2020 is the end of the fight against poverty, and the new crown pneumonia epidemic has brought new challenges to winning the fight against poverty.
Financial poverty alleviation has always been an important support for poverty alleviation. In recent years, financial institutions have increased their poverty alleviation efforts, financial targeted poverty alleviation loans have grown rapidly, loan coverage has been steadily improved, agricultural insurance has advanced in poverty alleviation, the securities industry has helped enterprises in poverty-stricken areas to finance, and the trust industry has also Leveraging the power of charitable trusts, financial assistance has achieved remarkable results in the fight against poverty.
Steady growth of targeted poverty alleviation loans
Issuing poverty alleviation loans is the main method of banking poverty alleviation.
The banking industry has focused on credit resources and continued to increase targeted poverty alleviation loans. According to data from the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, as of the end of June this year, the banking industry's targeted poverty alleviation loan balance was 4.21 trillion yuan, an increase of more than 310 billion yuan from the beginning of this year.
As of the end of June, the balance of various loans in 334 deeply impoverished counties across the country was 2.99 trillion yuan, an increase of 305.7 billion yuan from the beginning of this year, an increase of 11.75%, and the growth rate was 3.73 percentage points higher than the national loan growth rate.
A total of 473.54 billion yuan of poverty alleviation microcredits were issued nationwide, and a total of 11.374 million poor households were supported, covering more than one-third of the poverty-stricken households nationwide; the balance of poverty alleviation microcredit was 167.59 billion yuan, supporting 4.347 million poor households .
As the only agricultural policy bank in China, the Agricultural Development Bank of my country plays a major role in poverty alleviation, and its targeted poverty alleviation loans have maintained a relatively large amount and rapid growth.
As of the end of August this year, the Agricultural Development Bank has issued a total of 2.5 trillion yuan in poverty alleviation loans with a balance of 1.5 trillion yuan, ranking first in the financial industry in terms of amount and balance.
In the first eight months of this year, the Agricultural Development Bank issued a total of 351.102 billion yuan in poverty alleviation loans, a year-on-year increase of 71.75%.
Commercial banks also play an indispensable role.
According to the statistics of Beijing News reporters, as of the end of 2019, the total balance of targeted poverty alleviation loans of the six major banks of Industry, Construction, Agriculture, China, Communications, and Postal Savings exceeded one trillion yuan, reaching 1013.098 billion yuan, of which Agricultural Bank reached 394.190 billion yuan. .
The six major banks' targeted poverty alleviation loans all achieved rapid growth, among which Bank of China had the highest increase, which increased by 87.98%.
Agricultural insurance is the main force of targeted poverty alleviation in the insurance industry.
In the first half of the year, agricultural insurance provided 49.7 billion yuan of risk protection for poor households, covering 7.336 million poor households. The agricultural insurance premium income of poor households was 1.93 billion yuan, and the compensation paid was 610 million yuan, benefiting 438,000 poor households.
In terms of the securities industry, according to the China Securities Association, as of December 2019, a total of 101 securities companies have helped 294 national-level poverty-stricken counties in pairs, accounting for 35% of the country's national-level poverty-stricken counties.
Among them, 72 securities companies helped 111 deeply impoverished counties in “three regions and three states” in pairs, covering 33% of the deeply impoverished counties in the country.
At present, the 274 national-level poverty-stricken counties assisted by the securities industry have achieved poverty alleviation.
The main way for securities companies to alleviate poverty is to play the role of capital market mechanisms to help enterprises in poverty-stricken areas raise funds.
In 2019, the securities company helped 3 companies in poverty-stricken areas to IPO and go public, raising 2.516 billion yuan; recommended 7 companies in poverty-stricken areas to be listed on the national SME share transfer system, and helped 19 companies in poverty-stricken areas to raise 589 million yuan in equity .
Securities companies also helped enterprises in poverty-stricken areas to raise RMB 44.864 billion by issuing bonds (including asset securitization products).
Continuous innovation of models: industrial poverty alleviation, consumption poverty alleviation, technology poverty alleviation
Compared with direct donations, industrial poverty alleviation is a more "blood-making" poverty alleviation model. With more financial resources and more efficient use of funds, it promotes the development of their own advantageous industries in poor areas and drives the poor people to steadily escape poverty and increase income.
The banking industry also pays more attention to assistance through industrial poverty alleviation. As of the end of 2019, the balance of CCB's industrial targeted poverty alleviation loans reached 66.079 billion yuan, and ICBC and Postal Savings Bank reached 27.776 billion yuan and 25.209 billion yuan respectively.
One of the characteristic practices of the securities industry is to set up industrial funds to invest in characteristic industries to promote the development of industries in poor areas.
According to the statistics of the social responsibility questionnaire of securities companies, in 2019, 7 securities companies established or participated in industrial funds in poverty-stricken areas, covering 13 national-level poverty-stricken counties.
Financial institutions in different industries are also innovating models for industrial poverty alleviation through various forms of mixed-industry cooperation.
Chang'an Trust has innovated the "risk compensation + insurance" poverty alleviation model. Charitable trusts provide loan risk loss compensation, and use financial institutions to issue loans to farmers with a leverage of 10 times. At the same time, it cooperates with insurance institutions to support farmers in purchasing personal accident insurance and Property insurance for livestock.
The papers by Hou Zhijie, China Financial Research Center of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, and Xu Heng of China University of Political Science and Law proposed that the core of financial poverty alleviation is to establish a long-term mechanism and use market mechanisms to stimulate the endogenous development momentum of poor areas, cultivate and develop industries, and support wisdom and support. Combining aspirations to achieve stable poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
Another innovative way of financial poverty alleviation is poverty alleviation by consumption.
Consumption poverty alleviation can mobilize all sectors of society to participate in poverty alleviation, especially in the case of the hot webcast this year, consumption poverty alleviation has shown great potential.
Quite a few financial institutions use their own e-commerce platforms to carry out consumer poverty alleviation.
For example, CCB has established a business platform for Shanrong. In 2019, the transaction volume of poverty alleviation by Shanrong's business was 14.417 billion yuan, an increase of 44.07% over the previous year.
The Agricultural Bank of China has also established a “Poverty Alleviation Mall” on the Huinong e-tong platform and held a special product exhibition in poverty-stricken areas. As of the end of 2019, it has helped sell 730 million yuan of products in poverty-stricken areas.
There are also financial institutions that use financial technology in poverty alleviation work.
For example, Industrial Bank used the bank-bank platform to represent 47 village banks in poverty-stricken areas to access financial infrastructure, and sent wealth management products to the countryside through the "wealth cloud". In the first half of this year, it provided more than 2 billion yuan to residents of the "three districts and three states" It also promotes the construction of a smart medical platform.
How to continue the policy? Relay Village Revitalization
With less than a hundred days left this year, how will the financial poverty alleviation work be carried out next?
On September 15, the People's Bank of China and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly held a meeting and pointed out that it is necessary to further increase industrial support for poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas, support the development of characteristic industries in poverty-stricken areas, and continue to provide financial services for industrial development in relocation areas for poverty alleviation and relocation.
We must do a good job of financial support to stabilize the implementation of various policies to ensure employment in enterprises, extend the inclusive small and micro loans to poverty-stricken areas, increase the proportion of inclusive small and micro credit loans, and innovate various forms of online and offline government, bank and enterprise financing Docking service.
It is necessary to give full play to the role of re-lending support for poverty alleviation, and actively give priority to deeply impoverished areas and uncapped poor counties.
We must continue to work hard to consolidate and improve basic financial services in poverty-stricken areas, focus on areas where basic financial services are not available in physical outlets, and further improve the quality of basic financial services.
After the end of the poverty alleviation this year, it does not mean the end of the poverty alleviation policy.
The central bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission pointed out that it is necessary to plan in advance the effective connection of financial support for poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, maintain the continuity of financial poverty alleviation policies, and establish a long-term mechanism for forming financial support to consolidate poverty alleviation results.
Earlier, Central Bank Governor Yi Gang pointed out that it is necessary to promote the sustainable development of financial poverty alleviation, strengthen the monitoring of the quality of credit assets in poverty-stricken areas, especially poverty alleviation microfinance, and prompt and early warning to prevent "poverty caused by loans".
Beijing News reporter Gu Zhijuan