So Agenda chose the topics for this year's party leadership debate

This fall, the party leaders are debating Climate, Migration, Shared Land and Crime. We have chosen the topics because the Swedes think they are important, they take a big place in the political debate and the parties have widely different proposals that they can debate.

Climate issues have become hotter during the year, after the UN Climate Panel warned that emissions must quickly reduce if Earth's countries reach the Paris Agreement's target of a maximum of one and a half degrees of temperature rise. Around the world, hundreds of thousands of young people in Greta Thunberg's tracks have demonstrated for the climate.

In Sweden, all parties except the Swedish Democrats agree on the goal of net zero emissions of greenhouse gases until 2045, but they disagree on the way there. Should gasoline taxes be increased or lowered, is aid to other countries a more efficient way of reducing emissions and is new nuclear power needed to meet the need for electricity when transport and industry are electrified?

Following the migration crisis in 2015, Sweden was granted a temporary, tighter foreign law. In an investigation that started this fall, all parties should try to agree on a new, permanent foreign law that should be long-term sustainable, humane and legally secure.

Now the parties must take a definitive position on whether refugees should be granted temporary or permanent residence permits, if they should have the right to bring their children and their spouse here, and if there is a need to allow asylum seekers to stay for particularly aggravating reasons.

The topic of Shared Land has as a starting point the different conditions for welfare around the country. An aging population is putting pressure on the municipalities' finances. Many rural municipalities, such as the City of Malmö, are in deficit and some have large costs for new arrivals.

Municipalities cut back on the resources of the schools and on a housing for the elderly they planned to reduce the heat for the old. There are big differences in how quickly you get to see a doctor around the country. How should the state be able to guarantee sufficient resources for the welfare of all the country's municipalities?

The crime came into focus during the fall after two women in Malmö and Stockholm were shot dead, one of them with their infant in the arms. The number of people killed is still very high, after the record years 2017 and 2018.

The talks about a new criminal policy, to which the government invited all parties except the Swedish Democrats, broke down after a few weeks. However, the government will probably get through legislative changes such as mandatory arrest for several serious crimes and increased rights to intercept encrypted data traffic.

Opposition parties are trying to get a majority for punitive discounts removed for young people, increased police right to visit suspects in vulnerable areas and more money for preventive activities.