year, and its ratio to GDP was 2.19%. Innovative achievements also continue to emerge. Chang'e 4 probe successfully landed on the back of the moon for the first time in the world. Long March 5 distant third launch vehicle successfully launched. Xuelong 2 made its first voyage to the South Pole. The Beidou navigation global network entered the sprint period ...
Technological innovation is helping China ’s economic “aircraft carriers” to move forward with strong leadership and driving force. The 2019 National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin shows that in 2019, the growth rate of value added of equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing industries was 1.0 and 3.1 percentage points faster than that of industries above designated size, accounting for 32.5% and 14.4% of the industries above designated size, respectively. . Among the service industries above designated size, the operating income of strategic emerging service companies increased by 12.7% over the previous year. The investment in high-tech industries increased by 17.3% over the previous year, and the investment in industrial technological transformation increased by 9.8%.
Behind the increasing role of scientific and technological innovation is the power of continuous deepening reform. In recent years, China has continued to expand the reform of scientific research autonomy in universities and research institutes, focusing on improving innovation performance and increasing the supply of scientific and technological achievements; optimizing the implementation of policies such as deductions for research and development expenses to help companies innovate; improving the chain of scientific and technological achievements transformation to bring more achievements to the market ; Create a professional innovation and entrepreneurship platform to vigorously promote "double innovation" ... A series of reform measures aim at difficult points and block points, and set up a broader stage for scientific and technological innovation.
Looking at the forefront, the leading forces of scientific and technological innovation continue to accumulate. In recent years, China has paid more attention to original innovation and basic research, with an average annual increase of 19.6% in basic research funding from 1996 to 2018. By the end of 2019, there were 515 national key laboratories in operation, a total of 133 national engineering research centers, 217 national engineering laboratories, and 1,540 national enterprise technology centers.
Yang Dengcai, deputy dean of the Institute of Science and Technology Development of Beijing University of Technology and executive dean of the Beijing Institute of Intellectual Property, said in an interview with the reporter of the Economic Daily: "Today's technological innovation is not only to promote immediate economic development, but also emphasizes forward-looking and pays more attention. Basic research. The country has repeatedly emphasized the importance of basic research at all levels, and has also made a systematic layout for future scientific and technological development. It has proposed that basic research is the source of our future technological progress. "
With the continuous increase in investment, China has made major breakthroughs in basic research fields such as quantum science and dark matter particle detection satellites, and has also made a number of significant achievements in high-tech fields such as large domestic aircraft and high-speed railways.
Looking forward to industry, the leading role of scientific and technological innovation is accelerated. As the Internet and cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, 5G and other next-generation information technologies continue to converge and develop, the information technology industry and the digital economy are developing rapidly. A series of new products and new models such as industrial robots, driverless cars, and industrial Internet continue to promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry. In 2019, the value added of the information transmission, software and information technology services industry was 3.269 trillion yuan, an increase of 18.7%.
Looking at the market, the leading effectiveness of technological innovation is gradually being enlarged. More technological innovations have flooded the market, leading to changes in people's lifestyles and consumption patterns. Ordering food and shopping online without leaving home, scanning code payment, face brush payment, car-sharing travel, robot service, online education, online entertainment, etc., bring more convenience to people's lives. According to statistics, in 2019, the online retail sales for the whole year was 1,062.4324 billion yuan, which was a 16.5% increase over the previous year on a comparable basis. In the whole year, the mobile Internet user access traffic was 122 billion GB, an increase of 71.6% over the previous year.
"As technology increasingly changes the daily lives of each of us, and even affects our way of life, the whole society attaches more importance to technological innovation, thereby further stimulating the momentum of innovation and entrepreneurship." Yang Dengcai said.
To further strengthen the leading role of scientific and technological innovation, we also need system power. Among them, hard technology is the key grabber. "We need to continue to cultivate in 'hard technology' with the main content of optoelectronic chips, artificial intelligence, aerospace, biotechnology, information technology, new materials, new energy, and intelligent manufacturing." Founding partner of China Science and Technology Star Corporation Lei believes that hard technology is not only a core technology that an enterprise needs to survive, which is difficult to copy and accumulate for a long time. It is also the key to China's new round of technological innovation and the engine that drives economic growth at the bottom.
At the same time, we should continue to intensify basic research, accelerate the transformation and application of new technologies and new achievements, build a regional innovation layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development, deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, improve innovation efficiency, and actively integrate into the global innovation network through open cooperation. (Economic Daily, China Economic Network reporter Dong Bijuan)