China News Service, June 19, according to the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued a notice today to publicly solicit opinions on the "National List of Key Wildlife Protection".
Data Map: Pangolin scales seized by customs.
Articles 7 and 10 of the Wildlife Protection Law stipulate that the competent forestry grassland and fishery departments of the State Council shall be responsible for the protection of terrestrial and aquatic wildlife across the country. The state implements classified protection for wild animals. The state implements key protection for precious and endangered wild animals. The wildlife under special state protection is divided into first-level protected wild animals and second-level protected wild animals. The list of national key protected wild animals shall be formulated by the department of wildlife protection under the State Council after organizing a scientific assessment, and the list shall be adjusted according to the assessment. The list of national key protected wildlife shall be reported to the State Council for approval and publication.
According to the changes in wild resources and the latest research results, timely adjustment and revision of the "List" is conducive to rescue precious and endangered wildlife, maintain biodiversity and ecological balance, and promote the construction of ecological civilization.
Since the implementation of the newly amended "Wildlife Protection Law" on January 1, 2017, the two departments have accelerated the adjustment of the "List". After the reform of the national administrative agency in September 2018, based on the original work, the two departments conducted a study on the cross-management of sika deer, red deer and other species in the "List" and "Catalogue of Chinese Animal and Poultry Genetic Resources". In January 2019, relevant experts and scholars from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other scientific research institutes were organized to conduct scientific demonstration research, and a revised version of the "List" was formed. Subsequently, the two departments respectively solicited opinions from the people's governments of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and the relevant departments of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and held a special symposium to listen to the opinions of relevant scientific research institutes, colleges and universities, industry experts, and other experts and scholars. Continue to revise and improve, and form the draft for solicitation of the "List".
According to the changes in wild resources and the latest research results, timely adjustment and revision of the "List" is conducive to rescue precious and endangered wildlife, maintain biodiversity and ecological balance, and promote the construction of ecological civilization.
The adjustment principles of the "National Key Wildlife List" include six aspects:
Endangered principle . Take the Chinese Vertebrate Red List as an important reference for the assessment level of vertebrates in China and the classification and standards of the IUCN Red List, including population structure, quantity and habitat area, range, quality and their rate of change, etc. Factors, focusing on "extremely dangerous" species with wild populations that are extinct, narrow distribution areas, "endangered" species with few wild populations, and "susceptible" species whose wild populations decline significantly or continue to decline, and whose survival is seriously threatened. For example, the Chinese crested tern, spoon-billed sandpiper, Yangtze finless porpoise, etc. are listed as critically endangered species by the IUCN Red Species List. This adjustment is considered to be upgraded or newly added as a national first-level protected species.
The principle of preciousness . Mainly consider the important role in maintaining the structure and function of the ecosystem. At the same time, due to habitat destruction, hunting and trade, development and utilization activities, the survival of threatened species, such as raptors, is at the top of the food chain and plays a regulatory role. The role of the lower food chain species population is very important for maintaining ecosystem functions. The international trade behavior of raptors is not uncommon. Therefore, all species of raptors (55 eagles, 12 hawks, and 32 owls) are included. Conservation list, where important species are listed as primary protection. The northern copper fish in the Yellow River system is an important aquatic biological resource in my country. Traditionally it has high fishery economic value and is affected by habitat destruction. Its natural population is extremely endangered, and it is listed as a first-level protection in this list.
The principle of similarity . Although some species in taxa such as Pleurotus tortoises, tortoises, echinococcidae and golden thread carp are not fully satisfied with the scientific standards for protection by listing, they are considered to be the same as those for listing in the process of law enforcement supervision Family or genus species can not be effectively distinguished, so this list adjustment will also be included in the scope of protection.
The precautionary principle . For Malay pangolins and Indian pangolins, there is no definite evidence to prove that there are hotspot sensitive and endangered species that are naturally distributed in China, and species such as wild horses, elk, and high-nosed antelopes that have been recorded in the field of natural distribution in the history of China. Considering new discoveries such as science It is determined that it belongs to China's natural distribution species and that its wild species can be re-established and restored through ecological restoration measures, so this species is included in the protection scope.
Compatibility principle . For species such as Mangshan Snakehead Snake, Anji Small Salamander, Whale Shark, etc., which are naturally distributed in China and have been listed in the Appendix of the International Trade Convention on Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, overall consideration is given to domestic protection and implementation of the management needs of international conventions. The adjustment of the list shall also be considered according to the actual situation and protection needs.
Attention principle . Although the scientific standards for inclusion have not yet been fully met, species that have attracted widespread social attention due to the continuous increase in development and utilization intensity or reduction in habitats have also been actively considered for inclusion in this adjustment; It is a scientific standard for entry, but the social concern is extremely low. Once it is included, it may increase the risk of illegal hunting and trade. For example, the yellow-breasted bunting has a large share in the bird trade. Due to the wrong promotion of its medicinal efficacy, the wild yellow-breasted bunting has been over-hunted and the number of wild populations has dropped significantly. It has attracted widespread international attention and this adjustment Consider adding it as a national secondary protection.