How to accelerate the implementation of new infrastructure (new economic orientation · "two new and one heavy" construction)
Source of chart content: National Development and Reform Commission
During his inspection in Zhejiang, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that it is necessary to seize the opportunities afforded by industrial digitalization and digital industrialization and accelerate the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G networks and data centers. This year's "Government Work Report" proposed that one of the key points for expanding effective investment is to strengthen the construction of new infrastructure.
What is "new infrastructure"? A few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission clarified the scope. The new infrastructure is guided by new development concepts, driven by technological innovation, based on information networks, and oriented to high-quality development needs. It provides an infrastructure system that provides services such as digital transformation, intelligent upgrades, and integrated innovation. . It includes three aspects: information infrastructure, converged infrastructure, and innovative infrastructure.
Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, where is the new infrastructure? Where should the new infrastructure be pushed into the fast lane? The reporter interviewed relevant experts.
●Information infrastructure highlights "new technology", 5G construction is at the forefront
"Information infrastructure is mainly reflected in'new technology'." Feng Yuan, Deputy Director of the Institute of Industrial Economics, National Industrial Information Security Development Research Center, said that 5G, Internet of Things, Industrial Internet, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data are all new generations. Information technology, based on the evolution of these information technologies, has the infrastructure of social publicity, long-term effects, and indirect benefits, that is, information infrastructure.
Take the 5G network as an example. Its transmission rate is 10-100 times that of 4G. It can transmit larger-scale data and connect larger-scale equipment with high speed and low latency. As an important engine of the digital economy, it is an important support for the development of new industries such as artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and online economy.
my country's 5G commercial use has accelerated, and more than 200,000 5G base stations have been opened. Li Yizhong, chairman of the China Federation of Industrial Economics, said that this year it will vigorously speed up the progress. In the 2020 key project plans announced by Shanghai, Guangdong and other provinces and cities, 5G communication and base station construction are all in the forefront.
It should be noted that with the rapid development of new generation information technologies such as 5G, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, etc., the demand for huge computing power will be further increased. At present, China’s data centers, including general, regional, industry and enterprise, There are already nearly 60,000, which need to be properly supplemented and integrated. This also allows data centers to be included in the information infrastructure as an important component.
Not long ago, China Mobile's Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Huizhou) data center project officially settled in Huidong Moling Industrial Zone, Huizhou. The project is planned to invest 5 billion yuan, covering an area of 200 acres. Upon completion, it will provide 32,000 installed capacity, becoming the highest standard data center in the region. A person in charge of China Mobile introduced, "The completion of this data center will enhance the computing power required for the development of 5G in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, while meeting the demand for network storage throughput in the 5G era and assisting high-tech technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. industry."
●Integrated infrastructure focuses on "new applications", innovative infrastructure emphasizes "new basics"
According to Feng Yuan, the application of big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to the transformation and upgrading of traditional infrastructure to form a converged infrastructure is mainly reflected in "new applications."
"Traditional industry digitization requires corresponding infrastructure." Li Yizhong introduced the transportation industry as an example. The highway added more than 8,000 kilometers last year. New roads must be introduced with higher technical standards for road conditions, signals, and communications. Intelligent network connection function.
Currently, “smart highways” are being built in many regions of China. On the one hand, 5G communication technology equipment is installed to support autonomous driving, on the other hand, electric vehicles can be charged while running on the road through photovoltaic power generation and wireless charging. At the same time, through the deployment of monitoring systems, Highways and bridges can autonomously sense the running status and issue safety warnings.
Similar converged infrastructure is accelerating. A few days ago, a self-driving taxi service was officially opened to the public in Changsha, Hunan. Users only need to open the Baidu map to enter the taxi service, they can single-call unmanned vehicles and experience autonomous driving travel services.
The new travel experience stems from an intelligent transportation technology transformation of vehicle-road collaboration. Combined with new technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G and artificial intelligence, the road scene is digitized to obtain real-time traffic light countdown and road condition perception results, so that "smart cars" and "smart roads" are organically linked. In addition to Changsha, Baidu is carrying out autonomous driving manned tests in Beijing, Cangzhou and other places.
If converged infrastructure focuses on application, then innovative infrastructure is reflected in "new foundation".
In Feng Yuan's view, innovation infrastructure mainly refers to infrastructure with public welfare attributes that supports scientific research, technology development, and product development. Its outstanding feature is innovation. "Whether it is a major scientific and technological infrastructure or an industrial technological innovation infrastructure, it is more inclined to the field of basic technology.
Taking the major scientific and technological infrastructure as an example, the "brain cognitive function atlas and brain-like intelligence cross-research platform project" jointly constructed by the Institute of Automation and the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences recently held a construction ceremony in Huairou, Beijing. After the platform is completed, it will provide a one-stop research platform covering research, technology, simulation, verification and other links in the intersection of brain science and brain-like intelligence, and provide long-term support for the rapid development of my country's artificial intelligence industry.
● The new infrastructure radiation has a stronger driving effect and requires scientific planning and classified measures
If the traditional infrastructure construction with railways, highways, bridges and other constructions oriented is oriented towards the era of industrial economy, then the construction of new infrastructure with information, integration and innovation as the core connotation is geared towards the era of digital economy.
"Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, new infrastructure construction has a stronger incremental space and radiation-driven effect." Zhou Zhongfeng, director of the comprehensive office of the Industrial Economic Research Center of China Industry and Economic Union, explained that on the one hand, the new infrastructure has inherited the traditional infrastructure inversion The function of stable growth of the cycle, while including the construction of public facilities in the digital economy, has a more significant effect on economic growth. Statistics show that the multiplier effect of high-speed rail construction investment on driving related industries is about 3 times, while the multiplier effect of 5G, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and other new-generation information technologies is up to about 6 times.
Zhou Zhongfeng said that on the other hand, based on the new development concept, the new infrastructure is more focused on the long-term social effects of structural adjustment, innovation and shortcomings. Once the first-mover advantage is established in the new round of global technological revolution and industrial revolution, it will seize the future. Industry development initiative.
The new infrastructure is coming, how can it be promoted in order to enter the development "fast lane"?
——Mining the value of data and speeding up data sharing.
During the epidemic prevention and control period, encountering a “broken chain” of upstream raw material supply made it difficult for Hikvision, a large enterprise with an annual turnover of 50 billion yuan, to resume production. At a time when the heads of enterprises are at a loss, relying on the large-scale power data collected by the Energy Internet, State Grid Hangzhou Power Supply Co., Ltd. applied the "Corporate Resumption Electricity Index" to explore the industry by region and industry. The daily analysis data exceeds 4 million and the industry chain is accurately locked. The "breakpoints" on the list provide accessories for the production of infrared thermometers, helping enterprises to resume production.
"China is already one of the countries with the richest data resources, and the role of data in enhancing the production efficiency of various industries is prominent." Liu Song, vice president of Alibaba Group, believes that the concept of data as a production factor should be strengthened to enhance the value of new infrastructure data elements . At the same time, it will speed up the open sharing of data and effectively empower the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.
——Effective and coordinated linkages to avoid swarming.
"The implementation rules for the construction of new infrastructure should be accelerated to form a national chess game." Zhou Zhongfeng believes that scientific planning and classified measures should be taken in accordance with the development conditions of different regions and the technological development maturity of different industries to effectively avoid repeated construction and immature industrial technologies. The problem of low-end development of high-end industries caused by overly advanced layout.
—— Do a good job in forecasting demand and stabilize sources of funds.
New infrastructure construction projects generally have the characteristics of long construction period and slow return on investment. Li Yutao, an associate researcher at the Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomics, believes that if innovative infrastructure emphasizes public welfare, it means that more government intervention is needed, and government investment is the mainstay. To this end, while ensuring advanced and reliable technology, market demand forecasting should be done well, ahead of schedule but within our capacity.
"We must do a good job of policy guidance and stabilize the source of construction funds with proactive fiscal and taxation policies." Li Yizhong also suggested that new infrastructure construction, especially information and integrated infrastructure construction, should be more open to private capital.
In addition, Zhou Zhongfeng suggested that science and innovation enterprises should be encouraged to base themselves on the new infrastructure field. On the one hand, they should cultivate and strengthen original innovation capabilities and continue to increase R&D investment intensity; on the other hand, support enterprises to actively expand downstream applications such as 5G, artificial intelligence and big data. In areas including car networking, smart manufacturing, remote office, smart city, etc., seize the development opportunities to make the industry bigger and stronger.
Drawing: Wang Zheping
Han Xin