Steady progress and significant progress towards a well-off society in an all-round way
——Interpretation of the Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development 2019
Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Yi
The total economic volume is close to the 100 trillion yuan mark, the per capita GDP exceeds US $ 10,000 for the first time, and the rural poor has decreased by 11.09 million ... On February 28, the National Bureau of Statistics released the "2019 National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin". The heavy data shows the trajectory of China's economic giants in the past year without fear of storms and waves, confirming the major new progress made towards the comprehensive construction of a well-off society.
Stepping up to a new level, China's economic giants move forward steadily
Facing the difficulties, we can see the real strength and the resilience and confidence of the great powers.
In 2019, the world economy is still in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis. Global economic and trade growth has slowed down, and the sources of turbulence and risk points have increased. China's economic structural, institutional, and cyclical issues are intertwined, and the "three-phase superposition" The impact continues to deepen, and downward pressure on the economy is increasing. China's economy is advancing against the wind, comprehensive national strength has reached a new level, and the foundation for the development of large countries has been continuously consolidated.
According to the "Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development in 2019", preliminary calculations show that China's GDP in 2019 will be 99.865 trillion yuan, converted at an annual average exchange rate of 14.4 trillion U.S. dollars, ranking second in the world; GDP per capita 70,892 yuan, converted to an annual average exchange rate of 10,276 US dollars, breaking the 10,000 US dollar mark for the first time, and the gap with high-income countries has further narrowed.
Faced with the complicated situation of internal and external contradictions, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, China's economic operation is generally stable and progress has been achieved. The main expected goals are well achieved, and new and significant progress has been made in building a well-off society in an all-round way.
"China's GDP is close to 100 trillion yuan, and the per capita GDP exceeds the US $ 10,000 mark for the first time, which not only means that China's economic aggregate has continued to expand, but also indicates that the economic structure has been adjusted and optimized, the quality of development has been steadily improved, and the development potential has become stronger. Adequate, people's lives continue to improve; not only has laid a solid foundation for China's comprehensive well-off, but also made due contributions to the cause of human development and progress. "Ning Jizhen, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and director of the National Bureau of Statistics, pointed out.
Promote progress while maintaining stability, not flood flooding, give full play to the role of macro-control counter-cyclical adjustment, and continue to improve the policy's forward-looking, targeted and effective. Proactive fiscal policies have increased efficiency, implemented larger-scale tax and fee reductions, prudent monetary policy has been flexible and appropriate, and comprehensively used measures such as lowering the deposit reserve ratio, targeted RRR cuts, and medium-term borrowing facilities to guide market interest rates through reforms Downward, improve the formation mechanism of RMB exchange rate marketization ... A series of measures effectively hedged the downward pressure on the economy and promoted the stability of the "big market" of economic operations.
Efforts to tackle poverty alleviation have been effective, and overall environmental quality has improved
In 2019, 11.09 million rural poor were lifted out of poverty, reducing poverty by more than 10 million for seven consecutive years; the incidence of poverty was 0.6%, a decrease of 1.1 percentage points from the previous year, and a major step towards the elimination of absolute poverty.
In 2019, the country will thoroughly implement the concept of green development, increase ecological environmental protection and pollution prevention and control, and resolutely fight against the blue sky, clear water, and pure land defense battles, and continue to improve the efficiency of resource use. The “face value” and “temperament” of China ’s land continue. Upgrading, green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly production and lifestyle are accelerating.
"Stabilizing and moving up, we will increase our well-being." Sheng Laiyun, deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, summarized this in his review of the Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development 2019.
In 2019, we will insist on shared development and development for the people. Regions and departments will continue to increase investment in people's livelihoods and accelerate the development of various social undertakings. Residents' income will continue to increase, the number of poor people will continue to improve, social security will continue to improve, and education, culture, health, and sports will be supported. Strengthen and lay a solid foundation for improving people's livelihood.
——Resident income and economic growth are basically synchronized. Various measures were taken to promote the increase in income of urban and rural residents, and the implementation of a special additional deduction policy for personal income tax. The per capita income level of residents exceeded 30,000 yuan for the first time. The income gap of residents has further narrowed. In 2019, the ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 2.64, a decrease of 0.05 from the previous year.
——Effectiveness in tackling poverty alleviation is obvious. In 2019, the per capita disposable income of rural residents in poverty-stricken areas was 11,567 yuan, an increase of 11.5% over the previous year; the actual growth rate after deducting price factors was 8.0%, which was 1.8 percentage points faster than the actual per capita disposable income of rural residents nationwide.
-Overall improvement in environmental quality. The people enjoy more blue sky and clear water. In 2019, the average number of days with excellent air quality in 337 cities at or above the prefecture level is 82%. The average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in cities that did not meet the standards decreased by 2.4% over the previous year.
——Continuous improvement of resource utilization efficiency. The results of energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction have appeared. In 2019, the national energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 2.6% over the previous year, the carbon dioxide emissions of 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 4.1%, and the water consumption of 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 6.1%.
——Clean energy is more widely used. In 2019, coal consumption accounted for 57.7% of total energy consumption, a decrease of 1.5 percentage points from the previous year; natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and other clean energy consumption accounted for 23.4% of total energy consumption, an increase of 1.3 percentage points.
——The social security system continues to improve. The number of people participating in pension and medical insurance increased. At the end of 2019, the number of people participating in the basic endowment insurance for urban employees, basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents, and basic medical insurance increased by 15.81 million, 8.74 million, and 9.78 million, respectively, from the end of the previous year.
Innovation-led, high-quality development
The Chang'e-4 probe successfully landed on the back of the moon for the first time in the world, the first flight of Xuelong 2 to Antarctica, and the core constellation of the Beidou-3 global system have been deployed; the rapid development of new industries and new models has become a new driving force for economic growth and structural adjustment ... In 2019, China will promote reforms and innovations in a “double-wheel” drive, and new vigor will continue to develop.
Data show that China ranked 14th in the global innovation index in 2019, up 3 places from the previous year. The investment in innovation has grown rapidly. The expenditure on research and experimental development (R & D) nationwide has increased by 10.5% over the previous year, and the ratio to GDP has been 2.19%. Innovation results are constantly emerging. In 2019, the number of invention patent applications in China was 1.401 million, and the number of invention patents per 10,000 people reached 13.3. The target tasks identified in the 13th Five-Year Plan were completed ahead of time.
Adhere to the eight-character policy of “consolidation, enhancement, promotion, and unblocking”, continue to deepen the supply-side structural reform, and consolidate the results of “three go, one drop, and one supplement”. In 2019, the national industrial capacity utilization rate was 76.6%, an increase of 0.1 percentage point from the previous year. The reform of "decentralized service" was further advanced, and the vitality of the micro-subjects continued to increase. In 2019, there were 23,770,000 newly registered market entities, with an average of 20,000 newly registered enterprises per day. At the end of the year, the total number of market entities reached 120 million. Fiscal support for the real economy has increased. In 2019, tax and fee reductions exceeded 2.3 trillion yuan.
Vigorously implement the innovation-driven development strategy, focus on promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and actively use the demonstration role of scientific and technological innovation to develop new kinetic energy to thrive. In 2019, the added value of industrial strategic emerging industries increased by 8.4% over the previous year, 2.7 percentage points faster than that of industries above designated size. Both online and offline wings fly together, and new forces of the network are accelerating. Online retail sales of physical goods in 2019 increased by 19.5% over the previous year, accounting for 20.7% of total retail sales of consumer goods.
"In the context of slowing world economic growth and increasing downward pressure on the domestic economy, the Chinese economic giant is moving forward steadily, with high-quality development and steady progress, fully demonstrating the fundamentals of China's improving economic stability and the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. It also fully demonstrated the resilience, potential and vitality of sustainable economic development of large countries. "Sheng Laiyun emphasized that 2020 is the year when a well-off society will be fully established and the" Thirteenth Five-Year Plan "ends. It is of great significance to maintain sustainable and healthy economic development. We must clearly see that China ’s basic national conditions are still unchanged and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time. China ’s status as the world ’s largest developing country has not changed. The problem of imbalanced and inadequate development remains prominent. Medical and education There are many shortcomings in public service areas such as housing and housing, which require our continuous efforts and long-term contributions.
Guangming Daily (February 29, 2020, 07 edition)