The new crown pneumonia epidemic has spread worldwide, adversely affecting the world economy, and posing a greater challenge to global supply chain security. The recent situation shows that some multinational supply chains have been interrupted and faced with restructuring. Some industries are accelerating the transfer, and supply chain risks have become prominent for a while. In order to effectively respond to the impact of the epidemic on the global supply chain and maintain the stability of the world economy, countries need to give play to their respective comparative advantages, jointly maintain the security of the global supply chain, and promote trade facilitation and logistics supply chains in the context of epidemic prevention and control. China is also strengthening communication and coordination with economic and trade partners, giving priority to ensuring that leading enterprises and key links that have important influence in the global supply chain resume production and maintain the stability of the global supply chain.

From an international perspective, countries in the world need to work together to cope with the impact of the epidemic on the economy and society, promote global supply chain security governance, and establish a global supply chain emergency coordination mechanism. While actively responding to challenges, firmly maintain global free trade rules.

On the one hand, pragmatic measures need to be taken to ensure the smooth flow of cross-border supply chains. Countries should strengthen trade cooperation and customs coordination and consultation, and on the premise of effective prevention and control of epidemics, open cross-border logistics channels as soon as possible to ensure smooth cross-border supply chains. Specifically, it is necessary to strengthen the communication of supply and demand information of production capacity in various countries, promote the establishment of a multilateral cooperation framework for supply chain capacity coordination under epidemic prevention and control conditions; consider promoting the construction of a global supply chain security governance system, and explore corresponding governance mechanisms, decision-making systems, and governance structures And governance models.

On the other hand, the role of the United Nations and other international organizations needs to be brought into better play to enhance the emergency response and coordination capabilities of the global supply chain. The roles of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the World Health Organization should be brought into play, and on the basis of fully absorbing the experiences of countries in responding to public emergencies, actively promote the establishment of a global supply chain emergency coordination mechanism, and build a supply chain emergency mechanism based on global emergency events. , Promote the construction of the global supply chain emergency warning system and information sharing, build a global emergency resource information release platform, and assist in the global coordinated dispatch of emergency rescue supplies.

While preventing and controlling the epidemic, maintaining global free trade rules is also crucial. Countries need to jointly promote global free trade, regional free trade, and bilateral free trade, further strengthen the free trade cooperation relationship between countries, and promote the efficient flow of people, business, logistics, capital, and information flows worldwide, and build a higher openness Horizontal regional industrial chains, technological innovation chains and global value chains.

China is a firm promoter of globalization and needs to play a greater role in global and regional governance platforms. It should be noted that China has the world's largest, most comprehensive, and most complete manufacturing system, is an important global supply chain hub, and occupies an important position in the global industrial chain and supply chain. The new crown pneumonia epidemic will inevitably have a greater impact on the economy and society, and also have a greater impact on the global supply chain. In this regard, we need to speed up the establishment of an economic and social operation order that is compatible with the epidemic prevention and control while doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, especially to promote the orderly return to work and production in an orderly manner, give full play to industrial advantages, and make the economic and social dynamic cycle Smooth operation, contributing to the security of global supply chains, and embodying the responsibility of a responsible country.

First, to promote the resumption of work and production in a precise and orderly manner. Further implement the zoning and differentiated prevention and control strategy, promote the restoration of logistics channels in various provinces and cities, and ensure the rapid replenishment of raw materials and materials required by enterprises to resume work and production; accelerate the development of the emergency industry, strengthen the production of emergency materials, improve the ability to support emergency materials, and encourage Areas with favorable conditions develop various emergency industrial clusters, better build national emergency industry demonstration bases, build emergency materials and production capacity reserve bases, improve regional emergency industrial chains, and support the development of emergency service institutions closely related to production and life.

Second, enhance digital capabilities and improve supply chain efficiency. The first is to take digital construction as the goal, focusing on infrastructure construction in digital economy areas such as 5G, artificial intelligence, data centers, and the Internet, as well as infrastructure construction in areas such as education, medical care, and social security consumption upgrading, and consider relaxing digital infrastructure. Market access in this field will promote diversification of investment entities and establish and improve supporting incentive mechanisms. The second is to promote the application of online office, video conference, remote collaboration, and digital management in the production and operation of enterprises. Production enterprises should carry out the construction of digital supply chain solutions, actively promote agile production, automated production, intelligent manufacturing, promote the application of 3D printing technology, contactless delivery and uninterrupted rapid supply; service companies should accelerate digital transformation and pay attention to consumers' Personalized needs, open up online and offline omnichannel service chains, and actively promote smart store operations; logistics companies should pay attention to the application and promotion of unmanned technology and equipment in the industry, and improve the intelligent service capabilities in logistics scenarios. The third is to encourage enterprises to strengthen the capacity building of digital management of supply chain processes. By strengthening short-, medium- and long-term planning adjustments, using digital technology to prepare solutions for controllable and predictable supply uncertainty, and promote the efficiency of supply chain management.

Third, we must effectively ensure the financial security of the supply chain. During the “anti-epidemic” period, it is necessary to do a good job of monitoring and early-warning the risks of credit and liquidity of financial institutions, and to open up the supply chain and financial chain for enterprises to resume production and production. Establish key monitoring mechanisms for industries affected by the epidemic, such as wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering, logistics and transportation, cultural tourism, automobile manufacturing, semiconductors, rail transportation, import and export trade, etc., and companies and projects that have development prospects but temporarily encounter difficulties We will not blindly draw down loans, cut off loans, or press down on loans, reasonably extend the term of loans and reduce fees and interest rates.

Fourth, strive to ensure the smooth flow of the foreign trade industrial chain and supply chain. As an important hub of the global supply chain, China is promoting the resumption of production and production of foreign-invested foreign-funded enterprises, with special measures to ensure the normal operation of key links and leading enterprises, and to escort the stability of the global supply chain. It is necessary to support key export enterprises to resume work and production as soon as possible; simplify customs clearance procedures, reduce charges for ports, inspections and quarantine, and launch more foreign exchange facilitation services; encourage localities to promote incremental growth, stabilize stocks, and do a good job of landing major foreign capital projects. At the same time, relying on the significant advantages of China's manufacturing industry, we can increase global supply guarantees for epidemic prevention materials, actively promote synergy with other countries' ports, logistics, customs, trade, inspection and other supply chain processes, and carry out international cooperation for epidemic prevention and control. .

The impact of the epidemic is short-term and generally controllable, but the shortcomings and deficiencies in China's supply chain governance have also been exposed in the prevention and control of the epidemic. To this end, it is necessary to step up efforts to build a global supply chain risk warning indicator system, and strengthen the supply chain flexibility in traditional industries and strategic emerging industries through independent innovation, self-sufficiency of key suppliers, and implementation of supply chain backup chain plans. Actively develop the emergency industry supply chain, improve the emergency emergency supply chain service system, and improve the emergency supply chain capacity elasticity mechanism. Take unconventional emergency supply chain emergency capabilities as an important indicator for assessing the maturity of an enterprise's supply chain, strengthen the scenario deduction of emergencies, and improve the enterprise's emergency capabilities in terms of supply chain technology, organizational philosophy, processes, and cooperation methods. Support the construction of the supply chain system of leading companies, strengthen the leading role of dominant companies in the global supply chain, and embed China's industrial advantages into the global supply chain system for a long time.

(Author Unit: Department of Industrial Economics Research, Development Research Center of the State Council, Department of Management and Economics, Tianjin University)

Wei Jigang Liu Weihua