Abdelghani Ballout-Marrakech

Translation is known to be the oldest profession in the history of mankind, and the mere allusion to Adam's relationship with names is sufficient to assert that it is a feature that has allowed man to disagree with the earth and to excel from angels for not being able to translate things into words.

Throughout the ages, man translated his feelings and visions into meanings that he recorded in several literary genres. He even needed to explore what was written on other banks and had no other way than to translate literature.

Translation
Moroccan critic Abdellatif Skhiri speaks to Al Jazeera Net that translation is at the heart of human civilization, and that it moves the text from its original language to the host language and transforms it into a context of intellectual and cultural alienation.

Al-Sakhiri adds that translation takes the nature of necessity and inevitable action in the modern era due to international literature and the enrichment of Arabic literature, including the great human works and literary forms that contributed to the development and revolutionization of literary writing and pushing it towards modernization and modernity.

The Moroccan poet and translator Rachid Minsoum, in a philosophical concept, asserts that translation is an attempt to return to a common language common to humanity, which was denied by human search for knowledge. Multiplayer.

Wafa Translation
Most readers, critics and even translators criticize translation for failing to fulfill the original text and lacking awareness that translation is a complex act of reading and writing. Al-Sakhiri describes this "betrayal" in its ugly side by the lack of awareness that translation is not only a subjective act, but a cultural act that transcends self to the accepted civilization. The whole.

He adds that the transition to writing is the biggest obstacle to the inexperienced translator, as well as the lack of interest of some translators in the cultural and social contexts of the edge of the text to be translated.

On the other hand, writer and translator Mahmoud Abdel Ghani says that this accusation has become old and no longer convincing for the development of linguistic, linguistic, psychological and translation studies, pointing out that "translation is beautiful and treacherous" and that everyone is talking about "bad" treacherous translations, calling for praising the translation in the presence of good translations. And successful.

Moroccan writer Mahmoud Abdel Ghani (right) and Syrian poet Adonis (Al Jazeera)

Translated writer
Many of those interested in translation prefer that the translator be creative in the original so that he can transfer the translated text while maintaining its aesthetic load, and the university academic Mahmoud Abdel Ghani believes that when the translator of the novel novelist and poet poet translator and theater translator and critic translator, it is closer to the laws The type that translates inside, even though there are good translators who are not writers.

In the opinion of the satirical critic, it is not mechanical, and that there is a need for evidence of successful translations of some Arab writers of international writers in various genres of literature, and that the great translators who are not creative what is significant, and that the owners of the matter is good reading and literacy and flexibility to write .

The translator says that the language imposes on the translator some kind of negotiation on what can be crossed to the other bank and what can not, while specialists in philosophy of language such as academic Taha Abdel Rahman that the translation is not a technical transfer between languages, but also include the transfer of cultural context To another area of ​​deliberation, and is thus a creative interpretation.

The poet and translator Rachid Al-Minsum: Language imposes on the translator some kind of negotiation on what can be crossed to the other bank (Al-Jazeera)

Translation of poetry
Poetry is distinguished from the rest of the races as a mass of sensations, and it constitutes a unique text necessarily, open to aesthetic possibilities and mystical interpretations, and leaves the reader at a loss, and its translation poses multiple challenges much stronger than other texts, whether dramatic or fiction.

Al-Jahez talked about the impossibility of translating Arabic poetry to the property of weight in it, but he benefited from the translation known in his time and the fruits of the House of Wisdom, so it was necessary to put the impossibility within its narrow limits as explained by the satirical critic.

According to the Moroccan translator Almnsum that poetry works on the vacuum rather than things filled, and that it combines metaphor, imagination and legend, and its translation is based on awareness of its essence and not its structure.

The poet and critic Abdul Haq Mifrani in his talk to Al Jazeera Net that poetry is a complex text governed by a complex structure, and translated difficult cross from a certain literary and cultural context to another, where it can not talk about a technical process, but about the transfer of sensations and structure rhythmic and syntactic and lexical and aesthetic to special poetic worlds .

Poet and critic Abdul Haq Mifrani: Translating poetry is a difficult crossing from one literary and cultural context to another (Al Jazeera)

Corporation
As a cultural act that connects peoples, nations and cultures, translation requires a considerable institutional effort, according to critics, but the presence of translation at Arab universities is sometimes described as lackluster and sometimes absent.

The researcher says that he does not see the bodies responsible for culture projects or strategies for translation in all sectors and in the literary field, while critic Mifrani to the fact that the translation efforts remain individual, recalling the work done by the poet Mahdi Ahrif to discover the hidden worlds of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa and Translated by Khaled Raisouni from the discovery of unknown poetry geographies in Latin America.

Translator Abdul Ghani stresses that the establishment of a translation institution is a matter of urgency that provides the possibilities to purchase the rights of the translator and reviewers and work on an annual long-term program.