China News Agency Liuzhou, July 3 Question: Inheritance of Batik from Guangxi Folk Crafts from Family Inheritance to Moving into College Classroom
Author Zhu Liurong
Holding a wax knife in one hand, draw one by one, draw a bit, the flowers, birds, fish and insects jumped on the canvas and dipped into the blue indigo dyeing tank. In the batik class of the Art College of Liuzhou Vocational and Technical College in Guangxi, dozens of students spent nearly a week under the guidance of Professor Ma Jian, and finally completed the first batik work.
Pan Haiyan, a freshman who majored in fashion design and crafts, also felt the charm of this ancient Chinese printing technique for the first time. "I learned the theory of batik last semester, and I have been looking forward to practical exercises for a long time." Pan Haiyan looked at his work and said with a smile, "My first batik work was born, I feel very magical. Used in clothing design."
It is undoubtedly the biggest wish of Ma Jian, the master of Guangxi folk crafts and the representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of Liuzhou City (Miao nationality batik skills), to let students master and inherit the batik skills.
Batik is dipped in wax with a wax knife to draw flowers on the cloth, and is dyed with blue indigo. It is dyed to remove wax, and the cloth surface has a variety of patterns with white flowers on a blue background or blue flowers on a white background; And called the three major printing skills in ancient China. In Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan and other places, the Miao, Yao, Dong and other ethnic groups are good at batik, and the Miao batik technique has been included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Ma Jian, who was born in Guangxi's Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Miao people's batik and tie-dye have been passed down among their ancestors. They have loved this folk art since childhood. "Grandmother and mother, they can draw dragons and phoenixes, flowers, birds, fishes and insects on the cloth without painting, using a wax knife dipped in wax liquid." Ma Jian, 57 years old, said he loved painting since childhood and often helped Draw some.
During the ear dyeing, Ma Jian gradually mastered the technique of batik. He graduated from the university majoring in fine arts and returned to work in his hometown cultural center after graduation. Immersed in the mountains and waters of Miao Village, Ma Jian is not satisfied with repeating the old man's traditional methods.
By constantly groping, he created "liquid wax pigments" as dyes and brushes as dyeing tools to paint Miaozhai, flowers, birds and landscapes on rice paper, and then dyed the reverse side of rice paper with ink to form a traditional batik. "Batik painting" combined with Chinese painting.
This also made Ma Jian gain a reputation in the art and painting world. When he realized that the familiar batik pictures in the village were gradually disappearing, there were fewer and fewer old craftsmen. Ma Jian, who had already taught at Liuzhou Vocational and Technical College, determined to inherit this folk skill.
"The batik technique used to be taught orally in the family. To teach in colleges requires systematic theoretical knowledge and practical training courses." Ma Jian introduced that when batik enters colleges, it is necessary to break the original family heritage and unreservedly. Teach students.
At Liuzhou Vocational and Technical College, batik and tie-dye have been integrated into the seven professional courses of the Academy of Art. For example, batik and tie-dye techniques are integrated into the application and design of clothing patterns, and related courses are newly built. Batik and tie-dye are also provided for the whole school. Related majors or public elective courses, etc.
In addition, the school has established a Guangxi ethnic culture inheritance and innovation vocational education base-an ethnic culture (Miao ethnic tie-dye, batik) inheritance innovative vocational education base, opened a batik tie-dye museum, craft workshop, dyeing and washing training room, ethnic product research and development Center, etc., to help the scientific, systematic and professional training of intangible cultural heritage inheritors.
In the school's batik tie-dye museum, three or four hundred batik and tie-dye works are displayed. Many of them came from teachers and students, and applied batik and tie-dye techniques to the design of clothing, handbags, and home improvement. It is reported that the innovative products developed by Ma Jian's team have moved to Europe, America and Southeast Asia, and have won many national and provincial gold, silver, copper, and boutique awards.
Now that Ma Jian is nearing retirement, he has a new goal: "I hope to publish one or two books before retirement, and write the skills and techniques learned over the years into the book, so that more people can learn and pass on." (End)