Post-80s researchers compiled and compiled 2 million words of historical materials of Southwest Associated University The
original "Union General Assembly", which affected your mind and my mind
◎Zhu Yuan
Among those who love the UN General Assembly, Long Meiguang, born in the 1980s, is a prominent representative.
He spent fifteen or six years diligently reading books and collecting relevant texts on a carpet.
In 2018, a set of 9 copies of "The Memory of Southwest Associated University in the Books of the Republic of China" was published as the first batch of "phased achievements", and there are still "tens of thousands of words to be sorted out".
Earlier, I heard that there is a madman Long Meiguang who collects and collects books at Yun Normal University, and has never met.
Later, I finally saw it in the used book market. He was not tall and could speak fluently.
Still scouring books, piles of piles, holding and carrying, it's a joy.
It is said that more than once a week, as long as I have time, I will go shopping everywhere. The house is like a hill.
Meiguang’s hometown is located in a remote rural area, and the calligraphy paper is precious. The first book he came into contact with was "Xinhua Dictionary" when he was five or six years old. Since then, he fell in love with reading and all printed materials with characters.
Following the trail of the book, he walked into town step by step, to middle school, to university.
Why is it willing to bear this burden and suffer this hardship? Meiguang said: “The research of the UN General Assembly is more dependent on the support of literature”, so he did this, and this is the book series "The Memory of Southwest Associated University in the Publications of the Republic of China" The reason for being born.
Without considerable eyesight, brain, or even physical strength, I can’t make this book
Thanks to Micron for contributing his many years of collection.
This set of books can't be made without considerable vision, brain power, or even physical power.
It is impossible to estimate how much time and energy he saved for readers with his own strength and his own suffering.
I really don’t know how these materials were found and how they were discovered?
Because of the long time, because of the scarcity of prints, because of the transient printing of informal publishing.
Too many are little-known small publications, such as "Gudao Weekly" in Guangzhou in 1938; temporary publications, such as "The Political Training Committee of Hunan Provincial Student Centralized Training Corps printed "Chairman Zhang's Speech Collection" in August 1938"; internal publications, Such as "Yunnan Provincial Government Bulletin", "UNGA Newsletter", "Nankai Class Friends"; short-lived special issues, such as the "May 4th commemorative special issue of the "UNU Yoyo Sports Club Anniversary" in May 1945; some Or simply called flyers or promotional materials.
Unofficially printed, such as "The Death of Talents", "Excerpted from "Records of Project Life in the Foreign Section of Confidential Highway", published by the Second Engineering Office of Confidential Highway in 1945."
Some are serialized, once every few days, then you have to follow up and chase until the end, presenting the last complete article, such as "Diary of Hiking from Changsha to Kunming", "Excerpted from "Insights" September 1938 The third issue on the 5th, the fourth issue on September 20, the fifth issue on October 5".
Some are still New Year's Eve, such as "Remembering Zhang Yinlin"" from the first edition of "History and Figures" in Life Bookstore in July 1948. The content before the "Supplementary Notes" was published in Tianjin "Ta Kung Pao" on December 23, 1946. And the "People Magazine" 1948 Volume 1 No. 11 and No. 12 joint issue."
Some article editors made revisions based on the first edition in the 1940s and the republished personal albums in the 1990s.
Really tired.
Some articles have been published in several newspapers, and the editors have selected a better version after screening.
Some articles are used in different newspapers and magazines, and they have different headings, which increases the workload. I have chosen one article, but I read several articles.
It is impossible to do without the skill of digging three feet and a pair of golden eyes.
This has made a great contribution to the preservation of documentation, the use of data, and the study of history.
I won't talk about the pain of sorting and printing.
Can't stand the cold, hit a ball on the playground
Below is one of the beneficiaries of this set of books, just to mention a few of the ones I am most interested in.
Because it was all at the time, the probability of distortion is much smaller.
We seem to reach out and feel the heartbeat at that time, within reach.
We are on the scene, and see the live life in detail.
Eating is the biggest problem.
Everyone knows that there are many posters of the UN General Assembly. I never knew that there was a poster called "Eating". "Then it was devoted to discussing how to make money and pay for meals, the most economical way of eating... It’s been done so well and is generally welcomed by students, but anyone who reads it will laugh at it."
Prices have soared precipitously, the loan provided by the Ministry of Education is not enough, and the relief fund of the Student Relief Society was temporarily suspended.
The school’s affordable “metric rice” was once sent for the last meal but not for the next meal. “Every day, I have to put together one liter here and half a liter, so I can get a meal... The result is often: lunch At one or two o’clock in the afternoon, dinner was barely completed until seven or eight o’clock in the evening. Three poor students had a two-day meal break. The students organized their own meal groups, and the students tried their best to make them cheap and good. For fear that the cook would lose money, the classmates personally went to buy and went to the production area to the countryside."
The matter of grabbing meals is basically well known, and there are others who don’t grab them—“Some have to go to the cafeteria to eat some leftovers of soup after the paying classmates have eaten.” But the sharp-eyed classmate corrected the rumor and said, “In the bowl There may be leftovers. I’m afraid there’s no rice in the bucket, right?” There is not enough rice, and there are few vegetables. They are often the four old “mung bean sprouts, potatoes, tofu, and watercress, and cooking vegetables does not require oil, and salt is also pitiful... It's all made with boiling water, and it's bland and tasteless."
In order to feed, in 1940, all the students of various universities in Kunming called the National Government and the Yunnan Provincial Government to appeal for relief. After that, some students applied for aid in books and newspapers, with little success.
In terms of wearing, Tsinghua originally had uniform regulations, but now there is no way to enforce them. Many students wear yellow military uniforms and black cotton coats-they were issued by the Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou tour group. Until now, there are only 300 people in total. Have this benefit.
What about the cold students who enrolled later?
"It's too cold to bear, hit a ball on the playground."
However, over there, "Eating porridge is easy to digest, and students dare not enter the sports ground for fear that they will soon be hungry."
Kunming has a warm climate, with exceptions. The winter of 1940 was very cold. Mr. Wen Yiduo sold the fur that year and caught a cold and fever.
And the young man took it so lightly: "Kunming has been very snowy recently, but shrugged and smiled."
The rising prices and the embarrassment of living materials have made "the notice board is full of reports, one on top of the other, and it is quite thick." Imagine that those small advertisements are like cloth shells for shoe soles. Stacked on top of each other.
"The transfer of clothes, paper, ink, pens, and all daily necessities is endless. Most of the transferers are classmates who have cut off their financial resources in the war zone. Some are sold out."
Some content makes people laugh and cry: "Cheap sale of leather shoes, 95% newness." Think about it, everyone's feet are different. Shoes worn by others with memories of other people's feet may not be suitable for you.
There is a very expressive description: "If you walk with your head down, pay attention to the fact that some people have two different shoes! Some uppers and soles are almost separated." "You usually wear cloth shoes. There are not a few people who wear straw shoes... But in winter, straw shoes are too incapable of protecting their feet, and the disease of frostbite is almost no one." Even more terrible, there is the "sell myopia"!
After reading this, I couldn't help but laugh, and then my throat tightened.
As a result, he returned to Peking a few years later, "A person who went to meet at the airport saw how weak a group... They were all well-dressed before July 7th. The university was originally one of the fashion centers, but now their clothes are ragged... What is even more alarming is their health: lung disease, bone tuberculosis, stomach disease, or simply premature old age; generally anemia and malnutrition... Mei Yiqi's face can catch up with Gandhi..."
A school built in the northwest corner of Kunming was a barren graveyard with lush grass.
The new school building hastily been built, and it still retains its old appearance: the football field is often sun-dried with agricultural products, and the peasant women pick up grain on the rocks and sort the straw.
Because of the suburbs, the UN General Assembly built here can be said to be located in a poor den: "The nineteenth people living near the school are the poor, and there is a Wenlin Street full of the poor between Yunda and the UN General Assembly." Make a living by opening small restaurants and selling groceries and laundry.
There is no airstrike value here, but from the air, the UNGA area is too prominent, and it has become a target of attack.
The Maozi Tujia, the earliest style of our ancestors' house, became the new school building of the United Nations University.
"A hut made of mud and covered with thatch or lead panels on the earthen wall, standing dotted around, that is the classroom." The simple adobe panels cannot withstand the erosion of water and wind, the gusts of spring and the rainy season. In the showers, the collapsed walls have to be renovated every year.
Even the wall of the largest and most "luxury" library fell over-it took more than a month to repair before opening again.
Thinking of the famous allusion of not hearing the lectures-"Suspension of classes to listen to the rain", that is still good, because the ceiling of the classroom is lead.
The dormitory does not have this treatment-thatched roof, every rainy season has to open the old and add new grass.
Even so, it still leaks frequently, causing you to wake up at night. Those who sleep on the upper bunk must prepare a tarp and cover it on the quilt.
The wall of the student dormitory collapsed once, and all the husks inside were exposed. They had bedding, bins, and books-"Thanks to the rain, books are glued into a big loaf, a big loaf", alas, how do you look at this? How to use it?
In my spare time, young people in rags can be seen chatting everywhere
The classrooms are very scattered, and "often four classes are divided into four classrooms, two of the school buildings are outside the corner of Ximen City, and two are at the foot of Ximen City. You have to run away as soon as you hit the class bell. The road is quite far away. The newcomer had no training. At that time, he was short of breath and his legs were sore. You were never allowed to stop in just ten minutes. It was so easy to get there, and there was no seat for you. At that time, you too. I had to sigh generously, and lined up outside to listen in. The professor was eloquent and eloquently taught. When it comes to funny things, the hall is roaring with laughter, and you have to laugh foolishly."
During the severe air raid years, the class time was adjusted from 45 minutes to 40 minutes, the break between classes was shortened from 10 minutes to 5 minutes, and it was necessary to run faster, so that "the students ran from north to south and east to west with a group of professors, becoming the Daximen area. Spectacle".
"The uneven road outside Daximen was slippery and rotten when it was raining, and it might fall. It was really difficult to walk as'difficult as the sky', so I named it'Yanwang Road' for ordinary students."
The students who are really studying are like this: "In their spare time, you can see a group of ragged young people gathering together. Don't look at them like a group of beggars. Maybe they are discussing the Greek tragedy or something mechanical. A question. Since the UN General Assembly came to Kunming, the atmosphere has been imperceptible, which has stimulated local people to learn. Even the bandits and old fortunes who are in the dark have posted notices on the streets of Kunming to hire UN University teachers to run local schools. Liu Wendian Isn’t the husband going to grind black like this? Near the water tower, Kunming parents are willing to pay for tutors to make up for their children. Tutoring for college students may be the first choice. One is more suitable, and the other is no small supplement for nutrition-the host Generally speaking, they are willing to provide a meal for "Noon" or "Supper". Some people become the son-in-law of Yunnan because of this. It is really not an individual. Those who are interested can count."
Haircuts are also more expensive than Chongqing, so many students are willing to be "long-haired thief"
The book reveals a lot of information, and there are many specific details in "Weiyang Song". This set of books is multi-person, non-fiction, and more faithful.
It is generally recognized that the scenery is good, so I won’t go into details here.
The weather in Kunming is even more frequently mentioned. Almost every "yimin" thinks the weather in Kunming is good.
It is worth mentioning in particular-"air defense weather"-the word is really invented.
Yunnan has a good climate and fertile land, especially near Dianchi Lake, where the weather is smooth and the products are rich.
Rice is plentiful and good; wheat, because of the dry season, yields very well; miscellaneous grains are also plentiful, and sweet potatoes are plentiful.
Before the war, the province’s food was not a problem, and the people’s lives were stable.
However, after the war, the internal migration of the people was insufficient, and the manpower was reduced (conscription), and the supply exceeded demand, so the prices were high.
The folk customs are both soft and hard.
"The environment is rich in Jiangnan humor, and the locals are honest." The citizens are quite old-fashioned, very polite and polite. "Look at how the people from Yunnan speak very politely, saying "Your home" and shutting up "Your home". See you He bowed his face and said with a grin, "Please be fine with your house" when it is too late." Kunming is polite, but he is not active in business, such as a vendor and a pawn. The restaurant is not allowed to drink; "If you urge you to go to the hall," Hey! Let’s prepare food faster. “The running hall will answer you without any kind of politeness: “Hurry up, wait a minute!” “Rickshaw charges are much more expensive than washing and sewing clothes, and it can last a week’s meals for one day. .
The driver is slow-tempered and unwilling to run fast, so it is not only expensive, but also not fast.
If the customer asks for time in a hurry, he will not bargain, and simply stop and get out of the car with luggage.
This was recorded in "Zheng Tianting's Diary".
The courses of the United Nations University are mostly arranged in the morning. In the afternoon, they usually study by themselves, do homework, check materials, read in the library, and work.
It is not uncommon for teachers and students to work part-time and work-study. The question is, will the time of work and study conflict?
Well, now we have found the reason from the population at that time: "Kunming offices and companies all work in the afternoon and can work part-time." I believe.
Once edited a copy of "Old Kunming", the editor looked through a lot of literature since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and found that citizens have not always had the habit of getting up early.
In the old days, the opening of the store had to rely on the police to beat the plank along the street.
Until the Anti-Japanese War, Kunming had not changed its sluggish temperament.
This happened once: Professor Li Changzhi went to the Cuihu Library to borrow books. It was three poles in the day and the door was not opened yet, and the fire broke out. So he sent books and newspapers to criticize this trend, which caused Kunming gentry to criticize and criticize.
As a result of this war of words, Professor Li flees-I can't afford it, I hide.
If you don’t believe me, you can read Wang Zengqi’s article about the same person. Wang not only confirmed that the person was late for work, but also added a detail, saying that he would turn the wall clock back by one or two hours after he arrived. To paraphrase Kong Yiji's "more than not too much"-too late, not too late.
However, the novelist didn't have a temper and thought the librarian was "interesting."
In the small city, there is a lot of stone paved ground, and there is a lot of bare land, so the wind and sand are big. "In the middle of spring, the streets are filled with yellow sand, rolled up to the height. The road outside the West City is a gray area." The urban area of Kunming is not big, and the price of rickshaws is very expensive," wrote an official from Chongqing.
When he got somewhere one day, the driver charged 15 yuan, and the same journey in Chongqing cost 4 yuan.
It stands to reason that Chongqing is built on a hillside, and the streets are so steep that it is more difficult to travel.
A close investigation revealed that there were two reasons: Kunming's rocky roads were bumpy, hurting feet and shoes, so rickshaws were more expensive; haircuts were also more expensive than Chongqing, so many students were willing to be "long-haired thieves."
"Kunming cattle are fat and thin. If you can stand on Fengzhu Street for a few minutes, you can definitely see a group of fat cattle dragging a wooden-wheeled car and croaking. The horse, with a copper bell between its neck and a few pieces of wood and dozens of square bricks on its back, entered the Kuixing Tower next to its ribbed body under the yelling of the horseman. Because there were too many horses and cattle passing by, the street Thick horse dung piled up on it, and it erupted all day long.” The often-acclaimed Cuihu Lake has not been dredged for many years, and several ditches are impassable and smelly, so it is also called “Smelly Lake Park”.
Discuss what is not perfect
Finally, I have to talk about the flaws of this set of books. With such a large length, it is inevitable that there will be flaws in consideration.
First, the placement is open to discussion.
This huge production of nearly two million words is all-encompassing, and it is scattered in various newspapers and books. How to organize it is really a brainstorming and even thankless task.
The editor classified and merged these messy materials, which is of great help to the convenience of readers and users.
Most placements are reasonable, but not all.
Some short essays that are too simple and similar to advertisements may not be accepted.
For example, in the "Resolute and Strong Zhuo Weiyang Song", "UNU Application Guide Preface", "Recent Status of UNU College of Arts and Law" and "Recent Status of UNU Engineering College".
Second, the title and subtitle of the episode can be discussed further.
"Budong Archaeology and Buxi Suan: The Life of the Masters of the Southwest Union".
According to the editor's original intention, it is to praise teachers and students for persisting in teaching and learning in a difficult environment, but "all beings" are all kinds of methods, including abandoning school business, picking up girls to watch movies, etc.?
So you can consider, for example, "Southwestern United University is studying hard for postgraduate portraits"?
Some seem to be unsuitable.
For example, in the collection of "Southwestern Associated University's Service for Frontiers", some articles describe local scenery, such as "Little Scenery of Green Lake", which has little to do with "service".
Or we can set up another episode to collect this kind of text, because it is quite interesting and valuable. It is Kunming viewed by outsiders with fresh eyes.
It might be called "Kunming in the eyes of the UN General Assembly."
The third is a small amount of repetition.
For example, "Mengzi's Torch Festival and the Flowers and Grasses of the UN General Assembly", signed "Xiong Sword", the article is completely similar to Mr. Zhu Ziqing's "Mengzi Miscellaneous Notes", but the copy is not finished, and the words are missed.
It should be plagiarism and income is not encouraged.
Another example is the "Hiking from Changsha to Kunming" in the collection of "Eight Thousand Miles Road, Clouds and Moons", which is called "translation". It neither indicates where the translation comes from, what the original text is, nor does it indicate that it is a section translation.
Moreover, the translation is poor, taken out of context, and has many errors and omissions.
Reading the "A Thousand Miles Lessons" in the same book, it turned out to be the article.
So why bother with Yu?
The fourth is the problem of punctuation.
There are parentheses in the text, it can be seen that the editor made notes and explanations when sorting out, but some original texts also have parentheses, so the logo may be separated, otherwise it is easy to be confused; there are box numbers, and I don’t know if it is ambiguous or inconvenient to disclose Name or content of?
Need to explain; there is an ×, such as ××University.
Are these just the original text, or are they processed by the organizer?
Whether it is or not, a little explanation will dispel readers' doubts.
It is recommended to make a general explanation in the previous "Editor's Discourse", or mention it at the end of the article involved.
Fifth, the problem of common and fake, traditional and simplified characters.
It is mentioned in the preface that in order to maintain the original appearance of history, the idioms used at that time did not change, such as "that" and "na", "di" and "di", "de", "de", etc. I very much agree.
However, can some of them be fine-tuned appropriately?
Like "a big tree", it is awkward to look at it.
Of course, the original text is in traditional characters, but now it is changed to simplified characters, so it is consistent, and some of them still use traditional characters.
Maybe it was because I didn't recognize the word, it was not intentional.
Thank you again from the fans of the UN General Assembly.