China News Service, June 11, according to the National Development and Reform Commission website, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Natural Resources recently issued the "National Major Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Major Project Master Plan (2021-2035)" (hereinafter referred to as "Planning"), which proposed By 2035, by vigorously implementing major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, and comprehensively strengthening ecological protection and restoration, the status of natural ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, deserts, rivers, lakes, wetlands, and oceans across the country has improved fundamentally.
Data Map: The primitive forest is surrounded by clouds and mist, as beautiful as a fairyland. Photo by Zhao Chunliang
The plan defines four basic principles:
—— Adhere to the priority of protection and natural restoration as the priority. Establishing and practicing green water and green mountains firmly is the concept of Jinshan Yinshan. Respecting nature, adapting to nature, protecting nature, protecting the ecological environment like protecting eyes, and treating the ecological environment like treating life. Follow the succession laws of natural ecosystems, give full play to nature's self-healing capabilities, and avoid excessive human intervention in ecosystems.
—— Insist on making overall plans and highlighting key difficulties. Focusing on improving the quality of the national ecological security barrier system, focusing on key areas such as national key ecological function zones, ecological protection red lines, nature reserves, etc., highlighting problem orientation and goal orientation, adhering to the overall planning of land and sea, properly handling protection and development, overall and key, The current and long-term relationship promotes the formation of a new pattern of ecological protection and restoration.
—— Adhere to scientific governance and promote comprehensive measures. Adhere to the concept that landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses are a community of life, follow the internal mechanism of the ecosystem, take ecological background and natural endowment as the foundation, pay attention to ecological quality improvement and ecological risk response, strengthen the supporting role of science and technology, adapt to local conditions, seek truth from facts, scientifically configure protection and restoration, Measures such as natural and artificial, biological, and engineering promote integrated ecological protection and restoration.
—— Adhere to reform and innovation, and improve the construction management mechanism. Insist on governance according to law, deepen reforms in the field of ecological protection and restoration, release policy dividends, broaden investment and financing channels, innovate diversified investment and construction management models, improve ecological protection compensation mechanisms, raise the awareness of national ecological protection, and promote the formation of government-led and multi-participant participation Long-term mechanism for ecological protection and restoration.
The plan proposes that by 2035, by vigorously implementing major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, and comprehensively strengthening ecological protection and restoration, the state of natural ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, deserts, rivers, lakes, wetlands, and oceans across the country will be fundamentally improved, and ecological The quality of the system has been significantly improved, the ecological service function has been significantly improved, the ecological stability has been significantly enhanced, the natural ecosystem has basically achieved a virtuous cycle, the national ecological security barrier system has basically been established, the supply capacity of high-quality ecological products basically meets the needs of the people, and the harmony between man and nature The beautiful picture is basically painted. The forest coverage rate reached 26%, the forest volume reached 21 billion cubic meters, the natural forest area remained stable at about 200 million hectares, and the grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage reached 60%; to ensure that the wetland area did not decrease and the wetland protection rate increased to 60% ; The newly added area for comprehensive management of soil erosion is 56.4 million hectares, and more than 75% of the treatable desertified land has been managed; the deterioration of the marine ecology has been fully reversed, and the natural coastline retention rate is not less than 35%; nature protection with national parks as the main body The land occupies more than 18% of the land area of the land, and endangered wild animals and plants and their habitats are fully protected.
According to the plan, we must focus on the economic and social development stages of various regions, accurately focus on key issues, clarify the objectives and tasks of the stage, scientifically grasp the pace and implementation of major projects, and promote the formation of a sustainable long-term construction management mechanism. Before the end of 2020, the relevant departments shall prepare special construction plans for major projects in accordance with this “Plan” (see appendix for details, important policies, major projects, and key projects are submitted for approval in accordance with prescribed procedures), and form a national important ecosystem protection and restoration with this plan "1+N" planning system for major projects; from 2021 to 2025, focus on the ecological protection and restoration of key national ecological function zones, ecological protection red lines, key national-level nature reserves and other regions, and solve the core ecology of a number of key regions Question; from 2026 to 2035, all major projects will be fully implemented, laying a solid ecological foundation for building a beautiful China and basically realizing socialist modernization.