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Little by little, the digital revolution is changing the world of work. With robotization and advances in artificial intelligence, new jobs will soon be appearing.
Eye twitches, raised eyebrows, head movements ... Last November, a newspaper presenter, in suit-tie-glasses, appeared on Chinese television. The physical aspect is more real than nature. Only the voice, robotic, can distinguish the true from the false.
It is by evoking " a world first " that the China New Agency has presented its virtual news presenter of television news, able to work 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In China, robots are already delivering the races, occupy the elderly and assist teachers in classrooms.
The science fiction of yesterday has become the reality of today. What will the trades of the future look like? One thing is certain: the digital revolution is under way and it is not about to stop. According to a report by the Dell company and the Think Tank "Institute for the Future", published in 2017, 85% of people currently in school will have a job by 2030 that does not yet exist.
Automation and robotization
" By its magnitude and the fact that it affects all sectors, it is an unprecedented movement ," says Isabelle Rouhan, founder of the recruitment firm Colobri Talent , author of the book The professions of the future (First Editions, 2019) writes in collaboration with journalist and philosopher Clara-Doïna Schmelck.
Launch of the book # Métiersdufutur by @ isarouhan at @openclassrooms:
-50% of the hours worked is automatable in 🇫🇷
-The accelerated obsolescence of skills
> Hence the urgency to identify the changing professions, the worlds in revolution, the professions in radical innovation. pic.twitter.com/WDVAjMCCxS
" People are using online banking more and more and have fewer and fewer people in front of them in the bank branches. We have fewer and fewer booksellers, more and more purchases on e-commerce sites. This movement is revolutionizing local commerce, the hospitality sector as shown by Booking and Airbnb, "explains Isabelle Rouhan.
This movement should accelerate. In all sectors, machines should indeed perform more and more tasks. According to a study by consulting firm McKinsey & Company published in 2017, half of the hours worked in France are devoted to automated activities .
By 2022, 5% of jobs could be fully replaced by machines, and 60% of jobs could be partially automated, according to this study. " We are all affected by the digital revolution, whether we like it or not, " says Isabelle Rouhan.
"Accelerated obsolescence of skills"
With the rise of artificial intelligence and robotization, many professions are already evolving (like the data-reporter knowing how to code). Some will soon see the day as the robot educator, responsible for learning an artificial intelligence. Other examples are cited in the professions of the future : "ethical hacker", "digital doctor", or "neuro-manager".
The challenge is to train in these professions of the future. " There is an accelerated obsolescence of skills. The OECD has shown that a hard skill in the 1970s was 40 years old. Today is between 12 and 18 months, "says Isabelle Rouhan.
We are no longer in employment for life, but we are in employability for life.
Isabelle Rouhan
Founder of Colibri Talent, author of the book "Les métiers du futur"
21/08/2019 - by David Pauget ListenTomorrow, even more than today, the worker will have to be constantly updated on the technical skills ... without being able, however, to capitalize on them, because of their volatile nature. " What we can capitalize on is all that is well-being, soft skills that are more sustainable. Hence, working on one's own skills, how to make people work together, how to make a team work together, how to take people further with leadership, "explains Isabelle Rouhan.
How to imagine tomorrow ?
While the world of work is already upset - and will be even more so by the digital revolution - France is lagging behind in the teaching of computers. To try to remedy this, the Minister of National Education Jean-Michel Blanquer announced, last January, the creation of a certificate of proficiency for teachers of secondary education (Capes) computer science from 2020. An aggregation in the same field should be created afterwards.
If it is possible to analyze trends in the world of employment to better prepare, imagine the future is always a challenge. In the 1800s, we were already trying to imagine what the world of tomorrow would look like: Factors and firefighters using flying machines for their work, robots replacing hairdressers and other employees, students connected to cables in order to swallow masses of knowledge , ... Some predictions proved to be accurate. An imagination that makes you smile in other cases.
► Also read: Can a robot replace you at work?