Recently, various types of natural disaster safety accidents have risen. The Emergency Management Department has requested to improve the emergency plan.

Take multiple measures to tighten the safety valve

● As the epidemic prevention and control situation continues to improve, spring farming production continues to advance, the agricultural fires, production and domestic fires, and sacrificial fires in the pastoral areas of the forest area have increased significantly.

● In order to make up for the losses in the epidemic period, some enterprises have made full use of their power, rushed time and progress, and the existing operators have been fatigued for a long time. Some enterprises have inconsistent production processes and equipment maintenance is not timely. , Leading to the accumulation of security risks

● For the prevention of natural disasters and security risks, it is very important to do a good job in prevention, improve mechanisms, eliminate hidden dangers, and implement responsibilities

□ Reporter Du Xiao

□ Liu Jinhao, an intern in this newspaper

Recently, the Party Secretary of the Emergency Management Department Huang Ming presided over the video scheduling meeting of the security precaution work of the Qingming Festival, analyzed and judged the situation of natural disasters and security accidents during the Qingming Festival, guided the forest fire fighting in Sichuan, Yunnan and other places, dispatched and inspected the security precautions and duty Duty situation.

It is understood that the dispatch will require all localities to strengthen the control of fire sources such as rituals, outings, and farming in response to the characteristics of recent forest fires with high risk levels. The key parts are sent to guard, and hidden dangers must be eliminated to prevent small fires from causing major disasters. Forest fires in Sichuan, Yunnan and other places should be scientifically extinguished, and the operation command and department linkage should be strengthened to ensure the safety of personnel. Further strengthen the consultation and judgment of the recent flood situation meeting, strictly implement the joint prevention and joint control mechanism of the local government and relevant departments, improve the emergency response plan, arrange the material resources in advance, strengthen the inspection and inspection, and strictly prevent secondary accidents caused by landslides and debris flows. Strengthen the work of resuming production and production safety, and focus on key industries and major projects such as hazardous chemicals, mines, fireworks and firecrackers, as well as epidemic isolation observation points, key hospitals, and fire safety in public places to resume mass activities.

In the past few days, due to climate reasons, and the comprehensive resumption of production in various places, various natural disasters and safety accidents have occurred from time to time, and the urgency of increasing safety precautions has become more prominent.

Recent forest fires occur frequently

Fire protection responsibility must be compacted

At 15:48 on April 4, an artificial fir forest was fired next to the Man Brick Factory in Zhangfeng Town, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Due to the strong wind, the mountain fire quickly spread. After receiving the fire, the local government immediately launched an emergency plan, led by the deputy governor, and the emergency management, forestry and grassland bureau, fire protection, civil affairs and other relevant departments and local people put out the fire in an orderly manner under the unified command. After preliminary investigation by the Longchuan County Forest Public Security Bureau, the fire was caused by the couple's illegal use of fire in the sugar cane field.

The Forest Fire Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management announced that as of April 3, the forest fires being extinguished include: Xiangjiao Township Fire Station, Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province; Jiulong County Fire Station, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province; and Diqingzhou Development Zone, Yunnan Province Fire field; Fire field in Tengchong County, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province; Fire field in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan. During the two days from April 2 to April 3, the whole team used a total of 1,664 people to fight 8 cases including Xichang in Liangshan, Sichuan, Lufeng in Chuxiong in Yunnan, Xishan District in Kunming in Yunnan, Jinghong in Xishuangbanna in Yunnan, Baishan in Jilin, Hunchun in Jilin, etc. Fire.

Recently, there were many forest fires: On March 17, Yushe County, Shanxi Province, caused a forest fire due to the use of ritual fire. After 7 days of fighting, the fire was completely extinguished; on March 18, a series of 14 fires occurred throughout the country within a day. There was a forest fire; on March 30, a forest fire broke out in Xichang, Sichuan, causing 18 local firefighters and one guide to die ...

It is understood that as early as the middle and late February, the State Forest Protection Office, the Emergency Management Department, and the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau jointly issued a notice to plan and deploy the fire prevention and control work in advance. In response to the recent occurrence of forest fires, the National Forest Protection Office requires further compaction of the responsibility for fire prevention and extinguishment, strictly implement the responsibility system of local party and government leading cadres, and accelerate the improvement of a smooth and efficient forest grassland fire extinguishment command system.

Prior to this, the National Forest Defense Office deployed from March 15 to carry out a nationwide three-month field fire source special remediation action. Recently, the National Forest Defense Office has once again requested that all localities carry out in-depth special fire control actions for wild fires, and in particular, strengthen the management of fire for ritual fires on the Ching Ming Festival, issue fire bans in time during high fire risks, and severely crack down on various wild fire activities; It is necessary to intensify the control of key parts, sensitive areas, key units, border areas and other important targets, and implement key guarding and heavy guarding.

According to relevant experts, spring has always been a frequent period of forest and grassland fires in China. More than 70% of major fires in the past five years have occurred in spring. From 2010 to 2019, human-caused forest grassland fires accounted for more than 97% of the fire causes. Among them, ritual fires, agricultural fires, field smoking, and refining afforestation ranked the top four. At present, the situation of epidemic prevention and control has improved. With the advancement of spring cultivation, agricultural fires, production and domestic fires, and sacrificial fires in forest areas and pastoral areas have increased significantly. The pressure on field fire control has increased sharply.

Resuming the risk of resuming production

Safe production is implemented

At 11:50 on March 30, the T179 passenger train went offline when it reached Yongxing County, Chenzhou, Hunan. The front of the train caught fire and some cars rolled over. After receiving the report, the local fire rescue team of 28 fire trucks and 147 people arrived at the scene to carry out rescue.

Recently, the Office of the State Council ’s Work Safety Committee issued a “Notice on Train Derailment Accidents on the Chenzhou Section of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway in Hunan”. It was pointed out that the railway department and the National Railway Group should organize full-coverage inspections of hidden danger points of geological disasters, and strengthen inspection and maintenance of line slope protection. If there is a risk of debris flow, landslide, dangerous rock falling, high-level collapse, immediate measures should be taken to prevent and control the problem to ensure that no problems occur; the patrol and patrol along the railway should be strengthened, and the observation should be strengthened during the operation of the train to discover the geology that endangers the safety of driving. Hidden hazards should be decisively taken to stop trains, emergency braking and other measures. All regions along the railway and related departments of natural resources, water conservancy, emergency, meteorology, etc. should establish a daily information communication mechanism with the railway department, timely release geological disasters and extreme weather monitoring and early warning information, supervise the implementation of safety precautions and disaster prevention and mitigation measures, and make overall progress Geological disaster management, etc.

"Notice" also pointed out that roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, etc. threatened by torrents, debris flows, landslides, etc., bad weather should be assigned to be on duty, and take emergency measures such as closed traffic as appropriate. All regions and relevant departments must strictly implement the 24-hour duty and information reporting system, carefully prepare for emergency disaster emergency response plans, strength, equipment and other preparations. In the event of an emergency, timely and efficient emergency response will minimize the masses of the people. Loss of life and property.

On March 7, the collapse of Xinjia Hotel in Licheng District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, caused 71 people to be trapped at that time (excluding 9 people who escaped by self-rescue). It is understood that after the accident, the Quanzhou City Fire and Rescue Detachment mobilized 26 fire and rescue stations, 361 combatants and rescue equipment and materials into rescue operations at once. The Fujian Fire Rescue Corps launched a rescue plan and deployed 5 heavy fire rescue teams and 6 light fire rescue teams from 9 detachments including Fuzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Putian and Longyan, with a total of 853 fighters, 9 search and rescue dogs and 47 A set of life detection devices and more than 2600 sets of rescue equipment such as demolition, decontamination, communication, lighting and other equipment rushed to the scene to rescue.

At the press conference of the Joint Defense and Joint Control Mechanism of the State Council, Shang Yong, deputy minister of the Emergency Management Department, stated that the Security Council Office of the State Council and the Emergency Management Department issued a series of documents and put forward a series of measures to ensure the safe production of resumption of production. Centralized resumption of production is a high-risk period of safe production. At this time, risks are superimposed and hidden dangers are accumulated, which is very critical for safe production.

Pei Wentian, director of the Security Fundamental Department of the Emergency Management Department, said that from the current point of view, it is difficult for some enterprise personnel to arrive in time, especially some technical personnel and key position operators are not fully in place. In order to make up for the losses in the epidemic period, some enterprises have made full use of their power, rushed time and progress, and the existing operators have been fatigued for a long time. Some enterprises have inconsistent production processes and equipment maintenance is not timely, resulting in lack of safety management and unskilled safety operations. Cause security risks to accumulate.

Lin Hongchao, director of the Emergency Law Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law, told the Legal Daily that the overall development trend of work safety is getting better and better, but this does not mean that you can be too optimistic. In fact, the total base of work safety accidents in China is still relatively large, and there are still some areas for improvement in work safety.

"In recent years, the more serious problem in the field of safety production is hazardous chemical accidents, which is related to the transfer of the chemical industry in the past 10 years. In the past, the heavy chemical industry was mainly distributed in large cities. Due to industrial upgrading, some dangerous chemical companies have moved to small cities. Or the surrounding areas of large cities. Although these enterprises have hidden safety risks, but because they can increase local fiscal revenue and spur GDP growth, some places do not refuse the transfer of hazardous production capacity. However, the industry has higher regulatory requirements. Unlike the general safety production supervision, some places lack the matching supervision ability, leading to the occurrence of hazardous chemical accidents. "Lin Hongchao said.

Luo Yun, director of the Safety Research Center of China University of Geosciences, believes that safety production currently belongs to the Emergency Management Department, and that the safety production management system is still being explored and reformed, and the entire society's understanding and understanding of "emergency management" is not yet in-depth.

"Some management personnel have not learned to be precise, efficient, and long-term to do a good job in safety production. They still use formalist regulations such as forwarding files layer by layer to avoid responsibility and meet the requirements of superiors." Luo Yun said.

Forest fires focus on prevention

Strengthen early warning and control fire source

For preventing natural disasters and security risks, it is very important to do a good job in prevention, improve mechanisms, eliminate hidden dangers, and implement responsibilities.

In the forest fire in Jingjiu Township, Xichang City, Sichuan Province, the Ningnan County Forest and Grassland Professional Fire Fighting Team, which had just been established for more than three months, lost a quarter of its members. According to incomplete statistics, in the past 10 years, at least four major forest fires have occurred in the Songfei forest area in Yunnan, Xichang. In March last year, the "Muli Fire" in Liangshan Prefecture killed 27 forest firefighting combatants and 4 local firefighters, giving more attention to the construction of "county-level professional firefighting teams".

According to the relevant person in charge of Ningnan County, the team members were carefully selected. Most of the team members had years or even more than ten years of experience in lighting. After the team was formally established, they had undergone professional training and had 3 actual combat experiences.

It is understood that many of the 21 people who went to Lushan to extinguish fires in Xichang this time were experienced "veterans." Among them, the captain He Guiyin once served as a forest armed police and participated in several fire fighting missions in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.

Bai Ye, a professor of the Department of Forest Fire Prevention and Firefighting of China Fire Rescue Academy, believes that in addition to mitigating the risks of major forest and grassland fires at the source, the level of early warning must be improved, and modern methods such as the Internet and big data should be fully utilized to achieve three-dimensional monitoring of forest and grassland fires and scientific prediction The forest fire risk level ensures that if a fire occurs, it is discovered early and dispatched early.

In view of Liu Xiaodong, a professor at the School of Ecology and Nature Conservation of Beijing Forestry University, forest fire prevention is very important. Based on the characteristics of local forest resources and forest fire occurrence, it is recommended to focus on the control of forest combustibles and the management of fire sources, and carry out in time Forest fire risk zoning and hidden danger investigation. In addition, according to the local forest conditions, social conditions and fire conditions, we can learn from the effective experience of forest fire management in other regions, and do a good job in the prevention and control of forest fires.

In response to the severe situation of forest fire prevention and extinguishment, the Emergency Management Department stepped up to improve the emergency response plan system, improve the hierarchical response mechanism, set up fire fighting commandos, mobile teams, and refine the cross-regional reinforcement combat plan. Deploy the national comprehensive fire rescue team and escort aircraft forward force, move the center of gravity forward, strengthen combat readiness and training. Strengthen emergency supplies reserves, replenish urgently needed equipment, and establish a fire emergency support mechanism.

Accurate supervision of zoning classification

Strictly guard against safety accidents

Regarding how to prevent production safety risks during the resumption of production, Shang Yong stated that, first, adopt advanced supervision methods to prevent risks; second, strengthen the precise supervision of zoning and classification, and earnestly implement the policies issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening the Work of Safe Production of Dangerous Chemicals"; Third, compact work safety responsibilities, especially to promote the implementation of the "Regulations on Work Safety of Local Party and Government Leaders"; Fourth, strengthen the rule of law.

Qiong Se, a member of the Party Group of the Emergency Management Department and the Director of the Fire and Rescue Bureau, said that they specially introduced "six measures" to support the resumption of production and fire safety services during the epidemic prevention and control period, and actively helped various enterprises solve practical difficulties and resolve fire safety risks. At the same time, for fire-fighting product manufacturers, support policies such as online services for certification and inspection, slow fee collection and appropriate reductions and exemptions have been implemented. Since the resumption of production after the holiday, the national fire rescue team has inspected and serviced 95,000 enterprises of various types and helped rectify more than 66,000 hidden fire hazards. The national fire situation remained stable, and no major fire accidents occurred. There was no influential fire accident in the enterprise.

Ma Hongsheng (pseudonym), director of the safety and environmental protection management department of a thermal power plant, told the Legal Daily that the safety and environmental department of the thermal power plant is mainly responsible for drafting work plans and documents for the construction of a safe production system, and organizing employees to carry out safety, environmental protection, occupational hygiene education and training activities Civilized production appraisal, carry out various safety production inspections, organize accident investigation and analysis, handling, reporting and other work.

"The Ministry of Safety and Environment implements a dual prevention system, that is, a risk grading management and control system and a hidden danger investigation and governance system. The company implements an independent responsibility system for production safety and requires the implementation of the main responsibilities of various departments. , But also responsible for the safety of production within the jurisdiction, to achieve 'one post double responsibility'. "Ma Hongsheng said.

Wang Xinping (pseudonym), a front-line worker of the thermal power plant, told the Legal Daily reporter: "At present, safety production is very strict, and the company will have special safety production training and evaluation before entering the job. Assessment. "

It is understood that the thermal power plant will have a safety month every six months, and there will be corresponding theme publicity training and exams during the safety month. The exam topics include all aspects of safety precautions for dangerous operations. Those who performed well within the safety month will be commended or rewarded according to their grades.

According to Lin Hongchao, in fact, a long-standing problem in the field of safety production is that the supervisory responsibility has not been fully implemented. All industries and industries have corresponding production safety risks. The emergency management department mainly conducts comprehensive supervision and cannot take the overall picture. However, some industry authorities believe that safety production is only the business of the emergency management department, and that they only need to be responsible for daily supervision. “According to relevant laws and regulations, those who manage the industry must manage safety, and those who manage the business must also manage safety”.

"We must pay more attention to safety assurance and accident prevention capabilities, strengthen safety accident emergency response capabilities, conduct necessary training exercises, and effectively implement pre-prevention, incident response, rescue during the incident, and recovery after the incident." Luo Yun said, " Under the background of governing the country, we must further improve the relevant legal system, further form a joint force, continuously strengthen accountability, and achieve accurate identification, scientific evaluation, and effective prevention and control of various security risks. "

Cartography / Gao Yue