At present, the animal husbandry industry is facing a greater test-
What can I do if the feed can't come in or the product can't come out?
Economic Daily, China Economic Network reporter Qiao Jinliang
Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, China's animal husbandry is facing a test. Due to the obstruction of the upstream and downstream product transportation and sales of livestock and poultry, problems such as difficulty in access to feeds, difficulty in marketing poultry, and employment in breeding enterprises have occurred. Experts suggest that to ensure the healthy development of the animal husbandry industry, efforts should be made to address the needs of farmers' raw materials, sales, capital, labor, etc., and promote the upstream and downstream companies in the industry to resume production and work as soon as possible, and to feed, backbone livestock, poultry, slaughter, and dairy industries. Enterprises are included in the scope of national special reloan and discount policy support.
People take food as their heaven. For Chinese people, not only food in the rice bowl, but also meat and egg milk. Since the outbreak of New Crown Pneumonia, as an important "vegetable basket" industry, China's animal husbandry industry is facing tests. Due to the obstruction of the upstream and downstream product transportation and sales of livestock and poultry, problems such as difficulty in access to feeds, difficulty in marketing poultry, and labor in breeding enterprises have occurred. Recently, the reporter interviewed relevant experts and market participants about the specific difficulties encountered by the animal husbandry industry and how to solve the pain points of the development of the animal husbandry industry.
Livestock and poultry breeding influence
Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Group Co., Ltd. has 22 chicken farms and consumes more than 6000 tons of feed per month. After the epidemic, because of the closure of roads in many places, it was difficult to distribute the feed to chicken farms, resulting in a feed shortage. The company had to implement "reduction" measures for breeders. "It is estimated that the average laying rate of breeder chickens will fall by 30%. The greater difficulty is that there is no way to sell the products. Due to the obstruction of product circulation during the epidemic, the company's chicks cannot be sold, and chicken farmers also have no channels to purchase Chicken sprouts have caused problems such as unsalable products and backlogs, "said Qiu Cong, assistant general manager of the company.
Li Xirong, chairman of the China Animal Husbandry Association, said that since the outbreak, many places have adopted road traffic control measures, which has caused a great impact on the transfer of farming materials such as pigs, young birds, eggs, poultry, feed, and veterinary drugs. The inter-provincial live poultry sales and transportation links were blocked, live poultry could not be transported between enterprises to meet normal production, and business processes were interrupted. According to statistics, at the peak, a total of 27 provinces across the country closed all or part of their cities and counties on live bird trading markets. Live slaughter birds cannot be sold, and the poultry industry has suffered heavy losses. Some local slaughterhouses have complex start-up procedures and limited personnel movements, resulting in insufficient start-ups of slaughterhouses and affecting the normal sales of livestock and poultry.
Due to the short production cycle and large feeding volume, the poultry industry has been more affected. Gong Guifen, deputy secretary-general of China Animal Husbandry Association and president of the poultry industry branch, told reporters that it is the peak season for poultry replenishment. Failure to replenish it will have a great impact on later production and supply. According to incomplete statistics of the association, as of February 12, the losses of the poultry industry reached 15.865 billion yuan. According to the investigation and research of the Association, the poultry industry still faces some urgent problems that need to be resolved: the limited number of vehicle passes issued cannot meet the normal production needs of enterprises; some enterprises have difficulty obtaining quarantine tickets; non-feed supporting material suppliers cannot resume production, and feed production Made an impact.
Zhang Hongyu, deputy dean of the China Rural Development Research Institute of Tsinghua University, believes that for the chicken industry, the current supply of broiler chickens is much larger than the current slaughter quantity, and prices have fallen sharply; chicken hatching in hatcheries cannot be sold smoothly due to traffic restrictions, and some breeding The farm was forced to take extreme treatment measures such as landfilling of chickens, which caused huge losses. In addition, the increase in pig prices last year led to the consumption of poultry, and many poultry breeding companies chose to expand their production significantly. The onset of the epidemic has added adverse effects.
Multi-pronged approach to break industry plugs
China is a large poultry breeding country, and the per capita consumption of poultry eggs has exceeded the level of developed countries. Yang Zhenhai, director of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the poultry industry chain is relatively long and the output value is relatively large. If there is a problem in one link, the poultry industry cannot run smoothly. Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the live bird trading market has been closed, poultry slaughtering companies have ceased production and production, consumption of poultry products has decreased, and industry losses have been very serious. At present, it is a critical period for poultry supplementation. If this situation continues, it may have a certain impact on the supply of poultry meat and eggs in the second and third quarters.
"The animal husbandry industry as a whole is a special industry with a life cycle and poor ability to withstand market risks. Once the industry is severely impacted, the recovery period will be a very slow process." Li Xirong said that China's animal husbandry is in a critical period of difficult transformation. If production is not resumed as soon as possible, some industrial ecology may be damaged, and the results of hard development of some more vulnerable companies may be lost.
Tian Xiaohui, an associate professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Renmin University of China believes that the epidemic situation has a greater impact on the upstream and downstream of the aquaculture industry chain than the crop industry. First, due to incomplete recovery of feed production and limited procurement of raw materials, farmers generally face shortages of feeds, feed stocks are difficult to maintain normal production, and in the short term, the problem of increased mortality such as pigs, chickens, and ducks; Breeding birds cannot be sold, and lack of veterinary drugs, vaccines and other materials, resulting in greater risk of animal epidemic prevention and control; Third, because many employees can not resume work in a timely manner, companies face difficulties in recruiting, expensive recruitment, lack of labor in the slaughtering process. At present, the focus of policy measures should be in the above areas.
Now, the relevant departments have taken active actions. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Transport, and the Ministry of Public Security issued notices requiring all places to ensure the normal circulation of "vegetable basket" products, and not to block young animals and young birds and breeding animals and transport vehicles, and not to block feed transport vehicles, especially The practice of restricting traffic and blocking traffic was standardized and corrected, which provided strong policy support for the livestock industry. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs also requires various localities to strengthen the monitoring and dispatching of feed and breeding livestock and poultry production enterprises, and actively coordinate the local joint prevention and control work mechanism; include relevant leading enterprises in the list of key enterprises to resume production and resume production, and include them in the scope of loan discount support; coordinate the local grain depots as soon as possible Put a batch of stock corn to protect the production needs of livestock and poultry breeding.
Pain points in the aquaculture industry significantly eased
Jiuding Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., located in Tianjiu Town, Dingnan County, Jiangxi Province, is busy with workers in the workshop, and a truck outside the workshop is loading the produced feed. Since the outbreak, the county's agricultural and rural bureaus have noticed that many animal husbandry and breeding enterprises will face problems such as grain shortage and lack of materials due to the outbreak, and quickly mobilized many feed enterprises in the county to resume work and resume production. According to statistics, from February 12 to February 17, the county issued 418 materials transfer and personnel transfer orders for related owners of livestock and poultry farming, including 86 feeds and 332 live livestock and poultry, effectively solving the problems faced by the livestock and poultry farming industry. The problem is that it cannot be shipped or sold.
"From a nationwide perspective, through efforts, issues such as forcing companies to suspend production and production, poor inter-provincial transportation, and severe shortages of bulk raw materials have been basically resolved. The shortage of reworked workers and the 'last mile' of transportation have also been significantly alleviated. Feed production And the recovery of business order is accelerating, and some large feed enterprises have basically resumed normal production. "Yang Zhenhai said, according to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, as of February 17, there were 6,384 feed enterprises in the country starting to resume production, and the operating rate was 66%, but there is still a certain gap compared with the operating rate of over 90% in the same period of the year. "At present, the total amount of feed is sufficient, and there is no problem with the production of bulk raw corn and soybean meal. As long as the transportation problem is resolved, the end supply will slowly return to normal."
Some farmers said: "In order to prevent the spread of the epidemic, it is understandable that many places have implemented traffic control measures. However, the transportation of livestock, poultry, and related raw materials and finished products is related to the basic people's livelihood and the" vegetable baskets "of ordinary people. They should not simply be all intercepted. It is hoped that some townships and village groups will take effective measures to implement national policies as soon as possible. "
The animal husbandry industry involves a wide range of fields, and upstream and downstream companies are closely related, and there is a large demand for capital and labor. Experts suggest that to ensure the healthy development of animal husbandry, the next step is to address the needs of farmers' raw materials, sales, capital, labor, etc., and promote upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry to resume work and resume production as soon as possible; Production enterprises start to ensure the supply of bulk feed ingredients; feed, breeding livestock, veterinary drugs, animal product packaging materials and other production companies are included in the list of key companies to resume production and resume production; normal slaughterhouses must not be closed, and legal and compliant slaughterhouses must be closed Resume work as soon as possible; include key enterprises such as feed, livestock and poultry, slaughtering, and dairy industry into the scope of national special reloan and discount policy support.